The Root Soul of Yulin Historical and Cultural City
Yulin ancient city, also known as Yuyang, is also known as Camel City. Relying on the desert, living in the plateau, looking at the Hetao in the north and covering Sanqin in the south. Since Shang Wu Ding's Northern Expedition to Ghost Square for three years, it has been the outpost of the ancient battlefield of our national war. In the middle of the Ming Dynasty, it was designated as one of the "Nine Borders Towns" along the Great Wall of Wan Li, which was guarded by many famous soldiers. There are many records of Yulin's border affairs in past dynasties. According to the seventh and eighth issues of Yuyang Literature and History, there were 438 items in Yulin Memorabilia compiled by Mr. Du Xiangtang from Xia Shang Dynasty to the end of Qing Dynasty, of which 2 15 items were related to the war, accounting for 49.6438+0% of the total. Among them, there were 262 articles from Xia Shang Dynasty to the end of Yuan Dynasty, and 93 articles related to war. There were 267 articles in the Ming Dynasty, 96 of which involved wars. There were 109 articles in Qing dynasty, and 26 articles involved in war. Therefore, a vast, cruel and tragic epic of national war and a humanistic history of the blending of Mongolian and Chinese nationalities have been developed. It was the national war that chose Yulin, and it was the garrison that developed Yulin. From the splendid history and culture carried by the rich cultural relics deposited in the history of Yulin ancient city to the unique and rich ancient national war culture, military frontier defense culture and border merchant culture in which Mongolian and Han nationalities coexist harmoniously, this is the historical and cultural root soul that Yulin ancient city should show to the world.
Characteristics of Yulin cultural relics
According to historical records, Yulin belonged to Yongzhou in ancient times, also known as Shuofang land. Shang Dynasty was a ghost, and Western Zhou Dynasty was based on ghosts. In the Spring and Autumn Period, it was also the land of Hu Lin and Baizhai. At the beginning of the Warring States period, it belonged to Wei. After returning to Qin, Pumice County was set up, located in Tanshan Mountain, Mijiayuanzi, south of Yulin City. Due to the Qin system, Shang Jun was still set up in the Han Dynasty, and Qiuci was set up as the national city in the ancient city beach north of Yulin. During the Three Kingdoms period, it was occupied by Huns. Song Dynasty was occupied by Xixia Kingdom. In the second year of Ming Hongwu, Yulin Village was built, and in the seventh year of Chenghua, it was promoted to Yulin Wei and built the Acropolis. In the ninth year of Chenghua, Yansui Town moved from Suide to Yulin and became one of the nine important towns until the Qing Dynasty. Wu Ding of Shang Dynasty, Qin Shihuang, Emperor Wudi of Han Dynasty, Taiwudi of Northern Wei Dynasty, Zheng De of Mingwuzong and Kangxi of Qing Dynasty all visited Yulin, among which Zheng De of Mingwuzong lived in Yulin for three months. Yulin ancient city has a long history, leaving the remains of ancient civilization. The long history has recorded the historical facts of many border areas, and accumulated profound national war culture, military border defense culture, border business culture and distinctive local characteristics. Its remains show the historical features of many ancient Great Wall relics, many ancient city walls, many yamen, many satellite castles, many temples, many buildings and archways, many Kowloon Walls, many Chinese medicine shops and many antique quadrangles. Known as "Little Beijing" in the desert by the world.
