2. Review the history of the seventh grade next semester. First semester history review data: 1. The establishment of major dynasties. Title of the founder of the dynasty: capital Sui Wendi Sui Wendi Chang 'an Tang Liyuan Tang Gaozu Chang 'an (now Xi 'an) Yuan Kublai Khan Yuan Shizu Dadu (now Beijing) Zhu Mingyuan Zhang Ming Taizu Yingtian, Beijing Huang Qing Taiji Beijing 2. The main political system is three provinces and six departments: it was established in Sui and Tang Dynasties, including Shangshu Province, Zhongshu Province and Menxia Province.
Examination system: a system of selecting officials through examinations founded by the Sui Dynasty. In the Tang Dynasty, the main objects of imperial examinations were Ming Jing and Jinshi.
Provincial system: established in the Yuan Dynasty, the central government set up provincial libraries and local governments set up provincial libraries. Factory Health Service: Established in Ming Dynasty, it mainly includes "Wei Jinyi" established by Ming Taizu and "East Factory" established by Ming Chengzu.
Eight-part essay selection: the imperial examination system in Ming dynasty, the examination scope is "four books and five classics", and the article is called "eight-part essay", which is very harmful to scholars. Military Aircraft Division: The establishment of Yong Zhengdi in Qing Dynasty was mainly to strengthen imperial power.
3. The fame and governance of Zhenguan: the legacy of Zhenguan of Emperor Taizong: Wu Zetian Kaiyuan Shengshi: the prosperity of the early reign of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty: Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong. 4. Su Shi, three great poets and representative works in Song Dynasty: Nian Nujiao, Nostalgia at Red Cliff and When is the Bright Moon? Li Qingzhao: It's like a dream. It rained suddenly last night. I was drunk and looked at my sword with a light. Four great inventions: papermaking, printing, gunpowder and compass. Four classical novels and their authors The Romance of the Three Kingdoms (Luo Guanzhong), The Water Margin (Shi Naian), The Journey to the West (Wu Cheng'en) and A Dream of Red Mansions (Cao Xueqin) 7. People and Achievements Li Chun. Zhao Zhouqiao Bi Sheng. Movable type printing. Sima Guang: Zi Tongzhi Jian Guan Hanqing: Yuan; Li Shizhen: Compendium of Materia Medica; Song Yingxing: Tiangong Wu Kai; Zheng He: Seven voyages to the Western Ocean; 8. Textbook title answer 1) Think about why the Sui Dynasty unified the north and the south. P 1 A: 2) The Tang Dynasty poet said, "The Sui Dynasty lost me thousands of miles. If there is no dragon boat at the Water Temple, Yu * * * won't do much. "
Do you agree with this statement? Please tell me your reasons. P3: I agree. The excavation of the Grand Canal has played a great role in economic and cultural exchanges between the North and the South and consolidated national unity, and it is also beneficial today.
② No, after the Grand Canal was dug, the tyranny embodied in Xiajiangdu led to the rapid demise of Sui. (Choose an answer from ① and ②) 3) Compare the Sui Dynasty with the Qin Dynasty and see what similarities they have.
P4 Answer: ① ② All of them have formed far-reaching systems, such as the county system in the Qin Dynasty and the imperial examination system in the Sui Dynasty. (3) World-famous projects have been built, such as the Great Wall of Qin and the Grand Canal of Sui.
(4) Everything perished because of tyranny. 4) The imperial examination system provides ordinary intellectuals with the opportunity to be an official in politics. Talk about your views on studying and being an official P4 A: ① The positive side of the imperial examination system provides opportunities for scholars to be an official.
But it is convenient for rulers to control intellectuals and make them slaves, which is not conducive to the development of the country, economy and science and technology. 5) Talk about your views on the change of Xuanwu people.
P6 replied: ① It is a struggle for power and interests within the royal family; (2) It embodies Li Shimin's extraordinary military talent and outstanding political talent, indicating that he is the leader of the people. (3) It prevented the division within the ruling class in the Tang Dynasty, and laid the foundation for stabilizing the political situation and unifying the whole country in the future.
