Current location - Music Encyclopedia - Chinese History - What are the top ten pagodas in China and China?
What are the top ten pagodas in China and China?
In the long history of China, Buddhist culture was introduced into China, and the stupa, an ancient building, was widely respected by Buddhist believers. There are many ancient pagodas in China. Here are ten famous pagodas in China. Let's have a look!

The famous pagoda in the southwest of the Three Pagodas of Chongsheng Temple in Dali, Yunnan Province is located in front of the original Chongsheng Temple in the northwest of Dali, Yunnan Province. The three towers are arranged in a triangle. The giant tower is Chihiro Tower, a hollow brick tower with dense eaves, a square building 16 and a height of 69. 13 meters. There is a coupon niche on the front of each floor of the tower, with a stone Buddha built in, and a copper bowl and a photograph wheel at the top of the tower. The two small towers in the north and south are 10-story octagonal solid brick towers, each 42. 19 meters high. The surface of the tower is coated with white mud and carved with various patterns. Each floor is decorated with carvings such as coupon niches, Buddha statues, lotus flowers, Ruiyun and vases, and there are three copper gourd at the top of each tower. When 1978 and 1980 were rebuilt, more than 600 pieces of cultural relics from Nanzhao and Dali periods were found in the tower.

The Big Wild Goose Pagoda in Xi, Shaanxi Province was built by Tang Yonghui in 652 to preserve the Buddhist scriptures Xuanzang brought back from India. Originally known as Ci 'en Temple Pagoda, the pagoda was later named Yanta according to Indian Buddhist legends and stories recorded in the Records of the Western Regions of Datang. The tower is 64 meters high, and the square, bucket arch and column forehead of the tower are all blue brick imitation wood structures. There are stairs in the tower, and you can spiral up. There are arches on all sides of each floor, which can be overlooked through the railing. There are stone gates at the bottom of the tower, and there are exquisite line carved Buddha statues on the lintel. Ximei's statement picture is engraved with the palace architecture at that time, which is an important material for studying the art of architecture, painting and sculpture in Tang Dynasty. On both sides of the south gate of the tower, Li Shimin's Preface to Tang Sanzang and Chu Suiliang's Preface to Tang Sanzang are inlaid.

Yingxian Wooden Pagoda in Shanxi Province Yingxian Wooden Pagoda is the oldest and tallest existing wooden pagoda at home and abroad. The tower was built in the second year of Qing Ning in Liao Dynasty (AD 1056). The bottom of the tower is 30m in diameter, 67. 13m in height, with five floors and six eaves, and the plane is octagonal. There are 54 different forms of bucket arches in the whole wooden pagoda, which is the most representative pavilion-style stupa in ancient architecture in China. Because of its solid structure, it still stands after more than 900 years and many earthquakes. Pavilion pagoda is characterized by: first, the pagoda is tall; Second, there is a large spacing between floors, and each floor of the pagoda has wooden doors, windows, beams and arches. There are purlins, rafters, flying heads and other imitation wood structures on the tower eaves. There are stairs in the tower for people to climb upstairs and overlook.

Ancient pagodas in Song Dynasty in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Pagoda of Six Harmonies and China. Located in Yue Lun Mountain on the banks of Qiantang River in Hangzhou, Zhejiang. It was founded in the third year of Kaibao in the Northern Song Dynasty (970). The tower is 59.89 meters high, with an octagonal plane, thirteen layers on the outside and seven layers on the inside. There are steps in the tower to reach the top floor. The brick-carved images of flying fairy, musical instrument, sea pomegranate, lotus leaf flower, precious flower, phoenix, lion, unicorn, fairy deer, palindrome, moire, ruyi, etc. are precious materials for studying decorative patterns in the Southern Song Dynasty. There are also the tablets of Shangshu Province in the Southern Song Dynasty and the 42-chapter stone fragments written by 42 writers.

Leifeng Pagoda in Hangzhou, Zhejiang The Leifeng Pagoda near the West Lake in Hangzhou is widely known for the legend of the white snake. 1924 After the collapse of Leifeng Tower, Lu Xun's two essays made it famous all over the world. It turned out that Qian _, the last king of Wu Yueguo, in the second year of Taiping Xingguo (977), in the name of "respecting the Buddha", gathered a group of top craftsmen and began to build the Leifeng Tower on the mountain with the best landscape of the West Lake in the world.

The new Leifeng Tower has five floors, with a height of 7 1 m and an area of 3 1.33 square meters. Its modeling design is based on the appearance after the reconstruction of the Southern Song Dynasty, and it is an octagonal pavilion tower.

Lingguang Tower in Changbai County, Jilin Province is located on a platform at the southern end of Tashan Mountain in the northwest suburb of Changbai Town, Changbai County, Jilin Province. It was built in the Bohai Sea during the Tang Dynasty (698 -926). It is the oldest ancient pagoda in Northeast China and the most representative historical relic left by Bohai State in Tang Dynasty. It is a square pavilion-style brick tower, with decorative bricks on all sides under the eaves of the bottom floor, and square straight lattice windows in the middle of all sides from the second floor to the fifth floor, which is quite Tang style. Lingguang Tower is about 13 meters high, and the tower foundation is an equilateral quadrilateral, five stories high and blue brick structure. The spire is plain. The pagoda is condescending, and the Yalu River flows day and night under its feet, reaching the ancient pagoda and overlooking the scenery of one river and two countries. The tower is of great historical value to the study of culture and architecture in Bohai period.

Huqiu Huqiu in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, also known as Yunyan Temple Pagoda, was built in the ninth year of Renshou of Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty (60 1). The existing Tiger Hill was built from the eighth year of Ganyou in the last week to the second year of Song Jianlong (959-96 1). This tower is a plane octagon with seven floors. Tiger Hill is now 47.5 meters high. The tower is made of bricks and weighs more than 6,000 tons. According to records, due to the foundation, Tiger Hill has been tilted to the northwest since the Ming Dynasty (1368- 1644), and the center of the tower top is 2.3 away from the center of the tower bottom.