According to research, Yulin is the only city in China where the ancient Great Wall built in Wei, Qin and Ming dynasties and Qin Zhi Road coexist. Zhenbeitai, built on the Ming Great Wall, is known as the first Great Wall in Wan Li. At the foot of Zhenbeitai, there are Yima City, a Mongolian-Chinese trade exchange city in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Kuanmiya, which received tribute and discussion envoys, and the stone carving treasure house of Hongshixia Cliff written by famous soldiers in past dynasties. The ancient city wall of Yulin, which has a history of more than 600 years, has been shaped like a rectangular ancient knife coin after three extensions and one contraction. Its circumference once reached 8920 meters and its area was 3.9 square kilometers. It is now 6322 meters, with an area of 2. 14 square kilometers, which belongs to Li Sanfang urban construction system. The article "Nine Ancient City Walls in China" published on June 27th, 2004 +065438+ ranked sixth. At most, there are seven gates, urns and towers on the city wall, which is one of the few cities in China without a north gate. There are Wenchang Pagoda, Kuixing Pagoda, Wenchang Palace and Daxian Pagoda on the wall. There are 2 mountains, 3 streets and 75 winding alleys in the city, showing a checkerboard tic pattern. More than 2,000 antique residential quadrangles are scattered all over the city. On the north and south sides of the street, there are many merchant shops in the Ming and Qing dynasties, including more than 40 Chinese medicine shops, totaling more than 70, which are rare in the country. From north to south, from Ming to Qing, there are six Drum Tower, Kaige Tower, Xinming Tower, Wanfo Tower, Wenchang Pavilion and Bell Tower. There are five merit archways in the middle of the sixth floor, which reflect each other, among which Xinminglou is famous for its exquisite and unique wooden structure. On the third floor, there is a bronze statue of Wei Zhongxian, the great eunuch of the Ming Dynasty, which is the only rare treasure in China at present. In the south of the city, there are the Lingxiao Pagoda with a hidden reputation in the Ming Dynasty, the Water Bridge with a hidden reputation in the Jade inkstone, the Yuyang Bridge on the bridge, and the Imperial Monument Pavilion awarded by the Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty with the title of "Two Guarding the Lonely City and Braving the Millennium". In the north of the city, Zhenbeitai has built a unique landscape of Yulin ancient city, with the south tower in the north of Taichung and the street on the sixth floor in the world. During the Wanli period of Ming Dynasty, there were nearly 10 large-scale temple buildings in the ancient city and its suburbs, and 83 Confucian, Buddhist and Taoist temples, of which 6 were Guandi Temple, followed by 3 Huangcheng Temple and 1 Confucius Temple 1 seat. There are 66 official posts, meritorious deeds, centenarians, commendations, notes, temples, chastity archways and archways in the city. In order to strengthen and consolidate the military defense system of Jiubian Town, seven yamen have been set up successively, including Langtai Division, Daoyin Division, Magistrate Division, Governor Division, General Armament Division and Zhongying Division. There are 36 satellite castles along the ancient Great Wall, forming a three-dimensional defense system in the middle of the Great Wall. In order to ensure the personnel training and health of the garrison soldiers, as early as the eighth year of Hongzhi in Ming Dynasty (1495), an academy was established in the west of Xinminglou, and Yulin was renamed Yuyang Academy. In Ming and Qing dynasties, 38 scholars (10, 28 martial arts), 285 juren (40 literature and history, 245 martial arts) and Gong Sheng were trained. During Chenghua of the Ming Dynasty, it was allowed by Shanghai Shushu to prescribe "medicine" in Yulin, but it was closed due to destruction during Chongzhen, which lasted 170 years. During the Tongzhi period of Qing Dynasty, Yulin took the lead in setting up the "Cow Epidemic Bureau" to prevent smallpox from occurring and spreading among border soldiers. To sum up, it has been proved that Yulin was chosen by the national war and developed by the military frontier defense.
In the modern revolutionary history of China, Yulin Middle School, a century-old school in Yulin Ancient City, was headed by Mr. Du Bincheng, a progressive Democrat, and hired three teachers, including revolutionary intellectuals Wei Yechou, Li Zizhou and Wang Senran, to train senior generals and celebrities such as Liu Zhidan, Liu Lantao, Wang Ziyi, Zhou Gang, Jia Tuofu, Cao Liru and Tu Youyou for the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. Bincheng Library of Yulin Middle School played an important role in the early days of the founding of the Party in northern Shaanxi. Cui Ranting of Xiongshan Temple in Hongshixia, 1928 and 1929, are the meeting places where Yulin County Committee of the Communist Party of China held the meeting of activists joining the Party and the second enlarged meeting of Shaanxi Special Committee of the Communist Party of China. During his stay in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Deng Baoshan, a Kuomintang general who lived in Taolin Mountain Villa in Konggeji, the southern suburb of Yulin Ancient City, used his special status to deal with the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, which promoted the consolidation and development of the anti-Japanese national united front. Yulin ancient city has written a glorious page for the modern revolutionary history of northern Shaanxi.
