The wall of Xi 'an, Shaanxi Province, was built on the basis of the wall in the Tang and Yuan Dynasties, and was extended from the third year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty to the eleventh year of Hongwu (A.D. 1370- 1378). The plane is rectangular, with a top width of 12- 14m, a bottom width of 15- 18m and a circumference of about13.7km. There is a moat with a width of 20m and a depth of10m outside the city wall. The city walls are made of blue bricks, thick and strong, and the gates extend in all directions. There are towers, watchtowers, gates and towering volleys on the gate, which are magnificent. There is an urn between the watchtower and the watchtower. There is a tower in every corner of the city. This is the only complete ancient large city wall in China, which has been transformed into a park around the city.
Nanjing City Wall
It was founded in the 26th year of Yuan Dynasty (A.D. 1366) and completed in the 19th year of Ming Hongwu (A.D. 1386). The inner perimeter of the city wall is 33km, with an existing area of 2 1 km, a height of14-18m and a width of 8-12m. It is a masonry structure. City gate 13, with 4 existing. There are sluices, sluices or culverts at the junction of the city wall and the waterway. There are 136 16 stacks on the city wall. Nanjing City Wall ranks first in the world.
Jingzhou city wall
That is, the wall of Jingzhou, Hubei Province, is said to have been built when Guan Yu was guarding Jingzhou during the Three Kingdoms period. Originally an earth wall, it was converted into a brick wall in the Southern Song Dynasty. The present city wall was rebuilt in the third year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty (AD 1646). The overall shape of the city wall is irregular oval, with a height of 8.83m, a bottom width of10m and a perimeter of1/0.3km.. The bottom is made of big stones and glutinous rice lime slurry, and the city walls, gates and battlements are well preserved, antique and dragon-like.
Xiangyang city wall
Located in Xiaoxiang County, Hubei Province. The original city wall was destroyed at the end of Yuan Dynasty, and now it is rebuilt at the beginning of Ming Dynasty. The city is 8 meters high and 6 kilometers around, with six doors on all sides and watchtowers at the four corners. Climb the Xiaobeimen Tower, overlooking the Hanshui River in the north, overlooking Xianshan Mountain in the south, and backing on the ancient battlefield.
xingcheng city walls
Ningyuan Acropolis Wall is located in Xingcheng City, Liaoning Province. The city wall is well preserved and belongs to the Ming Dynasty. It is more than 800 meters long from north to south, 10 meters wide from east to west and 4.5 meters wide from east to west. There are two existing towers in the west and south. There are still many sidewalks and streets on the walls of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and the whole city is like the Amin Dynasty Architecture Museum.
Pingyao city wall
Founded in the third year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1370), it is located in Pingyao County, Shanxi Province. It is 6 kilometers in circumference, 8- 10 meters in height, 8- 12 meters in bottom width and 3-6 meters in top width. The wall is rammed with plain soil, and the outer wall is bricked with lime. There are six gates around the city, and an urn is built outside the city. Pingyao city wall has many military forces, beautiful shape and complete defense facilities. It is the only city built in China and is famous for Gu Zhuo. At present, the walls in the north, east and south and the Kuixing Building in the east and west corners are more complete after transformation.
Beijing wall
There are still several relics in the Beijing city wall:
1. Wall near the southeast corner: It is located in the area from Chongwenmen East to Dongbianmen in Chongwen District, which is the most complete and longest preserved in Beijing, plus an arrow tower-the southeast corner of the inner city.
2. City wall near the southwest corner: Located near Xibianmen Bridge in the West Second Ring Road of Xicheng District, it is the earliest city wall site listed as a municipal key cultural relics protection unit in Beijing, with the "Eight Eyes" Arrow Tower inside.
