The folk name of the Gold Medal Free from Death is officially called "Golden Book Iron Voucher" or "Danshu Iron Voucher", and it is also called "Golden Book Iron Voucher", "Golden Voucher", "Silver Voucher" and "World Voucher" in ancient times, and it is called "Iron Voucher" in the province. Dan Shu: written with cinnabar; Iron deed: certificate made of iron. The ancient emperors gave the hero a voucher to enjoy preferential treatment or exemption from punishment from generation to generation. The diploma was written in Dan on the iron plate, hence the name. In order to win the trust and prevent forgery, the iron coil was cut open, and the court and the vassal each kept half. After the Tang dynasty, the iron coil was not a Dan book, but was embedded with gold. The Record of Dropping Out of Farming records the iron coil given by Qian Liu, the king of the Tang Dynasty, which is shaped like a tile, more than three feet high and three feet wide, and the word is inlaid with gold. The oath includes titles, official positions, achievements, etc. And engraved with "Qing pardons nine deaths, children and grandchildren three deaths, or commits regular punishment, the company is not responsible." The iron coils of the Ming Dynasty were made according to the Tang system, but "the so-called death penalty is exempted, except for rebellion." However, after the exemption, the salary of the leather knight was changed, but it was not allowed to be sealed, but he borrowed his life. "(Ye Di Bian by Shen Defu in the Ming Dynasty) originated from the allusion of" Imperial Warrior in the Book of Dan ",which was a kind of certificate with the nature of reward and covenant awarded by feudal emperors to important officials with meritorious service. It is similar to the medal (or medal) popular in modern times, but its shape is slightly different and its connotation is wider. But from the origin, function and nature, iron coupons are the embryonic form of medals. Tracing back to the form of the iron coupon system, it originated from the Bronze Festival in the Warring States Period. The word "iron coupon" first appeared in the history books "Biography of Emperor Gaozu" and "Biography of Ji Zun", and was called "iron deed of Dan book" and "iron coupon of Dan book". Cheng Dachang's "Fan Yanlu" said that iron coupons are as strong as cylindrical tiles and iron gold characters, and the two coupons are integrated into one. The left voucher is sent to the payee for preservation, and the right voucher is hidden in the palace or ancestral temple. Under special circumstances, the two coupons will be combined to verify the authenticity and prevent forgery. However, judging from the earliest existing iron coupons, by the late Tang Dynasty, the sharing system of iron coupons had changed, and the cylindrical tile shape had been covered with tiles, so it was no longer collected separately. According to historical records, as early as the Western Han Dynasty, after Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang seized power, in order to consolidate his rule and win over heroes, he was awarded an iron coupon for Dan Shu as a reward. At that time, there was no promise of exemption from punishment and death, but it was only used as a voucher for sealing Hou. From the Southern and Northern Dynasties to the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty awarded the imperial clan and the near ministers with iron coupons to protect themselves and their families. During the Song, Qi, Liang and Chen Dynasties, it was a common phenomenon to issue iron coupons. After Sui and Tang Dynasties, issuing iron coupons has become a routine system. All the founding fathers, ZTE heroes and ethnic minority leaders have given iron coupons, as well as pet officials and eunuchs. By the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, the issuance of iron coupons was gradually complete. Since the Ming dynasty, there has been a whole set of systems. The imperial court divided them into seven grades according to their meritorious service and the rank of important officials, and awarded them iron coupons according to their grades, which could not exceed. Generally, the contents of the iron coupon seal include four aspects: first, the date of the coupon, the name of the payee, the official title and the city where it is located; Second, record the meritorious service of the grantee to the court; The third is the privilege granted by the emperor to the grantee, such as avoiding death; Fourth, the emperor swore an oath. According to the relevant laws of North Korea, heroes, courtiers and their descendants who hold iron coupons can enjoy various privileges granted by the emperor. The words on the iron coupon were filled with cinnabar in the Han Dynasty, that is, "Dan Shu Tie Qi"; Liang wrote in silver, that is, "silver coupon"; In the Sui Dynasty, characters were written in gold, also called "golden coupons", so later generations called iron coupons "golden book iron coupons", and because iron coupons can be passed down from generation to generation, they were also called "world coupons". The earliest existing iron coupon is the five dynasties Qian Miao iron coupon of Wu Yue Wang collected by the China History Museum, which has a history of 1000 years. It is reported that this iron ticket was awarded to Qian Miao by Tang Zhaozong in 896 AD as a reward for Qian Miao, king of wuyue, for his exploits in cracking down on Dong Chang. Cast iron, shaped like a shingle, is 29.8 cm long, 52 cm wide, 2.4 1 cm thick and weighs about 132. It is embedded with 350 gold characters and 25 lines of characters, each line is 14 characters. The full text is very complicated, and cash characters are often stripped. The main content of the Iron Voucher is to record the achievements of the grantee in conquering Dong Chang. Because of its great contribution to the imperial court, "the Qing dynasty pardoned nine deaths, and the descendants died three times" (meaning that the emperor could save money for nine deaths), which was a reward and token given by the emperor to his lieutenants. Since then, no matter how its form evolved and how rich its content was, the purpose of China's ancient iron coupons has never gone beyond the category of "showing virtue and showing righteousness, knowing customs and leading the world", which is consistent with the meaning of modern medals and medals. The historical evolution began with Emperor Gaozu, followed by later generations. It turned out that Dan was written on an iron plate, hence the name. The hipster is just a kind of seal and honorary certificate issued to the liegeman. After the Northern and Southern Dynasties, it had the function of avoiding sin and death. The Western Wei Dynasty also gave secret gifts to people who wanted to join the army as a guarantee of their privileges after joining the army, which was passed down from generation to generation. The system was clearly defined in the Tang Dynasty. The past dynasties have different shapes, and the world is basically like the Tang system. Iron coupons in the Jin Dynasty, such as rolling tiles, lettering and painting columns, are filled with gold, half of which are given to heroes and half of which are left in the imperial palace, combined with royal treasures. In the second year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1369), due to the gains and losses of the Tang system, he was named as a hero, which was divided into seven grades. Male second class, one foot high and one foot six inches wide; One is nine inches five minutes high and one foot six inches wide. Third class, one is nine inches high and one foot five inches and five minutes wide; One is eight inches and five minutes high and one foot and five inches wide; One is eight inches high and one foot four inches wide for five minutes. "Second class, one is seven inches five minutes high and one foot three inches five minutes wide; One is six inches and five minutes high and one foot and two inches and five minutes wide. The external engraving gives the hero a resume and many favors, while the middle engraving exempts him from punishment and reduces his salary. Fourth-class title, those who help Mao set the world, say that the founding of the country is helpful; From Chengzu's point of view, it is hard to push sincerity to say "Fengtian Jing"; The rest are Fengtian Yi Yun Tuicheng and Fengtian Tuicheng. Chen Wu said it was Li Xuan Chen Wu, while Chen Wen said to keep the text. These words are embedded in gold. All 97 pairs, divided into two parts, the hero is rewarded on the left, and the right is hidden in the inner government. If something happens, they will be combined to win the trust. Hongwu three years, given six iron coupons, Hou 28 people; Twenty-five years, iron coupons were restructured and given to my father-in-law. At the beginning of Yongle, there were also people who contributed to Jingnan.