Chrysanthemum and Knife is the most famous work of American anthropologist Benedict, and it is also the representative work of Japanese cultural studies in the world. He used "chrysanthemum" and "knife" as physical symbols to explain two typical cultural types in Japanese culture: "worshipping beauty" and "advocating martial arts". But I wonder if Benedict knows the double reference meaning of "chrysanthemum" and "male love"?
Because "backyard fun" is very common in ancient ways of making love, but because of the similarity (? ), chrysanthemum is often used to refer to the "backyard" of the human body; This should be the reference of "Chrysanthemum" to "Men's Love" in physical images, and the most famous and long-lasting emotional story should be "Chrysanthemum Covenant" (Chrysanthemum Deed) in Japanese "Tale of Rain and Moon" (written by Ueda Akinari, published in 1776).
The story tells that Uemon, a military scholar who lives in Chixue, got sick during the trip and got help from Zhang Zuomen. As a result, the two became friends and became righteous brothers, that is, the "brotherhood." When leaving, the two agreed to meet again on September 9 next year. A year later, Zuo Men appeared in front of Uemon as scheduled, but he has become a ghost ── Zuo Men was imprisoned because of political frame-up, and had to commit suicide in order to fulfill the contract and keep the appointment in time. This kind of feeling, as a harmony in Japan's "Collection of Ancient and Modern Times" sings: "This body is like the morning dew, but I cherish the fate with you. If you meet, go to the grave without hesitation. " Because of this story, chrysanthemum is also called "Cao Qi" in Japan.
Does the door on the left stand for righteousness or love? I remember at the end of the Japanese film Imperial edict, Okita Souji, full of heroic spirit, recited this story to the Turkish side in the beautiful atmosphere of cherry trees falling into British hands. In his view, this is the ultimate embodiment of men's love, right? And this story also makes the story of "Chrysanthemum Covenant" more widely known.
It is said that there is no such plot in Ryotaro Shiba's original novel "The Record of the Blood of the New Electoral College" (the script of the imperial edict was adapted from the "The Record of the Blood of the New Electoral College" by Ryotaro Shiba, former general Saburo and the traces of the Three Chaos; By the way, whether it is a new electoral college or a new writing group, there have always been differences in the historical circle. The title of the book "The Blood Record of the Newly Elected Group" comes from the original text. ), the plot imposed by Oshima, I'm afraid, is to strengthen the movie "Male Love".
It can be said that Japan, as a "chrysanthemum contract" country, has always had a long tradition of "male love".
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Compared with Japan's hypocritical attitude in many aspects, ancient Japan had an equal attitude and courage to face each other when facing personal lust. Before the word "love" or "love" symbolizing the opposite sex became popular in Japan (Tomuya Kitamura, a writer in Meiji era, and Hirauchi, an easygoing son, translated from English "love" in 1892), whether it was love between men and women, love between the same sex, one-night stand (even Plato's love), Japan used one word to sum it up: "color". (Incidentally, the word "love" was rarely used in ancient China, but the word "affection" was used. )
Japanese Ihara Nishihiko has two famous works, the titles of which are "A lascivious generation of men" and "A lascivious generation of women"-in ancient Japan, the word "color" was of course shared by men and women. The love between the opposite sex is called "female color", and the love between men and women is called "male color". Moreover, male color is not inferior to female color, which is neither taboo nor immoral. Even in the samurai society of Edo era in Japan, male color has a great tendency to surpass and spread to the common people society, and male color has become an elegant hobby. As far as the tendency of public opinion is concerned, the social public opinion that men were obviously superior to women in Edo period and Wei and Jin period in China was similar.
What this article wants to talk about is the phenomenon of male color in ancient Japan. The ancient Japan here roughly refers to the Warring States period, the Edo period after reunification and the Meiji period after the end. In this long 400-500 years, the most prominent phenomenon of masculinity is "multiple ways".
According to anthropologist R. Bale, most of the contents in culture are illusions, and the whole purpose and function of ceremony is a group desire to turn reality into reality. Therefore, "ceremony" is a manifestation of culture and a form to ensure the realization of culture. Japanese culture is the most important culture in the world, and it can be proved that everything in ancient Japan must be named in a certain way. Since the Edo era, the Japanese have always insisted that "although there are trails, there must be considerable people", so there are doorways such as Zen, tea, flowers, incense, extremes (mafia) and sex (prostitutes). "All aspects" is simply a good man.
