I. Russian October Revolution

1, February Revolution: ① Time:1965438+March 2007; ② Nature: bourgeois democratic revolution; Results: The autocratic rule of the Tsar was overthrown and the bourgeois provisional government was established. (4) After the February Revolution, two regimes coexisted: the bourgeois provisional government (the main regime) and the workers and soldiers representing the Soviet Union.

2. The outbreak and victory of the October Revolution:1917165438+1October 6, Petrograd armed uprising,165438+1October 7, Petrograd armed uprising won.

3. Establishment and consolidation of the first proletarian regime in the world: After the victory of Petrograd armed uprising, Russia established the Soviet regime of workers and peasants-People's Committee, and Lenin was elected as its chairman. From 19 17 to 1920, after three years of hard civil war, Soviet Russia smashed foreign armed intervention and the outbreak of domestic counter-revolution, won the civil war and consolidated the first proletarian regime in the world.

4. Historical significance of the victory of the October Revolution: ① The October Revolution was the first socialist revolution that won victory in human history. (2) It promoted the birth of Soviet Russia, the first socialist country in the world. It dealt a heavy blow to imperialist rule, promoted the development of international socialist movement and inspired the liberation struggle of colonial and semi-colonial people.

Second, the Soviet Union's exploration of the road to socialist construction

1, Lenin's exploration of socialist road and its enlightenment;

Background: After the civil war, Soviet Russia entered a period of peaceful construction. The first task facing the Soviet regime is to restore the economy seriously damaged by the war.

(2) Lenin's exploration: Under the leadership of Lenin, in 192 1, the Soviet Union and Russia began to implement a new economic policy, allowing multiple economies to coexist, vigorously developing the commodity economy, and promoting the recovery and development of the national economy.

③ Effect: It has promoted the rapid recovery and development of Soviet Russian national economy. By 1927, the national economy has returned to the pre-war level 19 13.

Enlightenment: Socialist construction must proceed from China's basic national conditions, persist in seeking truth from facts, and act according to the objective laws of economic development. Lenin's spirit of seeking truth from facts and being brave in innovation in exploring the socialist road is worth learning.

2. The Soviet Union was founded:1At the end of 922, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was established. (Ukraine, Russia, Belarus and Transcaucasia-15)

3. Socialist construction in the Soviet Union:

(1) Soviet industrialization: From 1928 to 1933, under the leadership of Stalin, the Soviet people successively completed the first and second five-year plans, focusing on the development of heavy industry. After the completion of these two five-year plans, the Soviet Union changed from a traditional agricultural country to an industrial power, and its national defense force was greatly strengthened.

② The formation of the Soviet socialist construction model-Stalin model: 1936, the Soviet Union adopted a new constitution and declared it a "socialist country of workers and peasants". The formulation of the new constitution marks the formation of a highly centralized economic and political system in the Soviet Union. This system is also called "Stalin model".

③ Evaluation of Stalin's model:

On the one hand, surrounded by imperialism and relatively backward domestic economy and culture, the Soviet Union has rapidly developed into an advanced industrialized country, and its national defense strength has been greatly strengthened, laying the foundation for the Soviet Union to defeat German fascist aggression in the future. Therefore, it played a positive role in the Soviet Union in a certain historical stage.

On the other hand, this model also has serious drawbacks: first, give priority to the development of heavy industry, leaving agriculture and light industry in a backward state for a long time; Second, under the planned economy system, one-sided emphasis on output value and output has led to fewer varieties and poor quality of products; The third country took too many things from farmers, which seriously harmed their interests. Farmers have no enthusiasm for production and agricultural output has stagnated for a long time. Fourth, extensive economic development, low economic benefits, and massive consumption and waste of resources have seriously hindered the further development of the Soviet Union in the long run.