6) think about it. What other stories do you know about Tang Taizong's appointment of capable ministers? What can we learn from it? P7 7) According to historical records, Emperor Taizong was overjoyed to see the new Jinshi filed out. "The heroes of the world have entered my net!" What fact do you think this sentence reflects? P8 A: The imperial examination system provides intellectuals with opportunities to participate in politics and be officials, but it represents the system of selecting officials of the landlord class and serves the rulers. 8) What is "the rule of Zhenguan"? How did the situation of "Zhenguan rule" emerge? P9 9) Discuss why there are wordless tablets in front of Wu Zetian's tomb. Tell me your theory.
P 12 10) What are the characteristics of the early employment of Emperor Taizong, Wu Zetian and Tang Xuanzong? P 13 1 1) think about it. Why didn't Emperor Taizong kill Jie Li Khan and give him preferential treatment instead? P 17 12) Kissing and making peace is an important form of friendly communication between Han people and ethnic minorities. Think about it, apart from Princess Wencheng and Princess Jincheng, which other Han princesses in history have married the leaders of frontier ethnic minorities? What contribution did Jian Zhen make to Sino-Japanese friendship? What do you feel most from his deeds? P23 14) Do you know the story of Tang Priest's Buddhist scriptures? Please talk about the connection and difference between this story and historical facts.
P24 15) Why did the foreign exchange in the Tang Dynasty appear an unprecedented situation? P25 16) What are the characteristics of faithfulness and Xuanzang? Observe the Zhao Zhouqiao diagram and tell me what its characteristics are. P26 18) Printing was once known as the "mother of civilization" of mankind. Imagine if there were no printing, what difficulties would our study and cultural life have? P27 19) What are the noble medical ethics of Sun Simiao? What are his ideas about health preservation worth inheriting and carrying forward? P29 20) What were the leading scientific and technological achievements in the Sui and Tang Dynasties? 1300 years later, Zhao Zhouqiao still stands tall.
Think about it, what is the value of its existence today? P30 22) What are the characteristics of Li Bai's and Du Fu's poems? What other poems have you read? P32 23) Considering the local natural and geographical conditions, what are the reasons why the murals in Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes are still well preserved after more than 1000 years? P33 24) List the major literary and artistic achievements in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. P35 25) What is the significance of unifying the Central Plains and the South in the Northern Song Dynasty? P42 26) Think about it. What contribution did Liao and Xixia make to the development of China history? P44 27) What inspiration did you get from defending the victory in Tokyo to the "Jingkang Revolution"? P46 28) On the stone pillar in front of Yue Fei's tomb, there is a couplet: "Good and evil are the same as ice and charcoal since ancient times, and now it is judged to be false."
What does this mean? What does this mean? P48 29) Think about it, what are the world's leading handicraft achievements in the Song Dynasty? P5 1 30) When will the economic center of gravity move south? What is the reason for moving south? P54 3 1) The earliest paper money appeared in the Song Dynasty. What are the advantages of paper money compared with metal money? P54 32).
3. The seventh grade book history excellent study plan answer: Chinese words have three meanings:
1. It is a discipline to record and explain a series of historical events as human progress.
2. Evolution and origin.
3. Past facts.
History, for short, refers to the history of human society. It is a discipline that records and explains a series of historical events in the process of human activities, and it is also a mapping of the present era in many cases. If it is only summary and mapping, then history as an existence should disappear. The problem of history is to discover the real past constantly, to speak with materials, and how people can become a negotiable problem in reality. [1] History is an extension. History is the inheritance, accumulation and expansion of culture and the track of human civilization.
4. History: Chinese words with three meanings: 1. It is a discipline to record and explain a series of historical events as human progress.
2. Evolution and origin. 3. Past facts.
History, for short, refers to the history of human society. It is a discipline that records and explains a series of historical events in the process of human activities, and it is also a mapping of the present era in many cases. If it is only summary and mapping, then history as an existence should disappear.
The problem of history is to discover the real past constantly, to speak with materials, and how people can become a negotiable problem in reality. [1] History is an extension.
History is the inheritance, accumulation and expansion of culture and the track of human civilization.
5. Who has the class exam 10 minutes? The answer to the seventh grade history is 1. The North-South Grand Canal dug in the Sui Dynasty is centered on ().
A. Chang 'an B. Zhuo Jun C. Luoyang D. Yuhang 2. The rule of the sui dynasty is similar to which of the following dynasties ()? A. Qin B. Eastern Han C. Western Jin D. Eastern Jin 3. "Zhenguan rule" was a period of political tolerance, opening to the outside world and strong national strength in China's ancient history, which benefited from the wise rule of (). A. Wendi B. Emperor Taizong C. Wu Zetian D. Emperor Xuanzong 4. The administrative system implemented in the Tang Dynasty was ().
