Luoyang is the ancient capital of the Nine Dynasties and the birthplace of Chinese civilization. Especially before the Tang Dynasty, it was highly valued by kings of past dynasties and was used as the capital for many times. After the Tang Dynasty, it was gradually marginalized. Although it is still a famous city, it has never been established as the capital. The decline of Luoyang is related to the development of the country. Luoyang used to be the Central Plains and the center of politics, economy, geography and culture in China. But with the rise of the southeast, the strategic significance of Luoyang is not so obvious.

Erlitou site, which represents the core of Xia culture, is located in Luoyang basin, northwest of the first capital of Shang Dynasty. Luoyang is the earliest capital and the earliest birthplace of culture. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Luoyang was basically the eastern capital (the capital was directly in the Sui and Wu Zhou Dynasties), and it was used as a granary by Tongji Canal in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. However, the prosperity of Luoyang reached its peak in the prosperous Tang Dynasty and began to decline.

During the Anshi Rebellion, Luoyang became the main battlefield. The bustling Luoyang city was destroyed, and all the palace buildings were destroyed. In 885 AD, Luoyang was captured by the remnants of Huang Chao rebels, looted and turned into ruins. Since then, Luoyang has gradually withdrawn from the historical stage after experiencing some glory.

With the expansion of the national territory, the economic center of ancient China shifted to the southeast, and the Luoyang Basin in the middle reaches of the Yellow River also lost its economic and geographical elements as the capital. After the Song Dynasty, with Kaifeng as its capital, Luoyang became less and less suitable to be the capital of a big country. After the yuan dynasty, it became more marginalized and became the Henan government. In the modern Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, due to the prosperity of the north and south, Luoyang became an ancient cultural city in people's minds, not a strategic place.