I. qixia temple

Qixia temple is located at the west foot of Qixia Mountain in Qixia District, Nanjing, surrounded by mountains on three sides and the Yangtze River in the north. It is one of the four famous temples in China, the birthplace of Buddhism "Sanlun Sect", and the Buddhist center of China in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, which is as famous as Jiming Temple and Dingshan Temple in the Southern Dynasties.

Qixia temple was built in the seventh year of Qi Yongming in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. It was originally the private residence of Shao, a hermit in the Southern Qi Dynasty, and the back room was presided over by Zen master. Liang Heshang Lang is known as the ancestor of the three schools of thought in Jiangnan. Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty built a stupa in eighty-three states, and its stupa was built by qixia temple in Jiangzhou.

Qixia temple changed its name several times in history. Formerly known as Qixia Jingshe. In the Tang Dynasty, it was renamed Gongde Temple and Yin Jun qixia temple. In the Southern Tang Dynasty, it was rebuilt in qixia temple and renamed Miao Yin Temple. In the Song Dynasty, it was renamed Puyun Temple and qixia temple, and Yan Yinchong reported to the Buddhist Temple, Jingdezhen qixia temple and Tiger Cave Temple (also called Tiger Cave Mountain because of Qixia Mountain). Ming Hongwu changed his name to qixia temple in five years. In the late Qing Dynasty, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom fought against the Qing soldiers, and qixia temple was destroyed by the war. The existing temples were rebuilt by 19 19.

1in April, 983, qixia temple was identified as a key Buddhist temple in the Han area of China, and Qixia Mountain Branch of China Buddhist College was established in the same year. 1988 1 month, listed as a national key cultural relics protection unit.

Second, Xiaoguo Temple.

The Imperial Palace is located in Chengguan Town, Tiantai County, Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province. Founded in the 18th year of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty (598), it was originally named Tiantai Temple. Later, it was renamed Xiaoguo Temple. The temple covers an area of 73,000 square meters.

Zhi Yue, a monk in Sui Dynasty, founded Tiantai Sect in the National Assembly Temple, which is the birthplace of Tiantai Sect in China and has far-reaching influence at home and abroad. When Jian Zhen crossed to the East, he made a pilgrimage to the Parliament Temple. Japanese monks studying abroad went to Tiantai Mountain to learn Buddhist scriptures and learn Buddhism from Taoism. After returning home, they built Liyan Temple in Hiei Mountain, Japan, founded Tiantai Sect in Japan, and later revered the National Assembly Temple in Tiantai Mountain, Zhejiang as their ancestral home.

The existing buildings of Xiaoguo Temple were rebuilt in the 12th year of Yongzheng (1734). Xiaoguo Temple in Tiantai, Zhejiang, Lingyan Temple in Jinan, qixia temple and dangyang yuquan temple in Nanjing are also called the four wonders of China Temple. There are many eminent monks in the temple, including Master Tang and his party, Hanshan, Shide and Jigong, as well as Master Kong Hai, the founder of Kaizong in Tomi, Japan, and the most sincere master of Kaizong in Japan.

Third, Lingyan Temple

Lingyan Temple is located in Wande Town, Changqing District, Jinan City. It is located in the northwest of Mount Tai. It was founded in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Xiao Ming in the Northern Wei Dynasty was rebuilt in the first year of Zhengxing, reaching its peak in the Tang Dynasty.

Lingyan Temple has beautiful scenery. Wang Shizhen, a writer in the Ming Dynasty, said, "You can't swim unless you climb Mount Tai". There are 40 Lohan clay sculptures in the Thousand Buddha Hall in the temple, including 32 in the Song Dynasty and 8 in the Ming Dynasty. The statues are lifelike and have different shapes, which is called "the first sculpture in the world" by Liang Qichao.

Bizhita was built in Song Chunhua in the fifth year (994) and completed in the second year of Jiayou (1057). It is an octagonal nine-story pavilion-style brick tower with a height of 55.7 meters. Tomb tower forest is the place where the abbot of Lingyan Temple has been buried since the Tang Dynasty. There are 167 tomb towers, 8 1 epitaphs and stone tablets in Tallinn. The status of Lingyan Temple is respected, and Xuanzang once lived in the temple to translate scriptures. Since Tang Gaozong, emperors of all dynasties have visited Mount Tai for meditation and temples.

