1, Tang Dynasty
This is the most perfect period of Buddha statue, and Lushena Buddha statue is its most outstanding masterpiece. At this time, the Buddha's face was plump, and his hairstyle was not only threaded, but also developed a water wave style, with drooping ears and a solemn but kind look. The figures in the statue are well-proportioned, with reasonable structure, plump figure, undulating bare chest muscles, strong sense of reality, natural stretching of figures and strong sense of movement.
The costumes of Buddha statues are becoming more and more diverse, with shoulders, bare right shoulders, belts and more square collars. The texture of clothes is soft and light, and the lines of clothes are smooth. The folds of the lower body hang in front of the seat, just like a tablecloth. The base of the Buddha statue is mostly waist-tied, with hexagonal, octagonal, round or flower-shaped bottom. If the Buddha statues in this period were gilded, then gilded was red, which was unique at that time.
2. Song Dynasty
The face of the Buddha statue in Song Dynasty is plump, dignified and beautiful, and its expression is affectionate and meticulous, but the meat on the top of the head tends to be flat, and the bead lines between snail hair and meat are more obvious.
His characterization is perfect and his posture is casual and lively. At this time, the Liao and Jin Buddha statues in the north are different from those in the Song Dynasty, which are characterized by shoulder width, plump figure, long upper body and slightly shorter lower body. Bodhisattva is like wearing a high crown or a trilobal crown. His eyes seem to be closed, his nose is straight and his lips are thin. Dewdrops on the upper body, wreaths on necklaces, and streamers around the silk; Wear a skirt with smooth lines and natural clothes.
Among the northern Buddha statues, the lotus platform is popular, the lotus petals are plump, the tip is slightly upturned, and the lower layer is mostly three layers or leaning against the lotus (the lotus mouth is downward); At this time, the base of the Buddha statue began to be square. The Buddha statues in the Jin Dynasty were stronger, with broad shoulders and broad breasts, gorgeous decorations and complex shapes.
3. Yuan Dynasty
The Yuan Dynasty had a vast territory, and the Buddha statues were deeply influenced by India and Tibetan Buddhism. Its characteristics are as follows: Bodhisattva ancestors show their upper body, and their chests are decorated with wreaths with large lines; The bottom is not right, and the lines are simple. The Buddha's face is inverted trapezoid, and the facial features are compact: the Buddha's body is long with a bee waist, charming posture, high chest and rich buttocks, and it has the statue style of Indian Bala dynasty.
4. Ming dynasty
The Buddha statues in this period returned to the traditional aesthetics: plump face, thin eyebrows and long eyes, high nose, thin lips, wide forehead, drooping ears, solemn but gentle expression. The figure of the Buddha statue is relatively symmetrical, the clothes are light and close-fitting, the lines are soft and smooth, and the folds are self-sufficient.
Its biggest characteristics are: Guan Bao's leaves are hollow, and the middle leaves are meniscus; The base is a girdle rosette with broad lotus petals; The edge of the clothes is engraved with fine patterns; The leg decoration is slightly oval group pleats; Golden water is full of color and yellow water is red, which are the unique characteristics of Buddha statues in Ming Dynasty.
5. Qing dynasty
By the Qing Dynasty, the technology of Buddha statue reached its peak, and the facial features, figure proportion, clothing, clothing patterns and ornaments were all exquisite. Its characteristics are as follows: Buddhist statues often wear Hanfu; The bottom of the rosette is obviously outward, and the petals are regular and flat, only half of them are surrounded. The crown leaves are flat and not hollow.
Extended data
The bronze Buddha statue originated in the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, and is a sculpture made of copper as the embryo through carving and casting. The art of bronze sculpture mainly expresses the beauty of modeling, texture and ornamentation, and is mostly used to express mysterious and daunting religious themes. Like the Buddha statue.
Most of its shapes are dignified, rough, dignified and calm, showing a solid, rich and brilliant texture. The decorative patterns of bronze sculptures are mainly gluttonous patterns or animal heads, and then some abstract patterns of birds, animals, insects and fish are used to set off the bronze sculptures. Important bronze sculptures in the history of China include Boju in the Western Zhou Dynasty, Simu Wuding in the late Shang Dynasty and Feiyan in the Han Dynasty.
manufacturing process
Generally divided into forging and casting. At present, the best forging Buddha statue in China is Hangzhou Jinxing Copper Project, and the best casting Buddha statue is Foxiang Tianyi Buddha Culture Co., Ltd. in Tongling, Anhui Province.
Hangjinxing is led by Zhu Bingren, the only national bronze carving master in China. Master Zhu Bingren is the fourth generation inheritor of the century-old bronze art, and his unique craft has been included in the national intangible cultural heritage.
Anhui Tongling Foxiang Tianyi Buddha Culture Co., Ltd. has become a new leader in the field of bronze Buddha statues with the principle of promoting Buddha culture and innovative production technology as the cornerstone.
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