Zhu Ruzhen (1870- 1942), a native of Qingyuan, was a jurist in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China.
In the 30th year of Guangxu (1904), he won the second place in the final examination and was awarded the editing by the Hanlin Academy. He is a legendary historical figure.
The older generation of Qingyuan citizens will inevitably mention Zhu Ruzhen when they recall the history of Qingyuan with relish.
It turned out that Zhu Ruzhen was supposed to be the top scholar in the late Qing Dynasty, but because of his name and place of origin, he missed the top scholar-
According to the usual practice, after reading and evaluating all the candidates' papers, Chen Jia Cohen's examiner selected 65,438+00 papers from 273 candidates who took part in the court examination, and presented them to Empress Dowager Cixi in order of ranking (among which Zhu Ruzhen was the first and the second).
Empress Dowager Cixi opened the examination paper listed as the "number one scholar" by the examiner, and saw that the words in the examination paper were smooth and gorgeous, but the font was rough and regular script. Cixi couldn't help shaking her head again and again because she liked sparse and fresh fonts.
When she saw the name "Zhu Ruzhen", a sense of disgust suddenly rose in her heart: Zhu Ruzhen, who was originally from Guangdong, won the championship, reminding her of Lafayette, Hong Xiuquan of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao of the reformists, and Sun Yat-sen who held high the anti-Qing banner ... These people all came from Guangdong, and in the eyes of Cixi, Guangdong was a rebellious place.
In addition, Zhu Ruzhen has the word "true" in his name, and "Zhu" is homophonic with "Zhu".
Princess Zhen supported the reform and improvement of Emperor Guangxu and was pushed into the well and drowned. The word "Zhu Ruzhen" suddenly touched the sensitive nerves of Cixi.
So she threw Zhu Ruzhen's paper aside, and the door to the top scholar was closed to him.
On the contrary, Cixi felt that the name Liu Chunlin was auspicious and he was from Guizhou, so she pushed him to the top spot, and Zhu Ruzhen had to come second.
According to historical records, before entering the exam list, Zhu Ruzhen studied hard, entered the Qingyuan County School as the top scholar in the county exam, and was admitted to Guangya College with excellent results at the age of 22, ranking first in Guangzhou.
At the age of 27, he took the eight public examinations, handed over the first-class imperial examination to seven small officials in Beijing, and won the prize for Jiangsu Division of the Ministry of Punishment, from which he began his career.
After winning the second prize, Zhu Ruzhen was awarded the editor by the Hanlin Academy.
He is different from the legacy of the Qing Dynasty. He is content with the status quo and obsessed with shortcomings, but it is commendable that he can keep pace with the times.
1906, he decided to go to Tokyo University of Political Science and Law for further study, and became a professor at Shi Jing Law School after returning home.
The next year, he took the first judge exam in Guizhou Province.
1930 returned to South China and was employed as a teacher of the University of Hong Kong. 1933 Dean of the Confucius Institute in Hong Kong and principal of the affiliated middle school.
Zhu Ruzhen is not only a student of imperial examinations, but also an anti-Japanese patriot.
When War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression broke out, Zhu Ruzhen was 68 years old. Driven by patriotism, he took an active part in anti-Japanese national salvation activities.
He hosted the Qingyuan meeting in Hong Kong, organized fund-raising and charity performances, and raised money for the Anti-Japanese War.
After the fall of Hong Kong, he refused to cooperate with the Japanese for fear of intimidation and inducement by the Japanese and traitors.
During this period, Zhu Ruzhen, who is old, also launched a steering committee to help refugees displaced by the war leave their hometown.
During the Anti-Japanese War, more than 30,000 Qingyuan people made a living in Hong Kong.
Most of them are farmers who fled from the countryside and fled to Hong Kong.
194 1 After the fall of Hong Kong in February, people were in dire straits and left Hong Kong for the mainland to make a living. Some powerful social organizations also actively assist villagers to return home.
At that time, Qingyuan people in Hong Kong were going back to their hometown, lacking travel expenses. Many people had to sleep on the street begging for food and fell ill in the street.
The celebration hosted by Zhu Ruzhen did everything possible to help the refugees return home.
1942, the Hometown Association organized more than 30,000 Qingyuan refugees to leave their hometown. However, due to the Japanese consciousness at this time, the guild account was frozen, and the funds could not be raised for a while, so the refugees were in an extremely difficult situation.
Later, thanks to Zhu Ruzhen's mediation, the fellow villagers' association solved all the evacuation funds.
1942 during February and March, the first batch of hundreds of refugees arrived in Humen, Dongguan on foot from Kowloon, returned to Guangzhou by boat, and then returned to Qingyuan by bus.
By the end of March, the last batch of refugees had set off smoothly.
Thirty thousand Qingyuan refugees have been saved!
I also learned that Zhu Ruzhen is good at poetry and calligraphy, and his running script is light and peaceful, quiet and refreshing, with a legacy of Jin and Tang Dynasties.
Knowing that there were also calligraphy and painting works, he matched their works into a set called "Four Screens", which became the most famous calligraphy and painting works at that time.
Zhu Ruzhen has written many works, mainly including Introduction to Linz, Rhyme of Linz Surnames, Qingyuan County Records, Yangshan County Records and so on.
Dahegang Xuefa Temple in Qigong Town, Yangshan County, Qingyuan City still retains many stone couplets written by Zhu Ruzhen.
There is such a second place in my hometown.
Needless to say, Zhu Ruzhen is the pride of Qingyuan people!
Qingyuan Museum records Zhu Ruzhen's historical facts.