Historical Records is a historical work written by Sima Qian, the most famous historian in ancient China and the emperor of the Western Han Dynasty.

Historical Records records the history of more than 3,000 years from the time of the Yellow Emperor in the ancient legend of China to the first year of founding ceremony, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. The book includes 12 biographies, 30 families, 70 biographies, 10 forms and 8 books, with a total of 130 articles and more than 526,500 words. Historical Records is the first and most famous biographical general history of China.

Historical Records had a far-reaching influence on the development of later historiography and literature. His original biographical method of compiling history was passed down by the "official history" of later generations. At the same time, Historical Records is an excellent literary work, which occupies an important position in the history of China literature. Lu Xun called it "the historian's swan song, Li Sao has no rhyme."