The lunar calendar, that is, the current traditional calendar in China, belongs to the yin-yang calendar, that is, the lunar calendar and the solar calendar. According to the change cycle of the moon phases, each moon phase changes to one month, taking the tropical year of the sun as the length of a year, and adding 24 solar terms and setting leap months to make the average calendar year adapt to the tropical year. Sunday, June 65438+1October 2 1 2024 is an illegal holiday. The lunar calendar is the year of Guimao, the ugly month, and Shen Jiari (the eleventh day of the twelfth lunar month).
The combination of lunar calendar and solar calendar in lunar calendar forms the method of combining yin and yang. Because of the use of "Xia Zheng", it was called Li Xia in ancient times. The current lunar calendar was renamed as "Summer Calendar" after 1970. Calculated by Purple Mountain Observatory of China Academy of Sciences, the national standard "Compilation and Promulgation of Lunar Calendar" was promulgated in 20 17.
Using the new calendar, the years are divided into flat year and leap year, flat year 12 months and leap year 13 months. Month is divided into big month and small month, with 30 days in big month and 29 days in small month, and the average calendar month is equal to the full moon.
The historical origin of the lunar calendar
The ancients observed the movement law of astronomical phenomena, and adopted the era of dry branches in ancient times. According to Wan Mingying, a historian of Ming Dynasty, it was invented when the branches were determined to be royalty according to the clear records in ancient Chinese literature, and it was recorded in detail in his book "Three Children's Singing Meetings". The invention of trunks and branches marked the emergence of the most primitive calendar, which was used to calculate the age by numbers. In the pre-Qin period, all localities had their own calendars. The Qin calendar was used in the Qin Dynasty and the early Han Dynasty, and the leap month was placed after September, which was called "post-September".
In the first year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the leap month was placed in the month without gas in a year as the leap month of the previous month. China's calendar has undergone a major turning point since Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and the national unified calendar has become a relatively independent science and technology. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty instructed, Luo and others to discuss and create the "Han Li", which took him seven years to complete.