A. county system B. imperial examination system C. three provinces and six departments D. jimizhou system 5. The following statement related to Wu Zetian is inaccurate (). Replacing Tang Gaozong as a political official showed his management ability from the beginning. B. Stand on your own feet and change your country name to "Zhou". C. During the "Wuzhou Politics" period, the social economy reached an unprecedented peak.
6. The knowledge structure diagram of each unit of the seventh grade history in China History Volume II. From "Emperor's Rule" to "Guan Zhen's Rule" 1. Establishment of Sui Dynasty and "Emperor's Rule". The establishment and unification of the Sui Dynasty (1): Time -5865438+.
(2) Reunification: time-589 years, meaning-ending the separatist situation and reunifying the north and the south. 2. Measures to "rule the emperor" (1): reform political institutions, attach importance to talent selection (abolish the nine-product-oriented system and promote people in different industries), vigorously develop agriculture, reduce taxes and promote thrift.
(2) Impact: It has formed a situation of national prosperity and social prosperity, which is called "rule by man" in history. Second, the rule of Zhenguan 1 The Sui Dynasty perished and the Tang Dynasty was founded: 6 18. Emperor Yang Di was killed by the Ministry in Jiangdu, and the Sui Dynasty perished.
In 6 18, Li Yuan proclaimed himself emperor in Chang 'an (Tang Gaozu) and established the Tang Dynasty. 2. The rule of Zhenguan: the pioneer-Emperor Taizong Li Shimin (year number Zhenguan) (1) Measures: ① Select good officials and improve administrative efficiency: he appointed Sun Chang Wuji, Fang Lingxuan, Du Ruhui and Wei Zhi as six important positions in three provinces; (2) ignoring the concern for farmers; (3) simplify the law and punish lightly, amend the law and formulate the law of chastity; ④ Attach importance to education and cultivate talents; ⑤ Implementing the policy of combining kindness with compassion and improving ethnic relations, Emperor Taizong was honored as "Tiankhan" by leaders of all ethnic groups.
(2) Results: During the Zhenguan period, due to the enlightened and pragmatic policies, economic development, political clarity, social stability and strong national strength, it was called "Zhenguan rule" in history. (3) Influence: The rule of Zhenguan laid the foundation for the further development of the Tang Dynasty, and his brilliant achievements made Emperor Taizong one of the most famous emperors in China history.
The second lesson is that the Tang Dynasty is in its heyday, Wu Zetian 1. Peanuts: In 690, the title of the country was changed to Zhou. 2. Measures: (1) Strike against the royal family and other aristocratic groups in the Tang Dynasty, recruit talents in many ways, and promote Yao Chong and Song Jing.
(2) personally organize the preparation of agricultural books and promulgate them nationwide to guide agricultural production. (3) Encourage the construction of water conservancy and plant mulberry and sericulture.
(4) Allow the unemployed people in Guanzhong and other places to migrate to places with a vast territory and few people. (5) reducing or exempting taxes and corvees.
(6) Take land reclamation and grain production as the important basis for assessing local officials. 3. Impact: Social, economic and cultural development continued.
Second, the golden age of kaiyuan: pioneers-Li Longji 1 Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. Measures: (1) Appoint talents and personally evaluate county orders. (2) Develop production, encourage land reclamation, build water conservancy projects, organize finance, and clean up land and household registration.
(3) Abolish the harsh laws of Wu Zetian. (4) advocating thrift.
2. Results: The economy and culture of the Tang Dynasty had a new development and entered its heyday, which was called "the flourishing age of Kaiyuan" in history. The establishment and development of the imperial examination system 1. Establishment and development of the imperial examination system: (1) Establishment: Yang Di opened the imperial examination department, and the imperial examination system was formally established.
(2) Development: In the Tang Dynasty, the imperial examination became the most important way to select officials. Second, the content of the imperial examination system: 1. Basic characteristics: Examination by subject, merit-based admission.
2. Category: divided into two categories: conventional classification and systematic classification. In general subjects, the most important thing is Jinshi, followed by Mingjing.