Japanese male teenagers leave their hair in front of their foreheads before the age of twenty (that is, "bangs"). This kind of teenager is called "Ruozhong". But generally speaking, the first condition for being able to participate in Taoist practice and be loved is to have a beautiful appearance like Ghana in Judges, that is, a beautiful boy with beautiful flowers-not everyone is qualified to be.
Most of these teenagers are waiters around generals, famous families and even samurai (remember that the Chinese versions of the games "Tale of Taige's Determination" and "Xinbo Yewang" are translated as "waiters"), also known as "little surnames". Its substantive position is Toy Boy, or "child sexual harassment" in the quaint saying of ancient China.
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The spread of this custom of child molestation in Japan has experienced a top-down process.
It is said that this phenomenon first occurred in heian period (Tale of Genji is set in heian period), but there seems to be no description of child molestation in the book. It can be seen that child molestation was only the end of Qingping at that time. Japanese monks also learned from Datang when they came to learn from it. /kloc-at the end of 0/2 century, the kamakura shogunate established a centralized samurai system. At that time, child molestation was just a fashion among the door (that is, the privileged class of monks) and nobles, an "elegant" thing, and it could be said to be a symbol of status. Ordinary samurai can't afford to play, and the upper class enjoys the actual patent right. This can be seen from the Japanese works "The Story of the Peace Family" and "Grass in vain".
By the middle of15th century, during the Warring States period, swords and swords were everywhere, and blood was deserted. In such a completely masculine time and space, masculinity has never been stronger. Child molestation at this time is not only a habit, but also a necessity.
Because men (from Daming to samurai) at that time spent most of their time on the battlefield, and their wives were not allowed to take part in the war, the solution to sexual desire during the Jin Goma Iron Age was largely passed on to the child molesters around these men. This is a very practical objective condition for the occurrence of masculinity at that time.
At the same time, in order to build an unbreakable warrior group, the concept of propriety and righteousness between warriors and between master and servant has been emphasized as never before, and absolute loyalty and trust between master and servant are very necessary. At this time, child molesters become the closest bodyguards around the Lord, which can also be said to be the last line of defense. If the two armies confront each other, only the child molesters around them can finally protect the Lord, which requires the child molesters to have the courage and determination to "die", and the usual luck and kindness of sexual happiness are probably the most intense manifestations at this moment-the child molesters must swear to protect the Lord. Therefore, the child molesters in the Warring States period are different from those who were popular around the Gongqing Mountain Gate in the early days, and they also require superb martial arts. To tell the truth, this is a very human expression. The child molestation here can also be called a "lover" performance! Reminiscent of the popularity of gay men in the ancient Greek army, men fought bravely in front of their lovers to show their courage. This is a good way to improve morale and combat effectiveness. Moreover, child molestation is also a kind of Japanese ninja, that is, using male color to deal with the enemy-it should be called "honey trap" in translation.
Therefore, in the Warring States period, the wind of child molestation can be said to be "like the spring breeze blowing, thousands of chrysanthemums bloom at night", and it is not surprising that there are even dozens or twenty child molesters around Daming. At that time, Uesugi, who was known as the "God of the Army", had a very high reputation (some even put forward the "theory of women in Uesugi"), and the story of Nomoto Nagata and Mori Ranmaru burying Hongye Temple has been sung up to now, and two of the four Tokugawa kings (Naoki Inoue and Benduo Zhongsheng) like this tune.
Of course, as a child molester, the status of this servant boy is not static. It is not uncommon to get the meritorious military service in the war and be promoted to a warrior or even a warrior. Child molestation is only a stage of recognition, and it does not hinder promotion and starting a family. Maeda Toshiie, the general around Nobunaga, became Nobunaga's personal servant at the age of fourteen. As a country boy (the illegitimate child of a country soldier and the local guardian of an official), he became Nobunobu's personal servant. Because of the similar age, heroic spirit and similar personality of the Li family and Nobunobu, the Li family is very popular with Nobunobu. Later, Li Jia became a general under Nobunaga because of his repeated military exploits, and eventually became a star above ten thousand people.
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After the brutal war, with the unification of Nobunaga and Toyotomi Hideyoshi, Tokugawa Ieyasu opened a shogunate in Edo in 1693, and the Edo era began. In this period of history, the special masculine phenomenon developed during the Warring States period naturally became a popular universal habit.
