Huangpu River flows from southwest to northeast, with southwest as upstream and northeast as downstream. At present, there is still a "Sea Temple" on Haimen Road and Kunming Road of Tilanqiao. When Shanghai was a fishing village, it was a fishing place. Jiangnan locals call it "going to sea", so there is a place called "going to sea". Which side of Shiliupu is upstream is "Shanghai". As we all know, China people have a strong sense of region. Like factories in other places, there were only over 10,000 people at that time, including Shanghainese, Ningbo people, Shandong people, Anhui people and so on. In this way, there are more people who pay attention to status and rank in Shanghai. Most concessions are in the southwest, and the rich also live in the southwest. Most big factories live in the northeast, and the poor live in the northeast. Therefore, around the 1930s. People call the place where comprador, foreigner and celebrity gather as the upper corner, which mainly refers to the luxury residential area with Huaihai Road as the center and facing southwest, while the poor residential area with Zhabei and Heather District as the center and facing northeast is called the lower corner. Hongkou district is also in the next corner. In fact, the upper corner and the lower corner of old Shanghai are often very close. It is formed on both sides of a river or on which street, separated by a street (or a river), as if two worlds. This is also the fundamental reason why there is no specific distinction between the upper angle and the lower angle, which has been changing. Shanghai CCCC pointed out that the literati in old Shanghai could not afford to live in the upper corner and looked down on the lower corner. They live in the area of Sichuan North Road in Hongkou District. They think that the upper corner is where the rich live and the lower corner is where the poor live, so the place where Shanghainese who are neither rich nor poor live should be called the middle corner. Although the upper corner is not the lower corner, it is much more respectable than the lower corner. The upper corner, the lower corner and the middle corner are the real pattern of Shanghai. However, before liberation, this statement had no market. After liberation, the concept of the lower corner was reduced to places where Su Beiren was concentrated, such as Zhabei and Heather. (Note: Actually, I didn't mean to look down on Su Beiren. I also married a husband to work in Su Beiren), so the argument of the lower corner is self-defeating. The reason why some netizens say that Hongkou District is not a corner is also right, which is why it comes. The main difference between the upper corner and the lower corner lies in social life and culture. The difference between the upper corner and the lower corner is not to build several beautiful houses, but a way of life and social and cultural habits. This is also the reason why Pudong has been built so fast in recent years. Speaking of which, most of the tallest buildings in Shanghai are in Pudong, but no one thinks Pudong is the upper corner yet. Speaking of the next corner, Mr. Lu Xun's wonderful pen is the best description: "When you walk into your alley, you will see urinals, eating loads, flies flying in groups, children making trouble in groups, causing violence and swearing." What a noisy little world. " There are 72 famous tenants in Shanghai, that is to say, the "second landlord" in the corner next door divides the house into various small rooms with small attics on them, in order to accommodate more people. The kitchen and bathroom are public, and the tenants are mostly people who come to Shanghai from other places to make a living or flee. Therefore, the people who live here have complex composition and poor living conditions, and naturally there are many quarrels. They are quite willing to make trouble, and really for fun. In the "upper corner", there are mostly quiet and elegant high-end alleys. Except for some boys and children in a white phase, few people stop here. People who live here don't visit and neighbors don't come and go. Occasionally, three or two people get together and talk in a low voice, mostly "aunt" or "grandfather" of a certain family. If a door suddenly opens to welcome guests or see them off, people just pretend to take a casual look and won't look. People hate the next corner, which is why they long for the last corner. For a long time, we didn't hear the new upper corner and lower corner, but suddenly one day, we were surprised to find that "upper corner" and "lower corner" always existed. Zhu Xueqin, a famous professor at Shanghai University, said: "From the perspective of civilians rather than officials or literati, it is easy for the city to discover a secret: Shanghai's municipal construction investment only depends on the total investment per unit area, and the southwest part of the city, which is today's Xujiahui, far exceeds the northwest and northeast regions. From the production point of view, most factories in this city are located in Yangpu and Zhabei in the northeast; From the perspective of cultural production, most colleges and universities are concentrated in the northeast, but the investment in municipal construction in the new period is far less than that in Xuhui District in the southwest. In the past, the' upper corner' and' lower corner' continued to this day, which I called:' leaning to the southwest'. " Think about it, Hongkou District finally found