3. Deshengmen archway: located in the north of Deshengmen Bridge in the North Second Ring Road, Xicheng District.
4. Zhengyangmen Gate Tower and Arrow Tower: Zhengyangmen, commonly known as Qianmen, is the most complete existing gate in Beijing, located on the south side of Tiananmen Square. In the past, the gate of Beijing included three parts: the gate tower, the arrow tower and the urn. Only Zhengyangmen preserved the watchtower and the embrasured watchtower.
Unfortunately, due to the construction of the Second Ring Road, most of the city walls were demolished.
Shangqiu ancient city wall
It is one of the four well-preserved ancient city walls. The existing ancient city of Shangqiu was built in the 15th year of Hongzhi in Zhu Shitang, Emperor Xiaozong of Ming Dynasty (1502), and in the 6th year of Zhengde in Zhu Houzhao, Emperor Wuzong of Ming Dynasty (15 1 1). It consists of three parts: city wall, city lake and city dike. Its outline is roughly square, slightly longer from north to south, north to south 128. The peripheral circumference is 4476 meters. Inside the outer circle of the ancient city, it became a huge ancient coin shape, and the building was very unique. The city wall is rammed with earth and inlaid with blue bricks, with four gates, east, west, north and south, and 3600 battlements. It is an ancient fortress that is easy to defend but difficult to attack. The situation in the city is tortoise-backed. Most of the buildings in this city are quadrangles. According to the Five Elements Theory, in order to prevent Jin Mu from interfering with each other, the east and west gates of the ancient city are separated by a street. This feature is unique in the ancient city of China. Today, the streets of Shangqiu ancient city still maintain the ancient architectural style.
Kaifeng ancient city wall
Kaifeng City Wall is located in Kaifeng City, Henan Province. Kaifeng City Wall was rebuilt in the 22nd year of Qing Daoguang (1842). 8 meters high, 5 meters wide, perimeter 14.4 kilometers. It has a blue brick structure, roughly similar to the inner city of Tokyo. Although not as magnificent as Song Cheng, it is still the second largest city wall in China after Xi 'an City Wall, and it is listed as a national key cultural relics protection unit.
Dai culture ancient city
Nayun ancient city, which was founded in 1289, has a preservation area of 36 hectares and consists of "three cities and two towns". Among them, the well-preserved architectural community-Dai Tusi Yamen-Menglian Fuxuan Department is a "living fossil" to study Dai classical etiquette, architecture and culture. However, due to serious security risks in fire protection facilities and cultural relics protection, the only well-preserved ancient city of Dai culture in China is on the verge of extinction.
Heishui Ancient City in Inner Mongolia
Heishui Town is located in the Gobi on the east bank of the Weak Water River, 25 kilometers southeast of Dalaihubu Town in Ejina Banner. It is the most intact ancient city on the Silk Road.
Nayun Dai Cultural Ancient City, Menglian County, Yunnan Province
Nayun ancient city, which was founded in 1289, has a preservation area of 36 hectares and consists of "three cities and two towns". Among them, the well-preserved architectural community-Dai Tusi Yamen-Menglian Fuxuan Department is a "living fossil" to study Dai classical etiquette, architecture and culture. The only preserved ancient city of Dai culture in China is on the verge of extinction.
Old Town of Lijiang
Old Town of Lijiang has a long history, more than 800 years. Simple and natural, it looks like a water town and a mountain city. As a minority city with a long history, it combines the essence of Han, Bai, Yi and Tibetan nationalities from the overall layout of the city to the engineering buildings, and has its own unique Naxi style. From the overall layout of towns to the form of residential buildings, as well as building materials, craft decoration, building technology and environment, Old Town of Lijiang has well preserved its ancient scenery. First of all, roads and water systems remain intact, and Wuhuashi pavement, stone arch bridge, wooden bridge and Sifang Street commercial plaza are all preserved. Traditional technologies and materials are still used in the restoration and construction of residential buildings. No matter the streets, squares, archways, water systems, bridges, residential decorations, courtyard sketches, sills, plaques and inscriptions in the ancient city, they are permeated with the cultural literacy and aesthetic taste of the Naxi people, fully embodying the cultural connotation, artistic conception and charm of local ethnic religions, aesthetics and literature, and showing the profoundness and rich connotation of history and culture. In particular, Dongba culture, white sand murals and other traditional cultures and arts with rich connotations have left a brilliant chapter for the history of human civilization.