Under the influence of Bushido spirit, this phenomenon also formally developed the concept of "multi-Taoism" and gradually became a family, which invisibly added various rules and regulations to self-study. In many aspects of the spirit, "loyalty" is emphasized, and the object of this "loyalty" is "alliance between brothers and sisters". Bushido's masterpiece "Wild Sound" (Yamamoto often faces it, 17 16 years) emphasizes that it takes at least five years for this relationship to be formalized-it is indeed very demanding.
During this period, the most famous generals in the upper ranks were three generations of Guang Jia and five generations of General Gangji. Guang Jia had been dismissive of women until she was 22. It is said that there are as many as 130 children around Gunji. (1635, three generations of generals enacted the law of "Confession to the Court", and all the famous names in the country led a large number of governors to Edo to take up their posts alone. Isn't it obvious to encourage the trend of male chauvinism or the prosperity of brothels? )
With the coming of the unification of the world, economic power has replaced war power as the mainstream of the times, and the economic power of ordinary people in Japanese society has gradually become stronger, so the wind of child molestation in samurai society has spread to ordinary people's society. At this time, the phenomenon of child molestation, unlike the special hobby of the army during the Warring States period, has officially become a common "elegant" fashion in society. Ihara Xihe even said: "If there is no alliance brother, it is equivalent to a girl who has no proposal." At that time, the civilized social atmosphere treated this homosexual behavior equally with the love of men and women, and the trend of male chauvinism has objectively become a social custom. It seems that among the good "colors" of the "lecherous generation" mentioned by Ihara Xihe, "masculine color" is absolutely indispensable. Moreover, it is said that when men want to "win love in a horizontal knife" at that time, they usually turn into love killings. On the contrary, stealing other people's wives is relatively safe-this should also be the embodiment of the spirit of "loyalty"!
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At this time, the phenomenon of male chauvinism is not limited to master and servant. Ihara Xihe's words proved that any ordinary teenager at that time was the object of masculinity. Even gundam's name and name, this kind of gay feelings can happen. The courtship story between two famous names is recorded in the Japanese book Gu Ningzhai Tan Cong (published in 16 14). The courtship story between these two famous names is very interesting. Here, I'd like to tell you about the story I saw.
One of the two protagonists is Tadashi Horio (1599- 1633). His grandfather followed Nobunobunaga Oda and Toyotomi Hideyoshi, who has made outstanding achievements in military service, and served as the Lord of Songjiang in Izumo Prefecture (Shimane Prefecture), and he was sixteen or seventeen years old. One is Maeda Junxiu (1593- 1658, four men in Maeda Toshiie, the famous Master of History), and he is like a wolf at the age of 23 or 4.
It is said that Mu Zhongqing, a former James Tien native, had a long history of beauty. After drooling, he admired him. He entrusted the shogun to be a "matchmaker" to convey his affection to Zhong Qing.
In the face of great fame, Zip Ben is naturally diligent, so one day, he set up a banquet to convey his feelings to both sides. During the dinner, Qi Ben and others were very well-advised and took the initiative to walk out, so that Li often had the opportunity to show his love to Zhong Qing. Unexpectedly, both of them were shy and stayed for a long time, but neither of them spoke. Chang Li had no choice. He is both an elder and an active party, so he suppressed a sentence to break the deadlock: "The moonlight is beautiful tonight." There is nothing to say except talking about the weather. Everything seems to be natural. But when you think about it, it's mediocre, but it's a good start.
Guess how Zhong Qing, a beautiful young man, responded?
Zhong Qing, with a cold face, immediately replied, "It seems that your brother likes the moon very much, so let your brother enjoy it alone." I'll leave you now so as not to interfere with your brother's leisure. "I hanged Li Chang on the spot and got a big blush! Then Zhong Qing ignored the dissuasion of Jiben and others and left.
Obviously, Li often appreciates and admires this thorny rose more after hitting the nail on the head. After Zhong Qing left, "tossing and turning, thinking about clothes", it is difficult to find a lover!
Finally, there is a letter from Zhong Qing, saying that in order to thank the last hospitality, I will come back another day. Li Chang was ecstatic, immediately ordered people to build a welcoming hall, and began to see through autumn waters three months in advance.