a shopping street on Sichuan North Road. Although it is already the third famous shopping street in Shanghai, it is still called "civilian shopping street". Although Zhapu Road Food Street outshines others, it finally had to give way to huanghe road Food Street. Alas! Shanghai is changing with each passing day, at the same time, the upper corner and the lower corner have returned to Shanghai's field of vision. Is this really a blessing or a curse for Shanghainese? When it comes to this place, I think everyone wants to know how the upper corner and the lower corner are divided now. Shanghai has 17 districts and 1 county: Huangpu District, Luwan District, Xuhui District, Changning District, Jing 'an District, Putuo District, Zhabei District, Hongkou District, Yangpu District, Baoshan District, Minhang District, Jiading District, Pudong New Area, Songjiang District, Jinshan District, Qingpu District, Fengxian District and Chongming County. The distribution areas of Xinshangjiao are: Huangpu District, Luwan District, Jing 'an District, Xuhui District and Changning District. The distribution areas of New Summer Jiao are Baoshan District, Minhang District, Jiading District and Songjiang District. This division is based on the recognition of cultural life and social customs. It seems that our Hongkou District is neither up nor down, but I am still proud that I am from Hongkou District. In fact, it is difficult to distinguish between the upper corner and the lower corner. Some people say that there has never been a book or a summary that can make Shanghainese in Huaihai Road in Luwan District and Gonghexin Road in Zhabei District agree that they are talking about Shanghai, and even Shanghainese in Huaihai West Road and those living in Huaihai East Road cannot agree. I think my anecdotes about "upper corner" and "lower corner" are the same, so as to attract jade. When will Shanghai's "Tilting to the Southwest" end —— The historical pain of "Upper Corner" and "Lower Corner" —— The representative of Shanghai Municipal People's Congress and the chairman of Shanghai Real Estate Development Co., Ltd. submitted a proposal entitled "Shanghai's" Tilting to the Southwest "to the ongoing Shanghai" Two Sessions ",which caused widespread repercussions among the delegates. It is reported that Roy Company is a company specializing in real estate development. Ji himself is a representative of the Municipal People's Congress and vice chairman of Zhabei District Federation of Industry and Commerce. In this proposal numbered 052, he reflected that Shanghai's urban construction has changed with each passing day in the past five years and won the attention and praise of the world. However, the unbalanced development of Shanghai's urban construction is another reality that has to be admitted. As far as the total investment per unit area is concerned, the southwest part of the city, namely Xuhui, Changning, Luwan, Minhang and Songjiang, far exceeds Yangpu, Zhabei and Baoshan in the northeast. In the past, the Huangpu River divided Shanghai into "two worlds". Today, I'm afraid the Suzhou River divides Shanghai into "two worlds". Why does the article "Tilting Southwest" written by Professor Yu Wujin of Fudan University have such a great influence on the media and internet outside Shanghai? Because everyone knows that this is a "secret" of Shanghai. The proposal holds that Shanghai's "leaning to the southwest" is not only caused by the existing policies, but also the historical traces left by colonial culture. The original concessions in Shanghai were Nanjing Road and Huaihai Road, and Yangpu, Zhabei and Baoshan in the northeast were all factories. Today, we should ask questions without evading the facts. When will the "upper corner" and "lower corner" formed in the colonial era be bridged? It is reported that there are more than 4,000 high-rise buildings built and under construction in Shanghai, and most of the landmark buildings are concentrated in the southwest of Pudong and Lujiazui. The imbalance between urban construction areas in Shanghai and the imbalance between the central city and the suburbs were mentioned by many CPPCC members and NPC representatives during the "two sessions" in Shanghai this year, so this is a topic of general concern. Ji believes that it is impossible for some parts of Shanghai to take the lead in entering world-class cities, and the development of cities must emphasize balance. At present, Shanghai is facing a new climax of urban construction. In order to embody the idea of "Theory of Three Represents", the new government can make a series of adjustments in urban development, with more "timely help" and less "icing on the cake". Ji suggested that, first, the volume ratio of high-rise buildings and buildings should not be controlled across the board, and Shanghai should control the total number of high-rise buildings. Yangpu, Zhabei and Baoshan District are not only short of urban landmark high-rise buildings, but also very few modern high-rise buildings. So we can't control high-rise buildings across the board. Similarly, the building floor area ratio cannot be across the board. The task of old city reconstruction faced by the new government is still very heavy. However, the relocation expenses of the north and south of Suzhou Creek are different. If the building floor area ratio is across the board, no one will do it north of Suzhou Creek, and the historical task of rebuilding the old city north of Suzhou Creek