The Disaster of Yulin's Historical and Cultural Heritage
Protecting historical and cultural cities and their relics means protecting history and the characteristic culture of the Chinese nation. In recent 70 years, Yulin's historical sites have suffered several catastrophic disasters, resulting in a national-level historical and cultural city that bears the characteristics of China's ancient national war culture, military border defense culture and border business culture, and can be declared as a world cultural heritage. Cultural relics disappear year by year, leaving little. At present, it is time to declare to the state that Yulin is a famous historical and cultural city. The reasons are as follows: first, war-like destruction; Second, the brutal administrative destruction led by the government; Third, the cultural revolution and the "four clean-ups" movement destroyed the "four old"; Fourth, the laws and regulations are not perfect and cannot be destroyed according to law; Fifth, natural erosion and destruction; Sixth, the destruction of urban population density exceeding urban carrying capacity; Seventh, constructive destruction. Among them, war damage, ignorance of leadership, brutal administrative damage and constructive damage are the most serious. According to relevant records, there were more than 200 temples, temples and grottoes in Yulin ancient city in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, plus nearly 300 other cultural relics and historical sites. There are more than 80 cultural relics and historic sites in the suburbs of the ancient city, and there are more than 2,000 residential quadrangles. 1986 census, there were only 170 cultural relics and only100 quadrangles. In 2003, there were 4 1 cultural relics protection units announced by the cultural relics management department, including national 1 units, 4 provincial units and 36 county units. Its categories are 4 ancient relics, 6 ancient tombs, 24 ancient buildings, 4 grottoes, temples and stone carvings, 3 key historical relics and representative modern buildings. There are 700 quadrangles, including more than 90 with basic scale, and only 9 with relatively complete preservation. According to incomplete statistics, 1947 has more than 90 cultural relics destroyed or demolished by the war. There are more than 80 original cultural relics buildings in the suburbs, and now only five are left: Lingxiao Pagoda, Yuyang Bridge, Yubei Pavilion, Nanguan Pavilion and Konggeji, and the rest are gone. Before and after liberation, more than 50 places were occupied by government agencies and schools. Over the years, about 80 cultural relics buildings were forcibly demolished and destroyed by the administrative authorities during the Cultural Revolution. Two city gates and four towers on the ancient city wall were demolished, and five gaps were dug on the city wall, the length of which exceeded 1000 meters. The rammed soil layer about 1000 meters of the city wall was hollowed out by government agencies and residents, leaving only brick walls. The wall of more than 300 meters, brick and soil separated, collapsed in the air. For details, please refer to the annexes Records of Cultural Relics Damage in Yulin Ancient City and List of Key Cultural Relics Protection in Yuyang District.
Protection Status of Yulin Historical and Cultural City
The present situation of Yulin's historical and cultural city protection can be summarized as: "unprecedented attention and destruction", "tearing down real antiques and building fake antiques" and "repairing the old as the old, changing the four unlike". 1986 65438+On February 8th, Yulin Ancient City was named as a famous historical and cultural city by the second batch of the State Council. So far, Yulin municipal government and relevant departments have actively explored and done a lot of work in the protection of historical and cultural cities. Before 2000, due to limited financial resources, the focus of work could only be on the excavation of Yulin folk customs, diet, architecture, religion, art and folk art, and the collection, collation and investigation of literature and history materials. Repair of Zhenbeitai, mobilize social forces to repair three piers of the ancient Great Wall. 1996, Zhenbeitai was successfully recommended to the state as a national key protection unit. On June 25th, 20001year, the State Council announced Zhenbeitai as the fifth batch of national key cultural relics protection units. In 2000, Yulin withdrew land to build a city, and the protection of Yulin's historical and cultural city entered the fast lane. In 20001year, the municipal government put out 6 million yuan for public bidding to the whole country. On the basis of the protection plan of historical and cultural cities compiled in 1988, the city master plan of Yulin City and the protection plan of historical and cultural cities were compiled, which determined the short-,medium-and long-term goals of the protection of historical and cultural cities, and determined that in 2002, "Repair the old as the old, and restore the old" The municipal government has formulated and promulgated a series of normative documents, such as the Measures for the Standardized Management of Yulin City, the Measures for the Protection and Management of Yulin Historical and Cultural City, the Technical Provisions for the Examination and Approval of Construction Project Planning, and the Measures for the Punishment of Illegal Construction, and established the Yulin Planning Committee composed of experts, relevant leaders and citizens' representatives, and determined the management mode of "planning a map, examining and approving a pen, building a chess game and managing a law". Since 2000, the municipal government has invested a total of 654.38+0.5 billion yuan to harden urban roads, bridges, parks and squares, heating and gas supply, water supply and drainage projects, river bank reconstruction projects, greening