The ninth grade history review outline Volume II Lesson 2 The Rise of the Soviet Union Mind Map of Nine Historical Knowledge Points
First, the Soviet Union was founded:1at the end of 922, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Soviet Union? . The first four republics: Russian Federation, Transcaucasian Federation, Ukraine and Belarus. Later, it was expanded to 15 participating republics.
Great achievements of Soviet socialist construction in the 1920s and 1930s;
When the capitalist world fell into economic crisis, the Soviet Union's economy developed rapidly. In a short time, more than 9,000 new enterprises were put into production, and heavy industries such as machinery manufacturing were established one after another. 1937 The total industrial output value of the Soviet Union ranks first in Europe and second in the world. The Soviet Union has developed from an economically backward agricultural country to a world-class industrial power, realizing socialist industrialization.
Third, the Stalin model:
1, the symbol of its formation:1The formulation of the new Soviet Constitution in 936 marked the formation of a highly centralized economic and political system in the Soviet Union. It also marks the establishment of the socialist system in the Soviet Union.
2. The content of Stalin model: industrialization and agricultural collectivization.
3. Evaluate Stalin's model:
1) positive role: it played an active role in a certain historical stage, making the Soviet Union rank among the industrialized countries and laying a material foundation for the victory of the world anti-fascist war.
2) Negative effects: ① There is no distinction between party and government in politics, the Soviet Union exists in name only, democracy and legal system are lacking, and personality cult and paternalism prevail; (2) Economically, market regulation and the law of value are excluded, and administrative means are used to intervene in the economy, resulting in a serious imbalance in the development of economic sectors and a long-term stagnation of agriculture.
In a word, the Stalin model hinders the full play of the superiority of the socialist system.
Essential knowledge of history in the ninth grade next semester ★ Lesson 65438 +0 Russian October Revolution
January and February revolutions
1. Time:1965438+March 2007.
2. Result: The autocratic rule of the czar was overthrown.
3. Nature: bourgeois democratic revolution
4. After the revolution, the bourgeois provisional government and workers and soldiers represented the Soviet Union.
Second, the October Revolution (191711)
1. Background: The provisional government suppressed the revolution at home and continued the First World War abroad.
2.*** and location: Petrograd Lenin.
3. After the victory of Petrograd Uprising, the People's Committee of the Soviet Workers and Peasants Government was established. The Soviet regime was established throughout the country.
4. Nature: the first victorious proletarian socialist revolution in human history.
5. Consolidation of political power: foreign armed intervention and domestic counter-revolutionary rebellion were crushed and the civil war was won.
6. Importance:
This is the first successful socialist revolution in human history. The first socialist country was born.
(2) dealt a heavy blow to imperialist rule.
(3) It promoted the development of the international socialist movement and inspired the liberation struggle of the colonial and semi-colonial people.
7. Consolidation of political power: 1920 After three years of civil war, Soviet Russia smashed foreign armed intervention and domestic counter-revolutionary rebellion, won the civil war and consolidated the first victorious proletarian regime in the world. Since then, Soviet Russia has entered a period of peaceful construction.
8. Influence on China: After the October Revolution, the New Culture Movement in China began to publicize Marxism-Leninism, which promoted the spread of Marxism-Leninism in China and laid the ideological foundation for the establishment of China.
★ Lesson 2 Exploration of the Socialist Road
First, the new economic policy.
1. Background:
(1) After the civil war, the first task facing the Soviet regime was to restore the economy.
Farmers are strongly dissatisfied with the communist policy in wartime.
2. Time: 192 1 year
3.* *: Lenin
4. Content: Allow multiple economies to coexist and vigorously develop the commodity economy.
5. Function: It has promoted the recovery and development of the national economy and consolidated the political power.
6. Evaluation: It is a model of Lenin's creative application of Marxism from the reality of Russia.
Second, the Soviet Union was founded.
1. Time: 1922 End
2. Full name: Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
3. The first four republics: Russian Federation, Transcaucasian Federation, Ukraine and Belarus.
4. Expansion: Later, it was expanded to 15 participating republics.
5. Disintegration: 199 1 End.
Third, the socialist construction of the Soviet Union.
1.***: Stalin
2. 1928- 1937 implemented two five-year plans, which transformed the Soviet Union from a traditional agricultural country into an industrial power and greatly enhanced its national defense strength.
3. The basic realization of socialist industrialization and agricultural collectivization.
4. Stalin model (also known as the highly centralized economic and political system of the Soviet Union)
(1) Form a symbol: 1936 The promulgation of the new constitution of the Soviet Union (the symbol of the Soviet Union's entry into a socialist society).
(2) Evaluation: It has played a positive role in a certain historical stage, but it has serious drawbacks and has had a far-reaching impact on the Soviet Union and the socialist countries in Eastern Europe.