will not be completed. It is difficult for citizens crowded in the old Shikumen with narrow space to really bid farewell to the mentality of "72 tenants". Under this material condition, it is difficult for city leaders to put forward the idea of "being a lovely Shanghainese", and it is even more difficult to bridge the historical pain of "upper corner" and "lower corner". Ji also suggested whether the World Expo could be held in Chongming instead. Chongming is the "Great Northern Wilderness" in Shanghai, and the river crossing project is about to start. Without the modernization of Chongming, there can be no real modernization of Shanghai. For example, the relocation of the World Expo to Chongming will boost the economies of Pudong, Baoshan, Zhabei and Yangpu by several times and dozens of times compared with the original plan, and will also greatly increase the land price in northern Shanghai. From the perspective of balanced development, this will not only turn the land of Shanghai16 into a hot spot, but also enable 800,000 Chongming people to share the fruits of modernization with more than 80,000 Changxing and Hengsha people, and truly change the historical embarrassment of Shanghai's "leaning to the southwest". In the eyes of old Shanghainese, many things are very valuable. There used to be a difference between the upper corner and the lower corner. Shangjiao refers to the place where comprador, foreigner and celebrity live together, which is relatively quiet and close to downtown areas, such as Yuyuan Road, Hunan Road and Qing Yu Road. There are too many people in the lower corner, and the public security is complicated. Most of them are places where poor people gather in cloth. Usually the name is X's alley or something. And the upper and lower angles are usually very close. Across the street, it seems like two worlds. At that time, people living in the upper corner of Shanghai were rich and powerful, so the buildings were more beautiful, the streets would be neat and beautiful, and there was no need to worry about public security. The so-called granary, you know the etiquette. In the lower corner, especially where the poor gather, the streets are narrow, the buildings are dilapidated and the environment is poor. Because of the poor sanitary habits of residents, there are even petty thefts and fights, so it is chaotic. Law and order cannot be guaranteed. The important reason is that the government has different allocation of public resources, different social wealth and different quality of residents. So many people admire the upper corner and belittle the lower corner. However, the upper angle and the lower angle are not static. In the next corner, if the house is rebuilt and people with money and status live in it, it will become the last corner; If a large number of poor people live in the upper corner, in a sense, it is not so high. Shanghai's old-fashioned Upper Corner, such as Hunan Road Street, after liberation, the original owners fled abroad, and many families lived in big houses. How much better can this upper corner be at this time? In recent years, new residential areas, such as Gubei and Xijiao, have a long history. Newer ones, such as Biyun and Yang Lian, can be regarded as the top corners of new students because of their beautiful environment and high quality residents. Many people think that the more expensive the house price, the higher the grade. Actually, there is also a misunderstanding. Today's Shanghai, the closer to the city center, the more expensive the house price, the most typical of which is the inner, middle and outer rings, and between the three rings, the house price is almost geometrically multiplied. Let's take a look at Shipyard Road outside Zhongshan South Road, Taiyangshan Road in the railway station and Shouning Road in Huaihai Road business circle, all of which are central urban areas. After 6 o'clock every night on Dongxin Road, the sidewalk on the side of Wuning Road will be completely occupied by vendors. Pedestrians can only take non-motor vehicle lanes, and the roads for several kilometers are noisy and chaotic. Many residents who go shopping in summer are men who fight with their bare hands and women who wear pajamas. All this reminds people of Tiexi District, Shenyang. There is also a workers' cultural palace on Wuning Road in the west of Shanghai. At present, there are few workers' cultural palaces in Shanghai, so the professional level and education level of indigenous people in this area are not high, many middle-aged people are laid off and many young people are unemployed. If there is a saying that there is only a corner above, then unfortunately this place is a typical corner below; There are Bai Yulu and Tanjiadu in the inner ring, where pheasants gather in large numbers and the public security is complicated; Aren't these places the worst corners in Shanghai? Even in Xujiahui, because of several it hypermarkets, there are a large number of commercial and residential buildings along Caoxi North Road, and the flow of people is complicated and the elevators are overwhelmed. Because there are food stalls and restaurants along Tianyaoqiao Road, it is also very dirty, and neon lights change the color of the sky at night; It lacks some typical features of the upper corner: quiet and clean, dim at night, and several beautiful small streets. Look at COSCO Bay City again. The average price of this property was around 15000 before the policy regulation, which