Ancient City of Pingyao
Pingyao Ancient City, located in Shanxi Province, is a famous cultural city with a history of more than 2,700 years. It is one of the four best-preserved ancient cities in China, and it is also the only ancient county in China that has made outstanding achievements in applying for the ancient city as a whole. Pingyao was once called "ancient pottery". In the early Ming Dynasty, the city wall was built to resist foreign interference from the south. In the third year of Hongwu (AD 1370), the old wall was rebuilt and expanded, and it was all brick. Since then, Jingdezhen, Zhengde, Jiajing, Qin Long and Wanli have been renovated for ten times, and the towers have been updated and enemy stations have been added. In the 43rd year of Kangxi (A.D. 1703), four towers were built because the emperor traveled westward through Pingyao, making the city more spectacular. The total circumference of Pingyao city wall is 6 163 meters, and the height of the wall is about 12 meters, which divides Pingyao county with an area of about 2.25 square kilometers into two different worlds. The streets, sidewalks and urban buildings within the city walls retain the shapes of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Outside the city wall, it is called the new city. This is a wonderful place where ancient and modern buildings are integrated, reflecting each other and making people memorable.
Pingyao Ancient City was built during the Zhou Xuanwang period from 827 BC to 782 BC, and was the residence of Yin Jifu, the general of the Western Zhou Dynasty. Pingyao City has been the seat of county administration since the Qin government implemented the "county system" in 22 1 BC and continues to this day. Pingyao ancient city experienced vicissitudes and became the most complete prototype of ancient county town in China in Ming and Qing Dynasties. The ancient city we are seeing now is what it looked like after the expansion in the third year of Ming Hongwu (1370). Pingyao city after the expansion is magnificent, with a circumference of 6.4 kilometers. It is the oldest and largest county wall in Shanxi and China.
Xingcheng
After going out of Shanhaiguan and going north along Liaodong Bay, Xingcheng was the first city to arrive. Xingcheng is located in the middle of Liaoxi Corridor and the west bank of Liaodong Bay, with beautiful scenery, distinct seasons and pleasant climate, and is known as the "Pearl of Bohai Sea". The total area of the city is 2 1 13 square kilometers, and the existing population is 550,000. Xingcheng is an ancient city on the coast of Bohai Sea. Although the scenery is infinite, Star City's Small Language in the City is still unknown in the boudoir. Xingcheng County was built in Liao Dynasty. It is the best existing ancient city in China.
Maidu fish
The county under the jurisdiction of Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Qinghai Province is located in the northwest of the state. Machali (in Heihe Township), where the county government is located, is 497 kilometers away from Xining City and 289 kilometers away from the state residence, with a population of 1. 1 10,000, mainly Tibetans. Maduo is the first county in the upper reaches of the Yellow River, with a sparse population and harsh climate, with an altitude of more than 4,000 meters. But it is a place worth visiting, because the source of the Yellow River, the cradle of China culture, is located in this county, and people have come here to seek their roots since ancient times.
