1. The longest ancient defense project in the world-the Great Wall of Wan Li.
The Great Wall is an ancient defense project with the longest construction time and the largest engineering quantity in China and even in the world. Since the Western Zhou Dynasty, it has been built continuously for more than 2,000 years, with a total length of more than 50,000 kilometers. The Qin Dynasty pushed this project to its peak. Thousands of working people in China, Qian Qian, paid blood and tears for this project. The famous story-Meng Jiangnu cried the Great Wall, is based on the construction of the Great Wall. 196 1 On March 4th, the Great Wall was announced by the State Council as the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units. 1987 65438+February,1987 65438+February, the Great Wall was listed as a world cultural heritage.
2. The Forbidden City, the largest royal palace in the world.
The Forbidden City, formerly known as the Forbidden City, is the royal palace of China in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, located in the center of the central axis of Beijing (PS: ancient craftsmen are so powerful, how did you find this central axis? If you make a small series, you can't tell things apart. The Forbidden City in Beijing covers an area of 720,000 square meters, with a construction area of about 6.5438+0.5 million square meters. There are more than 70 palaces and 9000 houses. It is one of the largest and best-preserved ancient wooden buildings in the world. Although the volume is very large, it is subdivided into various buildings, each with its own subtleties, which can be called the treasure of human culture. The Forbidden City in Beijing ranks first among the five largest palaces in the world (the Forbidden City in Beijing, the Palace of Versailles in France, Buckingham Palace in Britain, the White House in the United States and the Russian Kremlin). 196 1 was listed as the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units, and 1987 was listed as a world cultural heritage.
3. Underground Great Wall-Kaerkaze, Xinjiang
Karez, Wan Li Great Wall and Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal are also called the three major ancient projects in China. Turpan has 1 100 many karez wells, with a total length of about 5,000 kilometers, which can be called the underground Great Wall of China. Karez, which actually means "well hole", has a long history. As early as in the historical records of Jingqu, it is called "Kanerjing" in Uyghur. Karez is a unique irrigation system in desert areas, and its construction is a process in which the Chinese nation dares to transform nature. Xinjiang is one of the extremely arid areas in China, with an annual precipitation of only 65,438 0.6 mm and evaporation of 3,000 mm, which is called the "dry pole" of China. But Karez is an underground culvert, which is not affected by seasons and sandstorms. Small evaporation, stable flow and self-flow irrigation all year round. Xinjiang's agricultural development is largely attributed to karez.
4. The longest artificial canal in the world-Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal
The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is the longest and largest man-made ancient canal in the world. Together with the Great Wall and Karez, it is also known as the three major ancient projects in China and is equally famous in the world. This is one of the great projects created by the working people in ancient China. 20 14 On June 22nd, the 38th World Heritage Conference announced that the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal Project was successfully selected into the World Cultural Heritage List and became the 46th World Heritage Project in China. The canal was dug in the early spring and autumn period, and its original purpose was to serve the military action of conquering other countries. With the unification of the Sui Dynasty, its purpose turned to economic and political functions. On the one hand, it is to develop economic exchanges between the inland and Jiangnan, and then turn to strengthen the control of the ruling class over Jiangnan. On this basis, the rulers of the feudal dynasty established a water transport system with a history of thousands of years, which transported materials from all over the country to the capital and maintained the life of the dynasty. People on both sides of the strait also benefited from grain transportation.
5. Dujiangyan, the oldest water conservancy project in the world that still benefits the people.
Dujiangyan, located on the Minjiang River in the west of Chengdu Plain, is a large-scale water conservancy project organized and built by Li Bing and his son, the magistrate of Shu County, in 250 BC on the basis of excavating the turtle spirits of predecessors. For more than 2,000 years, it has been playing the role of flood control and irrigation, making Chengdu Plain a rich' land of abundance' and the oldest and only preserved water conservancy project still in use in the world. In 2000, it was listed in the "World Cultural Heritage" list by UNESCO), the world natural heritage (Sichuan giant panda habitat), the national key cultural relics protection unit, the national scenic spot and the national AAAAA-level tourist scenic spot.