should be considered relatively expensive. But obviously, its level is not as good as that of Yang Lian. This factor is more complicated, firstly, because the geographical location is close to the radiation circle of the railway station, and secondly, the housing density is too high, so people jokingly call it the Bastille. Finally, because the original price of this plate is only 3000-4000, many relocated households come in. Two bay cities are on fire, one because of Suzhou River and the other because of light rail. On the contrary, it is Cao Yang Xincun and Lanxi Road that are fighting among themselves. You can visit Lanxi Road in the evening, which is really a very good place. The surrounding Huaxi Road, Zaoyang Road and Tongbai Road are all quiet and green, much better than Bai Yulu. Especially after 2004, many large-scale communities built in the middle and outer ring, such as Yang Lian, are really valued by white-collar workers and middle-class people. They are purely newly-built communities and are basically inhabited by high-quality people. Moreover, many paths and streets around the community are clean and tidy and the environment is beautiful. Don't underestimate this point, the level of the path largely determines the taste of a community. Most of the general buyers are high-quality white-collar workers, including many talents and even graduate students who applied for jobs in Shanghai after graduating from universities, as well as foreigners and compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. They pay attention to the quality of life and taste, and abide by social ethics. No one throws garbage or spits everywhere from the window. Community forums will be more lively, and you will easily find like-minded young people in some surrounding sports and entertainment venues and online forums in the community. Find good friends with fitness, beauty, travel and photography; Isn't this the last corner in the hearts of young people now? Of course, a good house is very important; But good neighbors are absolutely important. A beautiful community must be maintained by the owners. The culture of the community is similar to the language of old Shanghai, and "upper corner" and "lower corner" represent regional differentiation. "Upper corner" refers to the high-rise residential areas in the west of the city, and "lower corner" naturally refers to those low-rise residential areas. The rent difference between the two corners can be three or four times or even ten times. The situation that Shanghai leans to the southwest is caused by historical reasons. Before liberation, the former public concession in Shanghai was in the area of Nanjing Road. The French Concession is on Huaihai Road, and Yangpu, Zhabei and Baoshan in the northeast are the factory areas. The shadow of "upper corner" and "lower corner" in Shanghai, which is bounded by Suzhou River, "has become a genetic factor in sociology and has taken root in some people's minds so far". Before the development and opening up of Pudong, the concept of "one bed in Puxi instead of one room in Pudong" made many three generations of Puxi "friends" live in attics of more than ten square meters. According to the famous concentric circle theory of E. Burgess, a professor at the University of Chicago, the development of a city is more like a set of concentric circles, with the central business district (CBD) as its core. Burgess believes that the central area is surrounded by the houses of some low-income families, or it is difficult to provide enough profits for commercial activities. After 1995, the transformation speed of the central city of Shanghai (Huangpu, Luwan and Jing 'an District) was obviously accelerated, and the construction of residential quarters in the suburbs and peripheral areas of the central city (Yangpu, Hongkou, Zhabei, Putuo, Changning and Xuhui District) developed rapidly, and a large number of residents moved from their original residence in the central city to large-scale new residential quarters in the suburbs and peripheral areas of the central city. Shen An 'an, a researcher at the Institute of Population and Development of Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, believes that there are many factors that affect the population distribution in Shanghai, and the government's policies and planning and the adjustment of industrial layout are the important reasons that affect the population redistribution in Shanghai. In order to realize the strategic goal of building Shanghai into an international economic, financial and trade center, Shanghai has begun to adjust its industrial structure and layout. The proportion of industrial output value in the central city dropped from 65438+53% in 0990 to about 28% in 1997, and the suburban area rose from 47% to 72%. A large number of enterprises have moved out, which has led to changes in the residence of some employees. "The overall level of real estate prices and the differential price of land determine the degree of aggregation and dispersion of functional land such as commerce, housing and industry". "Suburbanization" has inevitably appeared in Shanghai. With the construction of the inner ring road, the north-south elevated road and other road facilities, the large-scale replacement of the functions of the central city and the large-scale construction of new residential areas on the edge of the city, the over-dense population in the central city quickly spread to the edge of the city.