Zedang
Zedang Town is located on the south bank of Yarlung Zangbo River in the southeast of Lhasa, with an altitude of 355 1 m. Now it is the resident of Shannan Administrative Office. Zedang is the birthplace of Tibetans. The first batch of palaces in Tibet with a history of about 2,000 years, namely, Yongbulakang and Tombs of Tibetan Kings, and the Changzhu Temple where Songzan Gambo and Princess Wencheng once lived. This dam is called "the dam where monkeys play" and is located at the intersection of Yalong River and Yarlung Zangbo River. Surrounded by high mountains, there are Kampot Ri Mountain in the east and Monkey Cave, where the legendary Tibetan people first spread. According to legend, there are three fairy caves on Kampot Mountain, a sacred mountain in western Tibet, where a bodhisattva, a monkey who became immortal because of breaking the precepts and a beautiful witch live. Later, at the behest of the Bodhisattva, the monkey married the enchantress and gave birth to six monkeys. Monkeys survived from generation to generation and evolved into Tibetans today. The Monkey Cave in Kampot Mountain is the birthplace of Tibetans, located in Zedang, about 200 kilometers southeast of Lhasa. In Zedang, there are not only monkey caves engraved with scriptures, but also the first scene and the first family of Tibetans. The first oil field is located in the north of Zedang. According to legend, this field was given to monkeys by the gods to grow food, so whenever sowing, people would grab a handful of soil in the sacred field and scatter it on their own fields to pray for a bumper harvest. The first house is located in Naidong County near Zedang. According to legend, it is the first house "Yongbulagang" built by Tibetans for Zanpu, and it is also the palace of the first generation of Zanpu.
Pingxiang
Pingxiang, located under the Friendship Pass in the southwest border of the motherland, is the largest land border port city connecting Vietnam and Southeast Asia in China, and the largest and most convenient land passage to Vietnam and ASEAN. The city covers an area of 650 square kilometers and has a population of 654.38 million, of which ethnic minorities account for 85%. Pingxiang city is bordered by Vietnam in the southwest, and the border line is 97 kilometers long. The urban area is 32km away from lang son. National Highway 322 in China runs through the urban area, extends southward to Youyiguan, and is connected with No.1 Vietnamese Highway. The Friendship Pass was built in the late Ming Dynasty, with a famous earthquake pass and a famous earthquake south gate in the late Ming Dynasty. Feng Zicai, a veteran of the Qing Dynasty, fought the French army here and won a great victory in Zhennanguan. After liberation, China and Vietnam became friends, and Zhennanguan was renamed Munanguan and Friendship Pass. In the late 1970s, because Vietnam overreached itself, China and Vietnam became enemies, and friendship was held in Nanguan, Cheng Zhen. After the 1980s, China and Vietnam resumed diplomatic relations, and Zhennanguan once again became a friendly pass.
Today, Pingxiang has become the first stop of Sino-Vietnamese border trade. Walking in the hot and narrow streets of Pingxiang, you can always see some Vietnamese with straw hats, short stature and dark faces. They either sell Vietnamese native products and smuggled goods, or snap up cheap daily necessities in China. There are many Zhuang people in Pingxiang. They chew betel nuts like chewing gum, eat colored rice and entertain guests with colored rice. With the influx of more and more people, Pingxiang, once a military town, is now full of commercial flavor, exotic atmosphere and even a little weird.
[Place Name] (Xinjiang, China) Turpan City
Turpan is located in the middle of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, west of Urumqi, and the center of Turpan Basin, the lowest basin in China. It is famous for "Tang Sanzang Buddhist scriptures were blocked by the flaming mountain, and the Monkey King borrowed a banana fan for three times". It was called Gushi in ancient times and Turpan in Ming Dynasty, which means "Land of Fish and Rice". Here, fruits, especially grapes, are abundant, and all kinds of high-quality grapes are planted in the scenic grape valley, so tourists can pick and taste grapes while sightseeing.
Turpan's natural landscape is magical and unique. The famous Flame Mountain, the majestic Tuyugou, the vast and spectacular Kumtag Desert, Aiding Lake, the second largest depression in the world, and the mysterious Toksun Ya Dan Scenic Area all come from the ingenuity of nature.
