The full text consists of seven sections, which can be divided into four parts. The first part (Section 1) firstly introduces Zhan Tianyou, an outstanding patriotic engineer in China, and his achievements. The second part (Section II-Section IV) describes that Zhan Tianyou was appointed as the chief engineer of railway construction despite the continuous obstruction of the imperialists. The third part (Section IV-Section VI) This is the key part of the full text. It is about Zhan Tianyou's creative work, which has overcome many engineering problems. The fourth part (section 7) wrote that the railway was completed ahead of schedule, which gave a powerful counterattack to the imperialists who despised China.
The selection of materials is typical and clear, and the materials are arranged by the method of general description first and then specific description, and written in the order of things. The text revolves around the central sentence "Zhan Tianyou is an outstanding patriotic engineer in China" and selects typical cases to show Zhan Tianyou's patriotism and Excellence.
The embodiment of patriotism. At that time, the Qing government was corrupt and incompetent, and China was invaded and bullied by imperialism. "At that time, the Qing government had just put forward a construction plan, and some imperialist countries came out to obstruct it. They all want to compete for the right to build this railway and want to further control the northern part of our country. " There seems to be a dispute over building a railway, but behind it lies the wolf ambition of imperialism to invade China. They even threatened that "if the Qing government used its own engineers to build railways, they would stop asking questions". They think that if such threats are made, China's railways will not be able to start, and they will have to rely on them in the end. At this critical juncture, Zhan Tianyou stepped forward and undertook the task of building the railway from Beijing to Zhangjiakou. In the eyes of imperialism, it is a joke for China people to build their own railways. Some foreign newspapers even said contemptuously, "China engineers who can build a railway north of Nankou have not yet been born!" That's because the environment of Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway is dangerous, with "deep mountains and rivers and steep cliffs" along the way, and even famous engineers all over the world "dare not try it easily". It is conceivable that this railway is difficult to cast! Such an arduous task, Zhan Tianyou accepted the task under great pressure, which is supported by his patriotic belief in his heart! Patriotic feelings, vividly on paper.
A display of outstanding talents. Zhan Tianyou is called an outstanding engineer because of his outstanding talent. The tense railway construction has encountered formidable difficulties, but Zhan Tianyou is not afraid of difficulties and hardships. He personally took students and workers to carry benchmarks and theodolite, fixed points on cliffs, surveying and mapping, and worked day and night. His pioneering spirit and selfless working attitude left a deep impression on people, which enabled him to lead workers to master first-hand survey data and ensure the smooth progress of the project. The design of digging tunnels and herringbone lines further embodies his outstanding talent. Faced with many difficulties, Zhan Tianyou tried his best to overcome and solve them. He found that "Juyongguan Mountain is high and the rock stratum is thick", so he decided to "adopt the method of simultaneous excavation from both ends to the middle"; "The spring water at the top of the mountain seeps downwards" and "there is no water pump on the construction site", so he "takes the lead in carrying buckets to drain water"; Badaling Tunnel is 1 100 meters long, and he "decided to adopt the central sinking method". The ingenious method shortens the construction period by half, but improves the efficiency. "The railway passes near Qinglong Bridge, and the slope is very steep." What if the train can't climb such a high slope? Zhan Tianyou once again gave full play to his outstanding talent and designed a herringbone line, which made it much easier for trains to climb mountains.
Strong patriotism and outstanding talent enabled Zhan Tianyou to complete the task of building a railway in less than four years, which gave a powerful counterattack to imperialism that despised China and won a sigh of relief for the people of China. In the face of the facts, what we can see is that Zhan Tianyou is indeed an outstanding patriotic engineer. In reading teaching, we can grasp these two characteristics of Zhan Tianyou and taste by understanding words and sentences.
This article echoes before and after, and the structure is rigorous. At the beginning of the article, Zhan Tianyou is an outstanding patriotic engineer in China, who presided over the construction of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway. At the end, it tells that the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway was completed ahead of schedule, which gave a powerful counterattack to imperialism and the memory of Zhan Tianyou for future generations. This conclusion not only emphasizes the significance brought by the successful construction of Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway, but also further shows that Zhan Tianyou is an outstanding patriotic engineer in China. The end takes care of the beginning and echoes from beginning to end, giving people a complete and rigorous feeling. When reading, they feel that the whole text is coherent, compact and concentrated. Such writing characteristics can bring enlightenment to students' independent writing.