and beautification, and cable lines. More than 400 million yuan has been invested in the protective renovation of Yulin ancient city, which has been completed successively: the renovation of the streets and lanes of the ancient city, the maintenance of the west city wall, the restoration of the south gate urn, Lingxiao Tower, Meihua Tower, Wanfo Tower and Bell Tower, and the reconstruction of the Drum Tower, Kaige Tower, Wenchang Pavilion, Xinminglou and Pailou. The road leading to Hongshixia and Zhenbeitai was expanded and reconstructed, the unreasonable buildings on both sides of the pedestrian street were demolished, and all shops were restored and renovated. At present, Yulin city has expanded to 28 square kilometers with a population of 270,000, with 96% tap water, 40% natural gas and 28.8% urban greening coverage. Through the protection of historical and cultural cities, the pace of urban infrastructure and ecological environment construction has been accelerated, the city image has been further optimized, and the people's quality of life and urban cultural taste have been greatly improved. However, when restoring cultural relics and historic sites, the principle of "repairing the old as before and coordinating the style and features" was not followed, and some ancient buildings did not meet the requirements of historical memory. For example, the remnants of Zhenbeitai have no head, and the original sentry box and flagpole on the top floor have not been restored so far, losing their majestic power. The widths of the South Wengcheng and the West City Wall were not built according to the original standards. The inscriptions on the plaques of Drum Tower, Kaige Building and Wenchang Pavilion in the street are inconsistent with the original works. Especially when 200 1 Second Street was widened and developed, hundreds of quaint residential quadrangles were destroyed by bulldozers. In 2006, the shops on both sides of the street returned to their original state, with one model and one color, losing their original characteristics. It's really "tearing down real antiques and building fake antiques".
The reference of Pingyao ancient city
Pingyao ancient city is located in the middle of Shanxi Province, which belongs to Jinzhong City. It has a history of 2700 years. 1986, 1997 was named as a national historical and cultural city by the State Council on February 8th, and 1997 was listed in the World Heritage List on February 3rd. There are many cultural relics in Pingyao ancient city, which are rich in content, high in value and well preserved, which is rare in China. There are 99 key cultural relics protection units in the county, including 5 national, 3 provincial/kloc-0, 4 municipal and 77 county-level units. Pingyao Ancient City is the best surviving ancient city of Ming and Qing Dynasties in China. The ancient city wall was built during the Xuanwu period of the Western Zhou Dynasty. The present ancient city wall was expanded on the basis of the old city wall in the third year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty. The circumference of the city wall is 6163m and the height is about10m. The market takes the tower as the center, South Street as the axis, and the left town gods and the right yamen are symmetrically distributed; Wen Zuo Temple and Una Temple; The feudal etiquette model of eastern and western Taoist temples. On both sides of the city streets, there are more than 220 well-preserved shops. There are 3,797 traditional houses, of which 488 are well preserved. Cultural relics of the Five Dynasties, the Song Dynasty, the Jin Dynasty, the Yuan Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty are preserved in and around the ancient city, and the colored sculptures of Shuangmiao Temple are known as the "treasure house of oriental colored sculptures". Rishengchang bank is the "rural originator" of the national banking industry; Wan Guo Temple Wan Fo Dian is one of the earliest existing wooden structures in China. The ancient city wall is the best preserved in China, ranking first among the four ancient city walls in China. The ancient city of Pingyao is composed of ancient city walls, ancient county halls, ancient temples, ancient shops, ancient streets and ancient houses. It is a complete ancient architectural complex and the embryonic form of the ancient county town of China. Pingyao was once the most prosperous financial center in China during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and was known as "Wall Street" in ancient China. Pingyao Ancient City is of great historical, artistic and research value to the study of China's ancient urban changes, urban architecture, human settlements, culture and economic development. Experts from UNESCO commented that Pingyao Ancient City was an outstanding model of Han cities in China during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Pingyao Ancient City preserved all its features and showed people an unusually complete picture of cultural, social, economic and religious development in the historical development of China. It is the precious wealth left by our ancestors that won the honor of being a national historical and cultural city and a world cultural heritage through unremitting efforts to protect it. It is precisely because Pingyao ancient city has become a precious wealth shared by all mankind that Pingyao ancient city has obtained a "business card" to go global, and finally developed into a more internationally renowned and most influential cultural tourist city of Shanxi merchants in China. Pingyao Ancient City and Yulin Ancient City were named as national historical and cultural cities by the second batch of the State Council on February 8th, 1986. After a lapse of 1 1 year, Pingyao ancient city was confirmed as a World Heritage List by UNESCO on February 3, 1997. Therefore, what they have achieved,
First, the key moment is that experts and scholars saved Pingyao ancient city.