Fourth, yuquan temple.

Yuquan temple is located at the east foot of Yuquan Mountain, 1/2 km southwest of dangyang city City, Hubei Province, with a central scenic spot of 8.9 square kilometers. According to legend, during the Jian 'an period of the Eastern Han Dynasty, monk Putin built a house here to live. In the Southern Dynasties, Emperor Xuan Di named Yuquan "Fuchuan Mountain Temple". The Sui Dynasty was changed to "yuquan temple". Yuquan temple Daxiong Hall is the largest ancient building in the south of China.

In front of the hall, there are more than ten large-scale Sui iron cultural relics; There is a Guanyin stone statue beside the temple, which was handed down by Wu Daozi, a painter in the Tang Dynasty. The existing Yuquan Pagoda is of great value to the study of China's ancient metallurgical casting, metal anticorrosion, French architecture, architectural mechanics, casting and carving art, and Buddhist history.

Yuquan temple is one of the ancestral halls of Tiantai Sect, a holy place of Buddhism. It was once called "Four Wonders of the World" together with Tiantai National Temple in Zhejiang, Lingyan Temple in Changqing, Shandong and qixia temple in Nanjing, Jiangsu, and "Three Famous Mountains in Chu". 1982, yuquan temple and pagoda were listed as national key cultural relics protection units.

Extended data

Qixia temple covers an area of more than 40 mu, and there are Pilu Hall and Sutra Building serving the Third Hospital. According to the mountain, it rises layer by layer and the pattern is neat and beautiful. In front of qixia temple is an open green lawn, with a mirror-like lake and a crescent-shaped white lotus pond, surrounded by lush trees and flowers, and winding peaks in the distance. The air is fresh and the scenery is quiet and beautiful. The main buildings in the temple are the mountain gate, Maitreya Buddha Hall, Pilubao Hall, Dharma Hall, Buddhist Hall, Buddhist Scripture Building, Jian Zhen Memorial Hall and the stupa. There is a monument to Amin Hui Jun in front of the temple, and there are many places of interest behind the temple, such as Thousand Buddha Rock.

Congress Temple is an official building built in the early Qing Dynasty. Maitreya Hall and Yuhua Hall rest on the top of the mountain with a single eaves, and Daxiong Hall rests on the top of the mountain with a double eaves. Three temples, Luohan Hall and Zen Hall are typical southern hall buildings, while Miaofa Hall, abbot building and welcome tower are a combination of Chinese and western.

Lingyan Temple is located at the foot of Lingyan Mountain at the northern foot of Mount Tai. Lingyan Mountain is one of the twelve branches of Mount Tai, with the main peak 668 meters above sea level. Lingyan Mountain, formerly known as Fangshan, was named after the top flat wall cut. Because it looks like a jade seal, it is also called Yufushan. The sun on the mountain is a full moon and lush Lingyan Valley. The winding mountains extend to the east and west, and Lingyan Temple is located in this green valley.

The mountain around Lingyan Temple is mainly composed of two parts. The lower layer, called crystalline basement, is a medium-coarse grained gneissic adamellite that invaded in the late Archean period 2.4 24. 126 billion years ago. The upper part is called sedimentary cover, which is limestone and shale deposited in Paleozoic CAMBRIAN 600 million years ago. It is not integrated on the crystalline substrate and becomes the main body of the mountain range.

The main buildings in yuquan temple are arranged on an east-west axis. From east to west, there are three major buildings: Tianwang, Daxiong and Pilu. The North Song Tower and Sanyuan Gate House, which face Tianwang Temple across the river, all deviate from this axis to the south. The three buildings are all palace-style buildings. In contrast to the central axis building, the affiliated buildings on the north and south wings have reduced the size of each hall opening, instead of using the gray pipe tile used in the central axis building, small blue tiles have been used instead.

Baidu encyclopedia-four famous temples