1964, the United States launched Mariner 3 and the rocket ignited and crashed.
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1964, the United States launched Mariner 4, which successfully passed Mars in 1965 and sent back the first photo of the surface of Mars.
1964, the former Soviet union launched probe 2, which successfully approached Mars, and 1965 lost contact.
1969, the United States launched Mariner 5 and Mariner 6 successively. The two spacecraft successfully passed through Mars in July and August respectively, and sent back images and data.
197 1, 1 1, the orbital module and landing module of Mars 2 of the former Soviet Union reached Mars. The lander crashed on the surface of Mars, but the orbital module sent back images and data.
197 1 year, the United States launched mariner 8, and the rocket broke down during the launch;
197 1, 1 1 year, Mariner 9 launched by the United States entered the orbit of Mars, provided a complete landform map of Mars, and studied the Martian atmosphere.
1973, the former Soviet Union launched Mars 5, and 1974 arrived on Mars in February to collect data.
1975, the United States launched Viking spacecraft 1 and Viking spacecraft 2 to Mars, and arrived on Mars in 1976. The orbital module collects images of the surface of Mars, and the lunar module sends back images and extracts soil samples from the surface of Mars.
1992, the American Mars Observer was launched, but the probe lost contact with the ground three days before 1993 entered the orbit of Mars.
1996, the American Mars Global Observer spacecraft was launched. The orbital module entered the orbit in September 1997 and mapped the surface of Mars. It is still working.
1996, Russia launched the Mars 96 probe, which broke down during the launch and crashed into the earth's atmosphere.
1996, the United States launched the Mars Pathfinder and arrived on Mars in July 1997. The ground area of Mars observed this time is the largest ever. The lander sent back thousands of photos, and the rover also sent back 550 photos.
1998, the Japanese launched the Nozomi probe, but the mission failed in 2003 due to the failure of the orbital module in the same year 12.
1998, the United States launched the Mars meteorological orbit probe, 1999 crashed when it entered orbit in September;
1999, the United States launched the Mars polar lander landing probe, and in the same year 12, the lander lost contact with the ground during the scheduled descent phase;
In 200 1 year, the United States launched the Odyssey Mars probe. Odyssey arrived on Mars in June of the same year. Its main task was to find water or ice on Mars and study the environment. At the same time, Odyssey will also serve as a communication relay station for subsequent probes.
In 2003, the European Space Agency launched the Mars Express probe, which arrived in Mars in 2003.
In 2003, the United States launched two probes, Spirit and Opportunity, which are expected to land at 5438+ 10 in June 2004. ...
Comments: Going to Mars has several meanings. The first layer means looking for water, and the purpose of looking for water is to find life. This time, the purpose of the United States and Europe is basically the same. Europe is directly looking for things related to life, looking for organic carbon, including methane emissions. The United States is looking for water first. Water is the source of life, which will help people go to Mars in the future. And studying the life of Mars itself is also helpful to the earth. Each planet has different characteristics at different times. By studying their characteristics, we can understand the origin of life, the origin and evolution of the solar system, and thus study the changing process of the earth's environment.
There are many signs that Mars is very much like the Earth, and it is the future of the Earth. The earth may become a state of Mars in billions of years, so we must prepare in advance. Humans can't survive in this state, so we must make it clear. Mars is very much like the earth. It rotates 24 hours a day and has four distinct seasons. There are more than 600 days a year when the atmosphere on Mars is thin. Why is the atmosphere on Mars thinner? There is a river on Mars. Where did the water in the river go? This phenomenon must never happen on earth in the future.