Turpan has a long history. It used to be the intersection of eastern and western cultures and religions. There are historical and cultural landscapes such as Jiaohe Ancient Town, Gaochang Ancient Town, Baizixi Thousand Buddha Cave, Keer Alkali Rock Painting, Sugong Pagoda, Astana Tomb, Turpan Beacon Tower, and Taiwan Tibetan Pagoda ... In addition, Turpan is one of the two centers of Uygur culture. In this place, nazir Kumu (Turpan) Uighurs are hospitable. When you enter Turpan, you can see men wearing four-eyed little flower hats and robes and women wearing suits and skirts everywhere, greeting you with "Hello, Jaxy Muqi".
Phoenix in Xiangxi
Fenghuang County in western Hunan is located in the west between Jishou City and Huaihua City. The urban area is built on the Tuojiang River, which is like wine, and the diaojiao building along the river is as naive as an intoxicating beauty. The streets and alleys of the city smell of peppers and bacon all year round, and all kinds of Hunan women dance. On the moonlit night, the duet of Miao men and women can wake up every window near the water. Out of the city, I saw a mountain like a sword piercing the air, rising from the ground and writing "Star Mountain".
Phoenix has a long history. In the Spring and Autumn Period, it belonged to the State of Chu. Weiyang County was established in Tang Dynasty, and Fenghuang Hall was changed in Qing Dynasty. In the early years of the Republic of China, it was named Fenghuang County, which has a history of more than 4,000 years. There are many historical sites in the territory, including the stone town of Huangsiqiao, which was built in the Tang Dynasty, the South Great Wall in the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, the ancient city wall of Fenghuang, and the ancient city wall in the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty. Chu witch culture is publicized here, and multi-cultures are intertwined and precipitated. It is a famous historical and cultural city with a high reputation.
Phoenix has beautiful scenery. Dongling Ying Hui, Nanhua Diecui, Qifeng Tingxiu, Xiqiao jathyapple, Longtan Fishing Fire, Fange Tao Hui, Mountain Temple Morning Bell and Blue Whale woodcut songs are also called the Eight Scenes of Phoenix. Clear Tuojiang River water, verdant South Huashan Mountain, row upon row of diaojiao buildings, quaint stone streets, majestic "the first stone bridge in the world", cave king "Qiliangdong", South China Great Wall, Huangsiqiao Stone Town, Xiong Xiling's former residence, Shen Congwen's former residence, Hongqiao Storm Building, and rich folk customs constitute a harmonious landscape of nature and humanity, and a unique tourist landscape that blends together. It is a famous scenic spot in Hunan Province and has the reputation of "the most beautiful town in China".
Phoenix leaves, oranges, kiwis, chestnuts and other local products are famous all over the country. Ethnic tie-dyeing, batik, paper binding, stone carving, costumes, lion-headed suckling pigs, Xiangxi yellow cattle, wild vegetables and so on are famous both inside and outside the province.
Xichang
Xichang, located in the southwest of Sichuan Province, is the capital of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, the largest Yi inhabited area in China. Xichang is a famous cultural city with a history of more than 2 100 years, an important town of the ancient Silk Road in the south, and a distribution center and hub for people flow, logistics and tourism at the junction of Sichuan and Yunnan. In ancient times, it was known as "the throat of Sichuan and Yunnan" and "the important town in southwest China".
Xichang, as the largest satellite launch center in China, is famous for launching satellites from China and other countries many times. Xichang can be said to be the first stop of China's high-tech tour, where people can not only see the huge rocket launcher, but also understand the whole process of satellite launch. There is "Guangfu Temple" on Lushan Mountain about 5 kilometers south of the city. The uniqueness of the temple lies in that the stone tablets in the temple record the occurrence of earthquakes in Xichang and its surrounding areas, which is really rare in China, and further confirms that Xichang is a science and technology city in China. Feel the technology in Xichang and relax. You can go to Qionghai, 2.5 kilometers southeast of the city. Qionghai is a crystal clear lake with reeds. The beautiful scenery of Qionghai is different in four seasons, especially in autumn and winter. In autumn, there is a bright moon pushing white goose waves, Qionghai is warm in winter snow, and migratory birds arrive; Or go to the primeval forest of Luoji Mountain, where pandas embrace bamboo, roe deer fly, waterfalls and Haizi fly.