Pingyao ancient city has the glory of Shanxi merchant culture, but also its decline and even bad luck. It experienced the baptism of war and the impact of the Cultural Revolution. 1977, Fenhe River overflowed and the reservoir burst. After a flood, people's lives and property were saved, but as many as 17 ancient city walls collapsed. Due to neglect, units and individuals tore down wall bricks to repair toilets and warehouses, and demolished the wall buttresses symbolizing 3,000 disciples of Confucius and the enemy towers of 72 sages, leaving little left. In the early days of reform and opening up, local officials in Pinggu were ambitious and drew a modern basket map for Pingyao ancient city. They plan to cut seven holes in the city wall, tear down the buildings in downtown area and the surrounding houses and shops in Ming and Qing Dynasties, build a roundabout, widen the streets and build a modern new city, and put them into practice. They dug a hole in the east wall and demolished the residential buildings and shops on both sides of East Street 180 meters. The news and measures shocked famous architects, experts in cultural relics protection and professors Ruan, Luo and Zheng. After they shouted loudly and signed a letter, Pingyao ancient city was finally rescued from the shovel, and Pingyao ancient city was spared a constructive destruction.
Second, protect the ancient city wall, do what you can and persevere.
From 1980, under the guidance of experts, Pingyao county government adhered to the policy of "separating old and new areas, ensuring old areas, developing new areas, and recovering as before", and began a long wall repair project, which lasted 14 years and ended in 1993, with a pause of two years, hundreds of meters to more every year.
Three, the protection of shops and houses to implement the policy of "redemption" and "subsidy".
In order to actively protect the shops and houses on both sides of the street, Pingyao county government spared no effort to gradually redeem two-thirds of the shops and houses in the county to the government name and hand them over to the real estate department for management. Private shops and houses with protection value should be listed for protection, and the government should give appropriate subsidies when maintaining them and ask them to keep their original appearance.
Fourth, the party and government organs took the lead in moving out of the ancient city and implementing the strategy of reducing population density.
1997 when Pingyao ancient city was designated as a world cultural heritage by UNESCO, the permanent population in the ancient city was 55,000, covering an area of 2.25 square kilometers, and the population density was higher than that in Beijing and Shanghai. According to experts' assessment, the suitable population of the ancient city is only 20,000. In order to reduce the population carrying capacity of the ancient city, the county party Committee and government took the lead in moving the party and government organs out of the ancient city, and then moved more than 90 enterprises, including schools and hospitals, to the new city. Under the guidance of the idea of "protecting the old city and developing the new city", on the one hand, they strictly controlled the buildings in the old town of Neixiang, only engaged in greening and infrastructure construction, and could not build houses. All the uncoordinated buildings of more than 30,000 square meters built since the founding of the People's Republic of China were demolished, preserving the original appearance of the old town. On the other hand, the new urban area implements the policy of centralized land reserve and public transfer to support the development of real estate and tourism-related industries. Since 1997, 420 million yuan has been spent on the protection of ancient cities, of which 280 million yuan has been spent on mobilizing social forces, accounting for 67% of the total investment. At the same time, three billion-dollar projects, namely, hundreds of millions of schools, hundreds of millions of hotels and hundreds of millions of markets, will be launched in the new urban area to promote the migration of population from the old urban area to the new urban area, so as to achieve the goal of simultaneous protection and development.
Five, closely follow the cultural theme, adhere to the road of characteristic cities.