M, with an inclination of 2_40', is called "the leaning tower of Pisa in the East".

The Guling Tower in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province is the tallest and most beautiful tower in Nanjing, with eight sides and nine floors. It is made of reinforced concrete and Suzhou Jinshan granite. The Guling Pagoda, formerly known as the Memorial Pagoda for fallen soldiers, was built in 193 1. This is an important part of the cemetery for fallen soldiers. Ancient Lingbao Tower is a novel and unique pagoda, 66 meters high, with nine floors and eight sides, and each floor is covered with green glazed tiles. All floors are surrounded by granite corridors, and there is a spiral escalator in the middle of the tower, which can reach the ninth floor along 252 steps. The tower is beautiful in shape, elegant and solemn, with national style and characteristics, and has been highly praised by people from all walks of life.

Kaifeng Tower, Kaifeng Tower in Henan Province, formerly known as Kaibao Temple Tower, was built in the Northern Song Dynasty (A.D. 1049) and has a history of 900 years. It is famous for its outstanding architectural art at home and abroad, and completely adopts the traditional wooden structure of China. Tower

55.88 meters, the whole body is made of colored glazed bricks, and the brick surface is decorated with dozens of vivid patterns such as flying sky, unicorn, geisha music, etc. It has the reputation of "the first tower in the world". Kaifeng Tower is famous for its outstanding architectural art. Because its appearance is all inlaid with brown glazed tiles, it looks like iron from a distance, and it looks like iron casting, so it has been called "iron tower" by the people since the Yuan Dynasty.

Anqing vibration tower, Anhui Anqing vibration tower is located near the Yangtze River, known as the first tower of the Yangtze River, which was built in the Ming Dynasty and has a history of more than 400 years. This tower is a pavilion-style masonry structure with seven-story octagonal buildings, with an altitude of 82.74 meters and a tower height of 60.86.

rice. The width and height of each layer contract from bottom to top, and the overall outline is conical. There are 168 steps in the tower, which spiral up to the top floor. The tower doors of each floor are staggered, the platform is surrounded by white stone railings, and the eaves of each floor are hung with wind. Tasha consists of an octagonal sumeru, a round cover bowl, a spherical five-wheel and a gourd-shaped vase. In the tower, Amitabha, Maitreya and Five Dhyani Buddhas were introduced to the west. Brick-carved Buddha statues, 1000 statues of historical myths and stories and 54 inscriptions are embedded in the tower. This tower stands on the river and enjoys the reputation of "the first tower of the Yangtze River" and "Don't mention the tower after Anqing".

Song Yue Temple Tower in Dengfeng, Henan Province belongs to the national key cultural relics protection unit. It is located in Song Yue Temple at the south foot of Songshan Mountain, 5 kilometers northwest of Dengfeng City, Zhengzhou City. It was built in the fourth year of Zheng Guang in the Northern Wei Dynasty (AD 523), and the top of the tower was rebuilt in the Tang Dynasty. After 1400 years of wind and rain erosion, this tower still stands tall. It is the earliest existing brick tower in China, and it is also an isolated case among the ancient pagodas in China. Song Yue Temple Tower is a brick tower with dense eaves, and it is also the only dodecagonal tower. Its nearly circular plane is divided into upper and lower sections, which is quite close to India's "stupa" and is the early form of dense eaves pagoda.

Hoonji Pagoda in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, was rebuilt in Shaoxing during the Southern Song Dynasty (1131~1162), with nine-story octagonal buildings and wooden eaves. It is an important scene of Nanjiang (now Suzhou) city, which has been engraved in the monument of Pingjiang Map. The inside of the Baoen Temple Tower is a double-layer sleeve, each floor of the octagonal tower center has a square tower room, and the wooden ladder is arranged in the cloister between the double-layer sleeves; Each floor has a railing with a flat seat, and there are two steps at the bottom (a corridor around the tower). These are similar to Sagata in Shanxi. However, the eaves of the second step and the tower on the first floor are inclined downward without double eaves. Unlike Sakyamuni. Each side of the brick tower is divided into three rooms with a door in the middle. The wooden structure was rebuilt in Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty, with towering eaves and many eaves columns added to the platform, which has partially changed the original state. There is a wall between the secondary columns, with a plane diameter of 30 meters, similar to Sagata; The tower is 76 meters high, nearly 9 meters higher than Sagata. Although the scale of the whole tower is huge, the number of floors is four more than that of Sagata, and the proportion is also higher and thinner than that of Sagata. In addition, the eaves are held high, which also contains elegant charm in the grandeur and still embodies the architectural art style of Jiangnan.

Shaolin Temple in Tallinn, Dengfeng, Henan is the tomb of monks in Shaolin Temple, which is very famous in Buddhism. After the death of outstanding monks, they put ashes or bones into the underground palace and built towers on it to show their merits. The height, size and number of stories of the pagoda are mainly determined by the Buddhist attainments, prestige and merits of the monks before their death. There are 232 towers in Tallinn, Shaolin Temple, covering an area of1.4000 square meters. After Tang, Song, Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, it is the largest, largest and most valuable ancient pagoda complex in China. The number of floors of the tower is different, generally from one to seven, and the height is about less than l5 meters, with square, hexagonal and octagonal shapes. There are cylinders and vertebral bodies; There are linear and parabolic shapes; It has a bottle body and a trumpet shape. These pagodas are representative works in different historical periods, and they are a treasure house for comprehensive study of ancient architecture, calligraphy and sculpture in China.