Winter is the high incidence period of COVID-19 infection, and the overall risk level is high. XBB and BQ. 1 are new variant branches of Omicron, which have become dominant strains in some European and American countries, mainly showing enhanced transmission and immune escape ability. However, foreign data show that there is no significant difference between the pathogenicity and the previous strains. In countries where XBB and BQ. 1 are prevalent, the severity rate and mortality rate have not increased.

The trend of disease control in China shows that it is extremely unlikely that XBB series variants including XBB. 1.5 will cause a large-scale epidemic in China in the short term. However, with the arrival of the Spring Festival, the cross-regional mobility of personnel will increase significantly, so we should pay attention to the risk of epidemic spread.

Health tips

1, personal protection. Minimize party activities, wear masks in public, and be sure to wash your hands before going home. Try to do a good job of ventilation in indoor closed places. In case of fever, cough and other symptoms, detect antigen or nucleic acid in time and closely monitor the health status. When the symptoms get worse, go to a medical institution in time.

2. Vaccinate in time. The elderly, patients with basic diseases and other severe high-risk groups should complete the whole process of vaccination and strengthen immunization to reduce the risk of severe illness.

3. Matters needing attention of people living with infected people during family therapy. Contact with infected people should be avoided and daily necessities should not be used. Wear N95 mask or KN95 mask, disposable gloves, disinfect the surface of garbage or articles, and do hand hygiene at any time before handling the garbage of infected persons or touching related articles. If the family uses the bathroom, wear a mask when entering and leaving the bathroom, and disinfect and ventilate the bathroom.

Influenza, chickenpox

Winter is the peak of the incidence of respiratory infectious diseases such as chicken pox and influenza, and the places where people gather such as nursing homes, welfare homes, schools and kindergartens are prone to epidemic situations. According to historical data, in June+10, 5438, with the further decrease of temperature, the number of influenza cases will increase.

Health tips

1, vaccinate. Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent chickenpox and influenza. It is suggested that citizens and friends should be vaccinated in time and in the whole process according to relevant requirements to improve their immunity.

2. Maintain good personal hygiene and living habits. When sneezing or coughing, cover your nose and mouth with paper towels to avoid the spread of droplets. Open the window regularly and ventilate several times a day to keep the indoor air fresh.

3. Avoid going to crowded places. You should see a doctor as soon as possible, avoid cross infection, isolate early, and return to school after recovery.

4. Prevention of key places. Nursing homes, welfare homes and other key places should strengthen the prevention of small-scale influenza aggregation in June 5438+ 10, and strengthen environmental sanitation, ventilation and disinfection in key places.

Non-occupational carbon monoxide poisoning

Winter is the high season of carbon monoxide poisoning. In the cold winter, some citizens will use coal stoves for cooking and heating. If there is poor ventilation and insufficient oxygen supply, a large amount of carbon monoxide can be produced indoors. Sleeping in the car after turning on the air conditioner in winter may lead to carbon monoxide poisoning.

Health tips

1, enhance self-prevention awareness. If possible, try to use central heating; When using coal stoves and charcoal fires indoors for heating, the coal should be burned out and not covered; Don't install gas water heater in the bathroom, and pay attention to ventilation when using gas water heater.

2, regular equipment maintenance. Regularly maintain the pressure reducing valve and rubber tube of gas and gas water heater, and replace them in time if any problems such as damage, corrosion and air leakage are found.

3. Install a carbon monoxide alarm. Carbon monoxide is colorless and odorless, and early leakage is difficult to detect. It is suggested to install a carbon monoxide alarm and check and maintain it regularly to ensure the normal operation of the detector.

4. Beware of poisoning in the car. Don't idle in a closed car for a long time to warm up or turn on the air conditioner; When driving closed for a long time, it is necessary to properly open the window for ventilation.

5. Enhance emergency response capability. In case of carbon monoxide poisoning, you should immediately open the window for ventilation, turn off gas/gas cookers, pipeline gas and other facilities and equipment, move the patient to a place with good ventilation and fresh air, pay attention to keep warm, and call 120 for emergency rescue.

Norovirus infection

Norovirus is highly contagious, people of all ages are generally susceptible, and there may be a cluster epidemic in crowded places. The main symptoms are mild, such as vomiting and diarrhea, followed by nausea, abdominal pain, headache, fever, chills and muscle pain. At the beginning of the disease, vomiting was the main symptom, followed by diarrhea.

Health tips

1, maintain good hand hygiene. Maintaining good hand hygiene is the most important and effective measure to prevent norovirus infection and control norovirus transmission. Wash your hands correctly before meals, after defecation and before processing food.

2. Pay attention to personal food hygiene. Drink boiled water, thoroughly clean vegetables and fruits, and cook food, especially shellfish and other seafood.

3. Isolation at home during illness. Patients should be isolated at home or in hospital according to their illness until 3 days after the symptoms completely disappear, and those who are positive for norovirus but have no symptoms of infectious diarrhea should be isolated at home for 3 days. Patients should wash their hands frequently, maintain hand hygiene, and try not to have close contact with other healthy family members, especially not to cook or take care of the elderly and children.

4, do a good job of disinfection. The environment and articles contaminated by patients' vomit or feces need to be disinfected with chlorine-containing disinfectant. Wear plastic gloves and masks when cleaning up articles contaminated by vomit to avoid direct contact with pollutants. The patient's family environment should also be disinfected according to the guidance of medical staff to avoid spreading in the family.

Don't worry too much after getting sick. Diarrhea caused by norovirus is generally mild, with short duration and good prognosis. Patients should have a full rest and a light diet.