The appointed day finally arrived, and Chang Li made all the preparations, looking forward to Zhong Qing's early arrival with anticipation. Unexpectedly, at about ten o'clock in the morning, a messenger suddenly came to report that Zhong Qing was suddenly ill and could not keep his promise. Chang Li was almost desperate at once. He hid angrily in the quilt and didn't even eat rice. He shouted at the child who delivered the rice: "I can't eat any more!" "
At about six o'clock in the evening, the angel of Zhong Qing came again. This time, the messenger said that he would convey the message of the Lord (Zhong Qing) to Chang Li. The courtiers who received the messenger saw that the messenger didn't even ride a horse and his clothes were very shabby. He was probably a humble warrior and immediately became contemptuous, so he didn't let the messenger go in at once, but reported it, which played an important role.
Hearing this, Li Chang a carp jumped out of bed and rushed to the porch, which was stopped by ministers. How can a head of state personally go to the porch to meet a humble messenger? Chang Li doesn't care at all. He ran quickly to the porch and shouted, "Where is the messenger?" As a result, a beautiful boy jumped out from behind the messenger and replied, "Here it is!" " "── everything is Zhong Qing trick, in order to test Chang Li's mind! Next are "Meet in the Golden Wind and Jade Dew" and "A Moment in the Spring Festival is worth a thousand dollars" ... I'm afraid it's restricted.
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In ancient Japanese samurai society, there was no conflict between men falling in love and men marrying wives. On the one hand, the main reason is that wives have their fixed functions and their status is rarely shaken; On the other hand, masculinity is more regarded as a hobby and habit, and this feeling will change with the growth as a "brother" and the change of social role.
According to the available data, men in samurai society generally don't like their wives. It seems that there was a tradition in the Warring States period that women were not allowed to approach men after death. It is clearly recorded in history that all women were forbidden to go near their sickbeds before the death of Mito Huangmen and Tokugawa Ieyasu. Is it considered an ominous sign? The reason is that at that time, men mainly regarded their wives as "fertility tools" and "social roles", and they married for the purpose of carrying on the family line-the simplest purpose and the most utilitarian purpose of political and social status-and generally paid little attention to feelings. Because the marriage of samurai is not allowed to be mixed with personal feelings, the more advanced the warrior (including his feelings), the less he can decide his personal marriage. Moreover, marrying a wife who walks in the door is "a glory for all, a loss for all" for the samurai. If something happens to the bride's family, it's hard not to affect the status and promotion of the samurai, which is even life and death. It is especially obvious in the Warring States period when wars are frequent and changes are repeated. If you are not careful, the warrior will die for the identity of his wife.
In contrast, Taoism was very popular in Japan at that time, but the love between men was stronger than gold, and most of them came here with vows of eternal love. You know, the core spirit of "multi-channel" is the word "loyalty" For each other, I am willing to give up my life for this. The true public is the love poured into human blood. In the wind of double suicide at that time, many people died for it. For example, when Maeda Junxiu died, even though he had ordered not to kill any servants and children, five servants and children were obliged to cut their stomachs. If it's just the way of monarch and minister, I'm afraid there is no such deep feeling. It was not until 1663 that the shogunate explicitly banned the practice of martyrdom.
At the same time, in the samurai society, the division of roles is very clear and disciplined. There is a clear distinction between "inside" and "outside" in the residences of famous officials and senior officials. "Li" is a female society, and everything is decided by the wife and female officials. No matter how high the status is, military commanders or retainers can't break in for no reason. "Outside" is a male society, and trivial matters surrounding generals and famous soldiers are arranged by children aged 14 to 18. At home, the status of a lady is unshakable, while the outside world is more conducive to the development of men.
On the other hand, this masculine phenomenon is more manifested in staged love. As a child molester and brother-in-law, with the change of age and social status, they will not indulge in this kind of love all their lives. Getting married, having children and starting a family is a matter of course. At this time, these men are bound to start a new love.
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In the late Tokugawa era, the golden age of samurai society came to an end. As we all know, the economic strength of the samurai class generally declined, and the shogunate era gradually declined (which was also the reason why the reform was later reversed). Because it takes great economic strength to support families and children, only those warriors with noble families can continue to maintain the habit of child molestation. As for child molestation, because the need is greatly reduced, as soon as a man reaches the age of fifteen, he will cut off the symbol of the masses-bangs (turning them into wild lang heads) and get married. So the habit of molesting children gradually began to die out.