Culture is the key to a city's lasting charm. Pingyao ancient city contains a relatively complete Chinese culture, which is the condensation of Chinese civilization. In accordance with the principle of "comprehensive protection, emphasizing key points, restoring ancient ways and keeping fidelity", the ancient city of Pingyao has carried out protective construction of historical blocks, cultural sites and traditional houses in accordance with the characteristics and pattern of feudal etiquette and the original appearance of Ming and Qing Dynasties. Traditional crafts, folk arts, commercial banks and other traditional cultures have been excavated and rescued, and the original cultural features of the ancient city and Shanxi merchants have been preserved to the maximum extent, and the historical memories of China's ancient military, bureaucracy, architecture, economy, religion, folk customs, food, art and Shanxi merchants contained in Pingyao ancient city have been scientifically and comprehensively displayed to the world. At the same time, give full play to the inheritance and promotion of traditional culture by non-governmental organizations, carry out large-scale international cultural exchange activities based on the world brand of Pingyao ancient city, and promote the characteristic culture of Pingyao ancient city to the whole country and the whole world.
Sixth, reform and explore the management model.
In order to strengthen the management of the protection, development and development of Pingyao ancient city, in 2000, the county-level cities in China took the lead in implementing the system of relatively centralized administrative punishment of urban management and established the Administration Bureau. Established the first joint-stock tourism enterprise in Shanxi, namely Pingyao Ancient City Tourism Co., Ltd. Pingyao Ancient City Scenic Area implemented the "one-vote system" ticket management method. The new police station of Pingyao Ancient City Tourism, which was set up by 26 policemen, was set up to explore new ways in line with the management system of Pingyao Ancient City. They also made bold attempts in business philosophy. According to the basic idea of "developing on the premise of protection and paying attention to protection in the process of development", they have practiced a new win-win model of "taking from the world cultural heritage and using it for the world cultural heritage" and achieved remarkable results.
Seven, protect according to law, adhere to the road of sustainable development.
How to implement scientific protection and legal protection is an important problem that they are trying to solve. They discussed it from two aspects: legislation and planning, and gained successful experience. 1998165438+1On October 30th, the Standing Committee of Shanxi Provincial People's Congress promulgated and implemented the Regulations on the Protection of Pingyao Ancient City, which is the first provincial regulation aimed at the protection of historical and cultural cities and heritage in China and has become the protection outline of Pingyao Ancient City. Under its guidance, the provincial government promulgated the Regulations on the Protection of Historical and Cultural Cities in Pingyao County. The county people's congress promulgated several provisions on strengthening the protection of Pingyao ancient city buildings and historical blocks, and the county government promulgated the provisions on strengthening the fire safety management of cultural relics units and ancient cities, which gradually improved the legal system for the protection of historical and cultural cities and promoted the legalization of the protection of ancient cities. At the same time, according to the general idea that the all-round development of Pingyao ancient city should be scientific and forward-looking, they hired nearly 100 well-known domestic scholars, designers, planners and analysts. The protection plan of Pingyao county's historical and cultural ancient city, the detailed protection plan of Pingyao ancient city, the overall construction plan of Pingyao county, the detailed construction plan of new city, and the five-year action plan for Pingyao tourism destination development have been compiled. Under the guidance of a series of planning, the historical blocks and ancient buildings were protected and repaired by zoning and grading, and the old buildings were truly "repaired as old", which basically restored the small social features of Pingyao ancient city in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
Pingyao ancient city is a model of national historical and cultural city protection, and its successful characteristic experience deserves serious study.
Additional records:
Notes on the destruction of cultural relics in Yulin ancient city
Republic of China period
Dinghui Temple and Fosaiji were occupied by Huiji Factory opened by Jing Yuexiu, and later changed to hospitals.
On the evening of June 19 19, the Wanfo Building caught fire and thousands of Buddha statues were destroyed.
A row of buildings in a wide lane caught fire, and the bell tower was rebuilt 1920.
Longquan Temple and Guanfu Temple were once used by Jingyue Xiuhuo Artillery Factory and Arsenal, and later changed to wool mills.
The temple was occupied by the garrison and later transformed into a tannery.
Chaoyang view was converted into a barracks by the garrison. After liberation, it was changed to No.2 Middle School and later to Finance and Economics School.
Mawang Temple was converted into a barracks by the garrison and became a party school after liberation.
Sanjiaoan was converted into a barracks by the garrison and is now a residential building.
