From the beginning of the 3rd century to the end of the 6th century (229-589), six Han regimes, namely Sun Wu, Eastern Jin, Southern Song, Qi, Liang and Chen, successively established their capitals in Nanjing (in addition, Huanchu regime established after Huan Xuan abolished the Eastern Jin Dynasty also established its capital as Jiankang, but Huanchu was generally not among the six dynasties), which is called "Six Dynasties" in history.
During the Six Dynasties, literature and conversation, calligraphy and painting, tomb stone carving art and science and technology constituted the classics of China traditional culture. The culture of the Southern Dynasties, represented by Jiankang, is regarded as the two centers of human classical civilization at the same time as the western ancient Roman culture.
During the six dynasties, there were frequent wars in the north, and the society suffered serious damage, while there were fewer wars in the south, and the society was relatively stable. In addition, a large number of northerners crossed the south, which increased a large number of labor, brought more advanced production technology to the Central Plains, and created a good social environment for the rapid social and economic development in the south, especially in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. ?
In the autumn and September of the first year of Wu Huanglong (222), Sun Quan, Emperor Wu, made Jianye (now Nanjing) its capital, and Nanjing became the capital of the feudal dynasty for the first time. Since then, Song, Qi, Liang and Chen of the Eastern Jin and Southern Dynasties have successively established their capitals here. During the Six Dynasties, the southern economy and culture developed rapidly and made great achievements.
Extended data
The Six Dynasties is an extremely important era, connecting the Qin and Han Dynasties and the Sui and Tang Dynasties.
The Six Dynasties was an era when the Han nationality was formally formed and stepped onto the historical stage.
The Six Dynasties is an era of changeable political power struggles, such as "giving up" and life fate drifting, such as "turning loose".
The Six Dynasties was a period when the Han nationality and the southern minorities were united. In the vast and fertile areas, they absorbed advanced technology, moved to Wuyue Elf, and actively developed, so that the output gradually exceeded that of the north.
The Six Dynasties was an era in which boats followed the road, merchants made friends and marine culture rose.
The Six Dynasties saw sericulture and weaving techniques smuggled into Europe through the Middle East, Roman glassware introduced into China, and there were special exchanges between the East and the West.
As an early inheritor of Indian religious philosophy and belief, China flourished and spread in Jianghuai area before Beijing (now Xi 'an) and Luoyang (now Luoyang) in the Central Plains. Many foreign monks and lecturers came to Jiankang one after another, and there were many Buddhist temples in Beijing, which deeply influenced the era of China culture.
The Six Dynasties were imperial capitals with palaces all over the country, and the population soared to 280,000. The gondolas in the city hall were knotted, drums were sung (sound omen, meaning paddle) and hubs were turned (sound shares, meaning the central part of the wheel). The city market was crowded and all kinds of tools were used. Handmade business (sound train, meaning equality) is in Chang 'an and Luoyang.
The Six Dynasties was an era of rapid development of science and technology, with great progress in mining and metallurgy, steelmaking, machinery, shipbuilding, textile, porcelain burning and other industries.
The Six Dynasties was the teaching of Confucianism, metaphysics, history and literature in Chinese studies, and established the earliest branch university in the world. For the first time, the status of literature was raised to the height of Confucian classics. Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism rejected each other and absorbed each other, and scholars and officials discussed and argued with each other. The academic atmosphere is free and lively, and scholars are broad-minded and generous.
The Six Dynasties was a time when pen, ink, paper and inkstone were all available. Paper eventually replaced bamboo slips, and calligraphy became an art, from official script to regular script.
We can add a little more. It was tea that began to be consumed and gradually spread to the northern region, and it became a "national drink" in the Tang Dynasty and spread to neighboring countries.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Six Dynasties