It was not until the curtain of the early Meiji period ended that this custom of molesting children prevailed again. But at this point, the wind of child molestation is already a whisper of the last days. The reason why it became popular again at this time is that many of the curtain raisers at the end of the curtain and senior officials of the new Meiji government are Kyushu people. Kyushu, especially Kumamoto and Kagoshima, is the birthplace of Japanese Taoism.
After Meiji Restoration, Japan entered the modern society. While criticizing the traditional feudal behavior, people seem to expand their moral heart a lot. At the mass level, they all seem to live in the confession of sexual morality (of course, the surface is very different from reality), and "multi-channel" is no longer as popular as it was in ancient times. But let's not forget that the righteousness and love inspired by the masculine color of "a gentleman dies as a bosom friend and carries a sword out of Yanjing" will always be aroused in the soup. We can't forget how many legends between men rich in life and death were buried in that distant turbulent era.
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Looking closely at the phenomenon of child molestation in ancient Japan, it is hard to say whether it can be classified as a gay camp.
Japan has always advertised the friendship between men. Under the centuries-old immersion of Bushido spirit, the strange friendship between men (regardless of class) is unimaginable to outsiders. The brotherhood of different surnames, the loyalty of master and servant and even the spirit of many ways are often confused with the love of comrades. In the eyes of Japanese men, this kind of feeling never seems to be called "love", but more manifested as "loyalty" and "righteousness". It's like foreigners always regard Liu Bei as gay when they look at the Three Kingdoms. It's because this guy sees people he appreciates (men, of course) and often "sleeps together" to show intimacy and respect.
The child molester who plays the leading role on the male stage is actually a child molester for economic reasons. Tracing back to the source may not be good in itself, so it can be regarded as a career and an enterprising step. To some extent, they are victims of economic system and social customs. However, many people are grateful for their kindness. Whether this is a story to make a fool of yourself or a story fabricated by nature, we will never be able to give a "dictation" after hundreds of years, and I am afraid we can't explore it.
To take a step back, even pedophiles who love men are mostly servants (domestic servants and children), and it is difficult to really call them "love" because of their unequal status. To some extent, the identity of child molestation is a sideline, but it only naturally plays the role of master and servant from the temple to the bed. This is also a step of promotion. Some emotional scenes are natural, of course, harmless. It should be said that it adds more flavor and icing on the cake.
So, how do big men, such as masculine and child-molesting generals, noble families and even samurai, get along with themselves? In today's erotic practice, it is difficult for us to judge whether they are comrades or traitors. At that time, this trend of child molestation was largely attributed to the treacherous war atmosphere in the early Warring States period. In addition, most women in the eyes of big men at that time realized their "fertility" function and social value, and emotional games and sexual pleasure were largely diverted to special groups such as child molesters. History has pushed child molestation to this position, and it will only be a continuation of fashion in the future. But there is no doubt that if there are homosexuals in these two games, I am afraid they will be like a duck to water and will be forced to do something special! Why do you want to shout "I only love men" like falling in love with spring? After all, this is the right way to get married, have children and start a family.
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There are always striking similarities in cultural phenomena. Japan, China, Greece and other countries were very popular in ancient times, and the love between men (it is said that ancient India was also very popular, but I don't know much about it) is a typical country. Here is a simple comparison.
The love between adult men and young boys in ancient Greece was popular in the west, which Wilde called "the great feeling of an elder for a young man", such as Socrates and Alkki Buades, who was said to be the most beautiful man in Athens at that time. Seventeen-year-old boy as beautiful as flowers and jade. The gay sentiment prevailing in ancient Greek military camps also played a role in inspiring the military. There used to be a "holy legion" in ancient Greece, which consisted of one-on-one gay men-because people believed that love could inspire men's courage.
And China, the teacher who taught Japanese child molestation, was also very popular in ancient times. The TV series "Da Gong Ming Ci" describes the child molestation incident in the Tang Dynasty: it is about the love between Prince Hong and the child molester Albizia, and later Albizia died for Prince Hong. As for the Ming and Qing dynasties, masculinity was particularly strong. Zhang Zongzi, a famous writer in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, said in his epitaph that he was a "little brother with ten thousand pants, eager for success.". What a beautiful house, what a beautiful maid, what a child molester ... ". In Jin Ping Mei, it is written that Ximen Qing is surrounded by four extremely talented people who are proficient in piano, chess, calligraphy and painting. Do you know what they are used for? The prosperity of masculinity in the Qing Dynasty was largely due to the misleading legal norms. At that time, the court banned gentry from entering and leaving prostitutes' brothels, and the lecherous had to turn to Meier for help. )
There are three obvious points in examining its sex. First, all three countries regarded gay men as a fashion at that time, and public opinion did not think it was ugly. Second, most people who are interested are young and beautiful men; Third, the love between men and women often goes hand in hand, and generally speaking, men want to get married and start a family. Or we can add a similarity: the status of women in the three countries was not high at that time.