Shouning Temple and Wang Dalong Temple were once occupied by vocational schools and changed to agricultural schools after liberation.
Zhunti Temple was built as a civilian primary school. After liberation, it was changed to the second primary school.
Three officials were transferred to three official primary schools, and after liberation, they were changed to three complete primary schools.
1939, due to Japanese bombing, a small east gate was chiseled on the wall of Dongcheng to evacuate people for air defense.
1946, in order to reduce the pressure of people flow at Zhenyuanmen (south gate), a gap of about 50 meters was opened in the south wall of Xinjian Road.
1947, when Yulin was attacked, more than 80 temple cultural relics outside the city such as Chengnanmen Tower, Wenchang Tower, Kuixing Tower, Dongfang Jing, Xinglong Temple, Dongyue Temple and Sanyi Temple were destroyed. Only Lingxiao Pagoda, Yuyang Bridge, Yubei Pavilion, Nanguan Pavilion and Konggeji are left.
In the fifties
195 1 year, Wenchang Pavilion in South Street was demolished and wood was used to make office furniture.
Five archways in the street were demolished one after another.
Wang Guan Temple and Small Temple were occupied by the local Party School.
Daixing Temple, Guandi Temple and Daan were occupied by Erliangdian.
The temple of the god of wealth used to belong to the county court, but now it is in No.4 Middle School.
The Temple of Heaven and Loyalty were occupied by Yuzhong.
Flag Temple, Lingguan Temple and Xinlouguan were occupied by the county public security bureau.
Hoonji used to work for a newspaper, but now she is a family member.
Niangniang Temple was occupied by the county radio station.
sixty
1960, Nanguan Pavilion in the southern suburbs was demolished, and now it is the Meteorological Bureau.
The "four clean-ups" and the Cultural Revolution broke the "four old" and swept away all kinds of archways and plaques inside and outside the city.
The west gate building was demolished.
The western territory is occupied by the Ministry of Land and Transport.
The Catholic church is occupied by Chinese medicine companies and workers' and peasants' hospitals.
The Nine Dragon Wall in front of the Temple of Heaven and Guandi Temple was demolished.
The yamen in the roadway department of Xinminglou was once occupied by the regional public security department, and now it is a family courtyard.
Qingyun Temple is occupied by a chemical factory.
Xiongshan Temple Grottoes were destroyed, and all the statues were destroyed.
The big meadow and the big fairy building have been demolished.
Wang Guan Temple, Wang Yao Temple and sentry box at the top of the North Terrace in Hongshixia Town were demolished.
Chen, commander of the military division, approved the demolition of the city wall about 500 meters for the use of the Ministry of Land Transport.
The Confucius Temple was demolished and occupied by the military sub-district.
the seventies
1970 Gu Lou, the earliest architectural relic of Ming Dynasty in North Street, was demolished.
1975, in the Ming Dynasty, the south gate of Yulin City extended to North Street, and was later demolished as Kaige Building.
The Xuanwei Gate in the West City of Renmin Road was expanded, and the wall was demolished 100 meters.
1977, dozens of antique residential quadrangles were demolished during the expansion of Second Street.
The county temple was demolished and the government built a home.
There is a military camp under Zhenbeitai. Later it was changed to an art school.
Nanmen Wengcheng was occupied by a carding factory.
The eighties
The wall at the southern end of the west wall sinks about 280 meters.
In Qing Dynasty, Liugong Temple was demolished by Huang Hang and converted into an office building.
There is a gap of about 30 meters at Bashi Lane of Dongcheng Wall.
There is a gap of about 20 meters in the north wall of the heavy building mountain.
the nineties
The eastern section of the south city wall is about 200 meters hanging in the air, becoming a dangerous wall.
There is a small building in Daixing Temple.
new century
Develop new roads and demolish hundreds of quadrangle houses.
Century Plaza was built and Lianhuachi Park was demolished.
The giant camel sculpture, a landmark building in Yulin, was destroyed during the construction of Little Square in 2000.
Xinminglou in Ming Dynasty was towed away by a large-tonnage truck in Shanxi, which was seriously damaged and forced to be demolished and rebuilt.
In 2006, the shops in the Ming and Qing dynasties on both sides of the street were completely transformed, with the same patterns and colors, losing their original historical features.