Latin scientific name: ladybug

Class: Insecta

Objective: COLEOPTERA

Family: ladybug, ladybug subfamily.

Functional class: predatory natural enemies

Host insects: cotton aphid, wheat aphid, bean aphid, cabbage aphid, corn aphid and sorghum aphid.

Host crops: cotton, wheat, cowpea, Chinese cabbage, corn and sorghum.

Morphological characteristics:

Female: 5.70-7 mm long, 4-5.60 mm wide, hemispherical, smooth and hairless back. At first emergence, the coleoptile wings are tender yellow and soft, and gradually change from yellow to orange-red after 3-4 hours. At the same time, seven black spots appeared on the wings of the two coleoptiles, and the one below the small shield was a small shield spot, which was divided into two halves by the sheath seam. In addition, there are three black spots on each COLEOPTERA, and there are 1 small triangular white spots on both sides of the small shield at the base of COLEOPTERA. The head is black, and there are 1 yellowish spots on the forehead edge connected with the compound eye. The compound eye is black, and there are 1 yellowish spots in its medial concave part, which are sometimes connected with the above macula. The antenna is chestnut brown, slightly longer than the forehead width, with dense hammer joints, straight sides and truncated ends. There is a narrow yellow strip at the front edge of the base of the lip, the upper lip and mouthparts are black, and the outer side of the maxilla is yellow. The chest backboard is black, with 1 yellowish spots on the two front corners. The small shield is black. The anterior chest web is narrow and sunken, and there are longitudinal ridges and branches at the posterior baseline. The foot is black, the tibiofibular joint has two spurs, and the claw has base teeth. The abdomen is black, but the middle chest and back are white. The posterior margin of the sixth abdomen is convex and the surface is flat.

Male worm: the rear edge of the sixth abdomen is flat, with a horizontal depression in the middle and long hair on the upper edge.

Eggs: 1.26 mm long; 0.60 mm wide. Orange bag, long oval, sharp end. Piles stand on the back of cotton leaves. Each egg is generally 20-40, with a maximum of 80.

Larvae: 4 instars in total. The main characteristics of each age:

First year: 2-3 mm long. The body is all black. From the middle chest to the eighth abdominal segment, each segment has 6 hairy warts.

Second year: 4 mm long. The head and feet are black, and the whole body is gray-black. The left and right back corners of the chest are yellow. There are six warts on the back and side of each abdominal segment, and the two warts on the back and left side of the first abdominal segment are yellow and black respectively. The yellow spots on the back of the fourth abdominal segment are not obvious, and the rest of the warts are black.

Third age: 7 mm long. The body is gray and black. The backboards of head, feet, chest and abdomen are black. There are yellow spots on the front and back corners of the chest backboard. The left and right warts and the lower warts of the first abdominal segment are orange with black thorns. In the fourth quarter, the dorsal 2 warts are yellowish and the rest are black.

The fourth age: the body length is about11mm. The body is gray and black. There are orange spots on the front and back corners of the chest backboard. There are orange spots on the left and right warts and the lower warts of the first and fourth abdominal segments. The remaining warts are black.

Pupa: 7 mm long and 5 mm wide. Body yellow. There are four black spots on the front edge of the chest backboard, two in the middle are triangles, two in the middle of the back edge of the chest backboard and two in the four corners. There are two black spots on the back plate of the middle chest. There are 4 black spots on the back of the 2nd-6th abdominal segment. Black molting, terminal larvae in the abdomen.

Commonly known as Sister Hua.

Distributed in Northeast China, North China, Central China, Northwest China, East China and Southwest China. Mongolia, Korea, Japan, the former Soviet Union, India and Europe also recorded.

The adult is 5.2-6.5mm long and 4-5.6mm wide. The body is oval, the back is arched, and it is half spoon-shaped. The head is black, the compound eye is black, and there are 1 yellowish spots in the medial concave part. The tentacles are brown. The mouth is black. The outside of the upper forehead is yellow. The chest backboard is black, and there is a 1 large square yellowish area in the upper front corner. The small shield is black. COLEOPTERA wings are red or orange with 7 black spots on both sides; There are 1 triangular white lands on both sides of the wing bottom shield. The body, abdomen and feet are black.

Generations occur every year Adults overwinter and sting in April of the following year. Lay eggs on plant hosts with aphids. Both adults and larvae feed on various aphids and psyllids. It is a beneficial insect and should be protected.

Ladybug septempunctata is a famous natural enemy of pests. Adults can prey on wheat aphids, cotton aphids, locust aphids, peach aphids, scale insects, ticks and other pests, which can greatly reduce the harm of pests to trees, fruits and various crops. It is called "live pesticide".

Coccinella septempunctata is a predatory natural enemy insect of Coleoptera Coccinellidae, which is widely distributed in all parts of China. In 1970s, cotton and wheat aphids were controlled by migration-assisting method in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, and artificial propagation began in 1990s, and it was used in production. Ladybug septempunctata is named for its seven black spots on COLEOPTERA. The number of generations per year varies from region to region. For example, 6-8 generations occur every year in Anyang, Henan. In the cold area of the north, the number of generations is small every year. The average life span of adult ladybug is 77 days, and it preys on aphids, spider mites, whiteflies, corn borers, cotton bollworms and eggs with adults and larvae. 1 female ladybugs can lay 567-4475 eggs, with an average of 78.4 eggs per day, and the maximum can reach 197 eggs. The food intake of ladybug is related to temperature and prey density. Taking aphids as an example, when the prey density is low, the prey quantity increases exponentially with the increase of density; When the density is high, the predation is close to the limit level. Under the condition of high temperature, the activity ability of ladybugs and their prey is affected, and the predation rate is improved. According to statistics, the average daily food intake of Coccinella septempunctata on Myzus persicae is 1 age 10.7, 33.7 for the second age, 60.5 for the third age, 24.5 for the fourth age 130.8 for the adult. Ladybug septempunctata can eat tens of thousands of aphids in its life span of nearly 80 days. The poisonous ladybug is harmless to human beings, livestock and natural enemies, with no residue and no pollution to the environment.

Coccinella septempunctata is widely distributed in China, including Beijing, Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi, Henan, Shaanxi, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, Sichuan, Yunnan, Xinjiang, Tibet, Inner Mongolia and other places, and is common in farmland, forests, gardens and orchards.

Ladybug septempunctata is a famous natural enemy of pests. Adults can prey on wheat aphids, cotton aphids, locust aphids, peach aphids, scale insects, ticks and other pests, which can greatly reduce the harm of pests to trees, fruits and various crops. It is called "live pesticide".

Ladybug septempunctata has strong self-defense ability. Although its body is only as big as soybeans, many powerful enemies are helpless against it. There is a kind of "chemical weapon" on the joints of its three pairs of slender feet. When it is attacked by the enemy, its ankle can secrete a very unpleasant yellow liquid, which makes the enemy retreat and run away because of unbearable. It also has a set of skills to play dead. When it encounters a strong enemy and danger, it immediately falls from the tree to the ground, shrinks three pairs of thin feet under its stomach, plays dead, lies down to avoid the enemy and survives.

There is also a wonderful habit between ladybugs: beneficial insects and pests have clear boundaries, do not interfere with each other, do not marry each other, and each maintains its own traditional habits, so no matter how many generations it has been passed down, it will not produce "hybrids" and will not change its traditional habits.