Lifting is a special subject set up by the emperor to select "extraordinary people". 3. Procedure: the initial examination of the state capital-the provincial examination of Shangshu-the examination of the official department, and the appointment of talents.
Third, the influence of the imperial examination system: the imperial examination system is a new system of selecting officials. Its appearance shows that the system of selecting officials in ancient China has changed from recommendation inspection to examination.
Through relatively fair and just examinations, a group of people with real talent and learning have entered political power at all levels. This system has been used for 1300 years, which has had a far-reaching impact on the history of our country.
Lesson 4 Ethnic Relations in the Tang Dynasty 1. The relationship between Tang Dynasty and Tubo 1. Brief introduction of Tubo: Living on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, he is the ancestor of Tibetans. 2. Establishment of political power: At the beginning of the 7th century, Songzan Gambo unified Tubo, making its capital more logical (now * * * * *).
3. The relationship between Tang and Tubo: (1) Intermarriage: Princess Wencheng and Songzan Gambu, Princess Jincheng and. (2): In 823, Tang and Fan formally formed an alliance and set up a monument.
Second, the relationship between Tang and Nanzhao 1. Summary: Living in Erhai Lake, Yunnan Province, he is the ancestor of Yi and Bai nationalities. 2. Establishment of political power: At the beginning of the 8th century, with the support of the Tang Dynasty, Mengshe imperial edict unified the imperial edicts of the six countries, and established the Nanzhao political power centered on Taihecheng (now Dali, Yunnan).
3. The relationship between the Tang Dynasty and Nanzhao: Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty conferred the title of the leader of Nanzhao, Pirog, as the king of Yunnan. Third, the relationship between Tang and Uighur 1. Summary of Uighur: Also known as Uighur, it is the ancestor of the * * * Er nationality.
2. The relationship between Tang and Uighur: (1) Sending troops to help: Emperor Taizong helped him to perish the East Turkistan, and helped Tang Jun recover Chang 'an and Luoyang during the Anshi Rebellion; (2) conferring: Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty conferred the title of Guli Peiluo as Huairen Khan. Lesson 5 Foreign Cultural Exchanges in the Tang Dynasty 1. Sino-Japanese relations 1. Embassy in Tang Dynasty: (1) Purpose: To strengthen the relations between the two countries and learn the advanced economy and culture of the Tang Dynasty.
(2) Representatives: Konghai, Abe Middle Road (Chao Heng) and Kibi No Asomi Makibi. 2. Jian Zhen Du Dong: Contribution: teaching Buddhist theory, spreading China culture and promoting the development of Japanese Buddhism, medicine, architecture and sculpture.
2. China-India relations 1. Overview of Tianzhu: Known as the Indian Peninsula in ancient times, it is the birthplace of Buddhism. 2. Xuanzang's Journey to the West: Contribution: Mastering Buddhist theory, translating Buddhist scriptures, and compiling "The Story of the Western Regions of Datang".
The development of ethnic relations and the southward shift of economic center of gravity Lesson 6 Coexistence of Liao, Song, Xia and Jin 1. Coexistence of ethnic regimes The establishment of state power and the demise of Liao Qidan In 9 16, Lu Ye Abaoji established the Qidan State, with its capital in Beijing. In 947, Yeludeguang changed to Liao.
1 125, Jin destroyed Liao, Northern Song Dynasty and Han Dynasty. In 960, the Northern Song Dynasty was established, with its capital in Tokyo (Kaifeng) 1 127, Jin destroyed Xixia Northern Song Dynasty 1038, and Yuan Hao established Xixia, with its capital in Xingqing (Yinchuan Huining Prefecture (Acheng, Heilongjiang Province) had its capital at 1234, Mongolia destroyed Jin Nan Han at 1 127, Zhao established Lin 'an (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province) with its capital at 1276, and Yuan destroyed the Southern Song Dynasty and the relationship between the two regimes was 1. War and peace between Liao and Northern Song Dynasty. 2. War and peace between Xixia and Northern Song Dynasty: 1044, the two sides set up a trade market in the border area to exchange needed materials and maintained a long-term peaceful relationship.
3. Confrontation between the Southern Song Dynasty and the Jin Dynasty: (1) Yue Fei resisted the Jin Dynasty; (2) Jin Song Peace Talks:114/year, the fighting between the two sides basically stopped and the northern economy gradually stopped.