Pingyao
Pingyao, a famous historical and cultural city, is located in the middle of Shanxi Province. There are many cultural relics and historic sites in Pingyao County, including 3 national-level (Shuanglin Temple, Zhenguo Temple and Ancient City Wall) and 2 provincial-level (Confucian Temple Dacheng Temple and Kindness Temple). "Walking into Pingyao is like walking into a large history museum." The town was built in the period of Western Zhou Xuanwang (827 BC-782 BC) and has a history of more than 2,700 years. Up to now, the county style of China in Ming and Qing Dynasties is well preserved, which can be said to be the most complete existing ancient city in the Han area of China.
It is said that there are three treasures in Pingyao, and the ancient blue brick city wall is one of them. At the beginning of the city, the city wall was only made of rammed earth, and the gauge was very small. It was not until the third year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1370) that it expanded to its present scale. Although it has experienced more than 600 years of vicissitudes, its glory still exists. This ancient city wall with a circumference of about 6 kilometers has 3,000 battlements and 72 watchtowers, which is said to symbolize 3,000 children and 72 sages of Confucius. The ancient city of Pingyao, centered on the tower, is made up of four streets, eight small streets and seventy-two dragonflies. They have distinct functions and orderly layout. The ancient houses in the city are quadrangles with blue bricks and gray tiles, with clear axes and left-right symmetry, especially brick caves, which have a strong local flavor. There are also some large and small temples in the city, and old-fashioned pavements are also row upon row. These antique buildings truly outline the prosperous face of the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
There is Zhenguo Temple in the northeast of the north gate of the ancient city, which is another treasure of the ancient city. Built in the Five Dynasties (A.D. 10 century), the Buddha Hall of this temple is the third most precious wooden structure in China, with a history of over 1000 years. The five generations of colored sculptures in the temple are rare sculptures.
Another treasure of the ancient city is Shuanglin Temple, which is located in the southwest of the city and rebuilt in the second year of Wuping in the Northern Qi Dynasty (AD 57 1 year). There are more than 2,000 painted sculptures from Yuan Dynasty to Ming Dynasty in the temple 10 Hall, which is known as the "treasure house of painted sculptures". In fact, there are countless treasures in the ancient city. For example, the rare Dacheng Hall of Confucius Temple in China was built in the third year of Jin Dading (A.D. 1 163), and Qingxu Guan was built in the second year of Tang Xianqing (A.D. 657), all of which show the profoundness of China culture.
Lijiang
Old Town of Lijiang, a world cultural heritage with a history of more than 800 years, is located in the middle of Lijiang Bazi, covering an area of about 3.8 square kilometers. It was founded in the late Southern Song Dynasty.
Old Town of Lijiang has a unique site selection, forming an overall pattern with mountains in the northwest and overlooking the southeast. Yuquan River, which originated at the foot of Xiangshan Mountain in the north of the city, enters the city in three streams, and then divides into numerous tributaries, crossing streets and lanes and passing around the city, forming a poetic picture of "water around the front of the house and willow hanging behind the house". Streets are not limited to neat and free distribution. The main street is near the water, and the alley is adjacent to the canal. More than 300 ancient stone bridges are in harmony with rivers, green trees, Gu Xiang and ancient houses, which have great aesthetic charm of ancient trees, small bridges, flowing water and people in plateau water towns. They are called "Venice as the owner" and "Gusu on the Plateau". The "three-eye well" built by making full use of many springs in the city, drinking water in the pool, washing vegetables in the middle pond and bleaching clothes in the lower reaches, is a symbol of the wisdom of Naxi ancestors and a model masterpiece of local people's utilization of water resources, which fully embodies the harmony and unity between man and nature. Sifang Street is the heart of the ancient city. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it was a commercial hub in northwest Yunnan and a distribution center on the ancient tea-horse road. Sifang Street is famous for its unique street view of paved with colored stones, washed with clear water, the city in the sun and washed with fields at dusk. Being in it seems to make people step into the bustling scene of "Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival". In the ancient city, the architectural features of the Ming and Qing Dynasties are still largely maintained. There are many tile houses with "three squares, one wall and four patios, walking around the corner", which not only highlight the structural layout, but also pursue carving and decoration. They are clumsy and elegant, exquisite and ingenious, and are praised as "museums for people to live in" by Chinese and foreign architectural experts. There are many cultural relics and historic sites in Old Town of Lijiang, with profound cultural heritage and unique features. It is an ancient town with the most complete preservation and national style in China. 1997 has been included in the World Heritage List, making it the first batch of world cultural heritage cities protected by human beings in China.