However, the similarity in phenomena does not mean substantial consistency.
The phenomenon of male chauvinism in Japan was mostly manifested in the form of "child molestation", and later it was manifested as a social preference/habit in the Edo era. There is affection and existence between them, and they are positioned as masters/servants and allies in the socially recognized model, and there are specific stages. By the way, if you look at the portrait of nymph, it really looks like a woman-as beautiful as flowers. I just don't know if only liking a woman can attract men. I don't think so. Here, a child molester may be regarded as a woman in bed, and the requirements for appearance are also very high, but from the perspective of psychological identity and even external performance, unlike some domestic child molesters (for example, some women will dislocate), they really regard themselves/others as women. )
China's "xianggong" flourished in the Ming and Qing Dynasties (the most prosperous period of male homosexuality in ancient China was Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, and the reason why Ming and Qing Dynasties are cited here is that the masculinity in this period is the period that best represents the attitude towards homosexuality in ancient China), but it is mostly decadent. China is a fake heroine who plays with women. She plays with a fake phoenix story, fiddles with and plagiarizes the ready-made resources moved by heterosexuals, and treats men as mistresses. It is impossible to "straighten out". I suddenly remembered an old saying of China: "Bitch is heartless, actor is meaningless", but in Japan, the most important feelings between men are probably "loyalty" and "righteousness". )
The situation in ancient Greece was much better. First of all, everyone's dominant position is equal, and the positioning of dragon/young is an ideal model, but it is not absolute. And in Greece at that time, people divided love into earthly love and heavenly love. The former is only sensory and can be satisfied by women or teenagers. The latter is mainly the fusion of spiritual love and physical love, which is limited to men. There is no love between men and women just for sensuality and raising offspring. In the eyes of the ancient Greeks, Aphrodite, as a woman, was not a god of love, but a god of beauty, even a god of desire. What she inspires is not the love we think today, but the instinctive desire of human beings.
As an important source of western thoughts, ancient Greece did not produce the concept of love between men and women in the modern sense. It was not until the Middle Ages that love games between men and women (and often extramarital affairs) began to be played, and the concept of love between men and women in the modern sense gradually emerged.
Looking back on homosexuality in three countries, we can conclude that the homosexual feelings in ancient Greece were the most sacred, the homosexual feelings in ancient China were the most narrow and evil (only in Wei and Jin Dynasties were close to the homosexual culture in ancient Greece), and the homosexual feelings in ancient Japan were the most ambiguous.
Regarding the special phenomenon of Japanese masculinity, there is another aspect that I am afraid should be said to be "kabuki", or male kabuki. Since there is no information, just guess!
Kabuki rose in the 17th century, that is, the early Tokugawa shogunate era, which was the earliest "wandering kabuki" period. In Japan, vagrant women refer to prostitutes. In the sixth year of Kuan Yong, the shogunate banned female kabuki and all female artistic talents on the grounds of immoral behavior. It was replaced by "Ruozhong Kabuki". If all kabuki are mainly beautiful teenagers, mainly performing dances and thrilling acrobatics, but also engaging in child prostitution, they are promised for six years and banned for the same reason as female kabuki. Later, it was allowed to continue to perform in the following year, because it accepted two conditions: cutting off the symbol of nymph ── bangs (becoming the head of wild lang) and replacing the sensational dance with dialogue, which was later called "wild lang kabuki".
Since then, kabuki has experienced many developments from dance to drama. Today, kabuki, like Neng and Neng, plays an important role in Japanese classical drama. The habit that actors are completely male has been preserved, which is very similar to China's Peking Opera, but kabuki has a high social status in ancient Japan, so there are not many young actors who are kind to each other like China. However, due to the cultivation of social roles (kabuki groups are all men, and men play female roles, etc.). ), there should be many stories in it.