Yan'an
Yan 'an is located in the hilly and gully region of the Loess Plateau in northern Shaanxi. Yan 'an belonged to Yongzhou in Xia Dynasty, Yan 'an County in Sui Dynasty, and Yanzhou or Yan 'an Prefecture in Tang and Song Dynasties. Yan 'an has always been a place where Han people and northern minorities mingle, and has long been the political, military, economic and cultural center of northern Shaanxi. 1935 to 10 to1947 In March, Yan 'an was the seat of the CPC Central Committee, where Mao Zedong and other revolutionaries of the older generation led the people of the whole country to win great victories in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the War of Liberation, and established a new China where the people were masters of their own affairs, leaving a glorious page in the history of Yan 'an. Baota shan in Yan 'an became a pilgrimage site for young people at that time.
Although Yan 'an has long been known to women and children in China and is well-known abroad, it is no exaggeration to say that Yan 'an is a small place with a population of only 200,000 until today. Today, Yan 'an is still the most worthwhile place to visit. Although many people are already familiar with Yang Jialing's lanterns, Zaoyuan's lanterns and Wang Jiaping's dances, history has turned a corner in Yanhe River surrounded by Baota shan, Phoenix Mountain and Liang Qingshan. You will visit the past, touch every thick loess, pass through the old people's old homes and caves, and then meditate and feel what you can't get anywhere else.
Jingzhou ancient city
On May 19, Wuhan CPPCC Literature and History Research Committee visited Jingzhou Ancient City. Jingzhou is located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, in the hinterland of Jianghan Plain. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Chu established its capital in Jinan, five kilometers north of Jingzhou, which lasted for 4 1 1 year, leaving a rich historical and cultural heritage. Since Qin and Han Dynasties, Jingzhou has been an important town where the king appointed the government. During the Qin Dynasty, Jiangling County was established in Nanjun County. During the Han Dynasty, Emperor Wudi designated the whole country as thirteen states, Jingzhou was one of them, and it was one of the top ten commercial cities in China at that time. During the Three Kingdoms period, Jingzhou was the key to hegemony. At the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, there were 1 1 disputed princes in Andi, kings in Qi and Emperor, Liang, You and Sui in the Southern Dynasties, and Nanping kings in the Five Dynasties and Ten Countries in the Late Tang Dynasty, which lasted for more than 100 years. Jingzhou, the capital of the Tang Dynasty, is known as the "South County", echoing the north and south of Chang 'an. In the Yuan Dynasty, it was the capital of Jinghu Province. During the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, it was the capital of Huguang Province. Since the Ming Dynasty, it has been the seat of states (governments, institutions) and counties.
Jingzhou has a profound historical and cultural heritage, and there are many historical sites in and around the city. Dayu's land of water control, the ancient capital of Xiongchu, the remains of disputes between the three countries, and the famous places in past dynasties are like stars, countless. Jingzhou ancient city wall is one of the most representative and weighty monuments. According to the Records of the Geography of the Later Han Dynasty, the construction history of Jingzhou ancient city wall can be traced back to the Zhou Liwang period more than 2,800 years ago. Jingzhou Ancient City Wall is the only ancient city wall in China with the longest duration and the most dynasties, which evolved from Tucheng. 1In March, 998, archaeologists excavated brick cities in the Song Dynasty and the Five Dynasties. Tucheng in Jin and Three Kingdoms Period. The discovery of five generations of brick cities piled up under the existing 10 meter wall made the architectural history of Jingzhou brick city start from the general recognition of the Ming Dynasty and date back to more than 400 years ago. Since the Three Kingdoms period, the ancient wall of Jingzhou has not changed much, and the displacement distance is only about 50 meters. Earth walls are much earlier than brick walls. In August 2000, archaeologists discovered a nearly 20-meter-long stone-gray glutinous rice slurry wall rammed during Chenghua period of Ming Dynasty in the west of Xiaobeimen, Jingzhou City. Although this section of the city wall has been more than 500 years, it is still rock-solid and rare in the world.
The existing Jingzhou ancient city wall was built in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Brick city is tall and straight, complete and strong, and it is one of the best preserved ancient city walls in China. The brick city is about 1 m thick, the inner wall of the city wall is rammed with soil, and the lower part is about 9 meters wide. This wall is made of strip stones and city bricks. The brick city is 9 meters high and its perimeter is 1 128 1 meter. Brick walls are made of special blue bricks and lime glutinous rice slurry. Specially made big blue bricks, each weighing about 4 kilograms, and some are also burned with words. You can see some protected text bricks on the way to the East Gate Tower. Text brick records the official government, officials and the time of running the city brick. From the origin of the writing bricks, it can be seen that the city bricks are not only from the original Jingzhou area, but also from Zhou Jun at the border of Hubei, Henan and Shaanxi, Jingzhou at the border of Hunan, Guangxi and Guizhou, Chaling in Jiangxi, Hunan and other places. Wenzhuan is a rare file display in the history of Jingzhou ancient city wall construction.
Around the ancient wall of Jingzhou, there are six original city gates, namely East Gate, Xiaodongmen (also known as Gongan Gate), North Gate, Xiaobeimen, West Gate and South Gate. Each city gate is equipped with "double insurance", with two doors before and after, and an urn built in the middle. After the founding of New China, in order to ease the urban traffic, three new city gates were opened, namely the new East Gate, the new South Gate and the new North Gate. There is no urn in the newly opened gate. In the past, there were towers on the gates of six ancient cities, but now only the east gate and the north gate have towers. The East Gate is also called "Welcome Gate". The name of the tower is "Binyang Tower", which was built in Ming Dynasty. Now the tower is rebuilt at 1988. The East Gate is the gate to welcome ambassadors and guests. So the gatehouse is spectacular, and the urn is the largest. The Great North Gate, also known as Gongjimen, is the exit of the ancient post road to the Central Plains and the capital. People are used to sending relatives and friends on a long trip here, and to folding willows to bless peace. Therefore, the Great North Gate is also called Six Gates. The gatehouse of Dabei Gate is called "Chaozong Building", and the time for rebuilding this building is written below the roof of the gatehouse: in September of the 18th year of Qing Daoguang, Ren Xu was rebuilt on the 10th. The Great North Gate Pagoda is the only surviving ancient pagoda on the ancient city wall. There are stairs in Binyang Building and Chaozong Building. Climbing up can appreciate the charm of the ancient city.
As a large-scale military fortification in ancient times, Jingzhou ancient city wall has many supporting military facilities besides tall and solid city walls and urns. At present, there are four caves for Tibetan soldiers, one in the east, one in the west, one in the north and one in the south, with a length of10.5m, a width of 6.3m and a depth of 6m, which have the most complete functions and features, and can accommodate 65,438+. There is also a cave where the soldiers hide on each floor. Each floor can accommodate two people, and they are all perforated. The wall where the Tibetan soldier cave is located protrudes outwards in a rectangular shape, so you can shoot the enemy who is attacking the city from behind from three sides and make it unprepared.