But at present, there are different opinions about its source. One is a bird man who moved from Guizhou to Xiangxi in ancient times; In addition, it is said that he is a descendant of white craftsmen who moved from Jiangxi to Xiangxi in the late Tang Dynasty and early Five Dynasties (about 9 10).
Tujia people in western Hunan and western Hubei are called "natives" and "natives" in historical records, and the name "Tujia" began to be used in local chronicles in the late Qing Dynasty.
Historically, the feudal lords' economy developed from the Five Dynasties (907-979) until Yongzheng (1723- 1735) in the Qing Dynasty, and gradually transitioned to the landlord economy.
Before the founding of New China, the social economy was in the development stage of feudal landlord economy.
After the founding of New China, social reform was implemented and two autonomous prefectures were established together with the Miao people.
More than 2,000 years ago, they settled in present-day western Hunan and western Hubei, and were called "Wu Lingren" or "Wuxi people" together with other ethnic minorities.
After the Song Dynasty, Tujia people were called "Tu Ding" and "Tu Min" respectively.
After the founding of New China, it was officially named Tujia according to the wishes of Tujia people.
There have been many disputes about the origin of Tujia nationality in the history circle, but most scholars believe that Tujia nationality is a descendant of Cubans.
They generally believe that 400-600 BC was the most prosperous period of Bazi State (now Chongqing), but by 3 16 BC, Bazi State was destroyed by Qin State.
During the period before and after the demise of Bazhou, Ba people began to migrate from Chongqing to the east.
From 1300, the residents in this area were gradually called "Tujia".
The argument that Ba people evolved into Tujia people;
1, Ba people have the same pronunciation as Tujia people.
Tujia people call themselves "Bizka", where "Bizka" is the name itself and "Ka" is equal to "home" or "home".
In ancient and medieval times, Ba people claimed to have syllables with "bi". As for place names, Ba people once lived in Baidicheng and Baitutan in Hunan, Baijiedong, Beijiaping and Baiji Mountain in Hubei, Baizishan, Bai Zhishan and Bijie County in Guizhou, Bai Jie and Baizhi Mountain in Chongqing, and some areas with "soft-shelled turtles".
In terms of personal names, surnames and ethnic names, in the areas or history where Ba people once lived, there are: Pi, Ban, Team, Ban, Fuyi, Bizuqi, Biji and Bixi.
2. Both Ba people and Tujia people live in an environment where tigers are rampant, and both worship the white tiger god.
The southwest and south-central areas where Ba people and Tujia people live have been an enviable environment since ancient times, which can be seen everywhere in ancient books such as Shan Hai Jing, Han Shu, Huayang National Records, Nanqi Book, Schumann, Yuan Tan and Tiger Emblem.
Ba people claim to be descendants of the White Tiger and worship the White Tiger God.
"The Biography of Nan Man Southwest Yi in the Later Han Dynasty" said: "Death turns a white tiger into a soul.
Pasteur drank human blood from tigers, so he worshipped people.
The Records of Huayang Country records that "Rongren" in the early Han Dynasty was also called "White Tiger Restoring Yi".
In the inscriptions of Fanchang and Zhang Xiang in the Eastern Han Dynasty, there are two "white tigers changing into kings", namely "and".
After entering the Jin Dynasty, "Rongren" was also called "Bowhead Tiger".
At the end of the Northern and Southern Dynasties, some Ba people along the Yangtze River in eastern Hubei claimed to belong to the "Tiger People" tribe.
Fan Chuo's Schumann (Volume 10) said: "There are many things in Pakistan and China, even after the rebellion.
..... Pap worships ancestors, beating gongs and drums, offering sacrifices, even after the white tiger.
It can be seen that from the early years of the Western Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty, Ba people either called themselves "white tigers" or "tigers".
3. Ba people and Tujia people have the same vocabulary.
This is: the tiger is called "Li" and the fish is called "God Fish".
Both Ba people and Tujia people have a word called "Li" by tigers.
The example of Ba people calling fish "divine fish" is similar to the similar names of Tujia people today.
4. Ba people have the same surname as Tujia people. According to Shiben and Huayang Guozhi Bazhi, Ba has five surnames, while Ba in Banyuan has seven surnames.
The study of Ba surname is an important content related to the origin, evolution and integration of Ba surname, which has always been valued by scholars.
In his works, Mr. Pan Guangdan made a detailed textual research on the development and whereabouts of the five surnames and seven surnames of Ba people.
Regarding the five surnames, he said: Ba, as a surname, seems not to have been handed down in Ba area except his own surname Ba, and there was a Ba Man Zi in the Warring States Period. However, in the * * * area, some people's names are Bafan, and there are some place names with Fan characters, such as Fankou and Fancheng, which may be related to the Ba people's surname. Can say with Fan Shi is fann and numerous.
Yes, there are no records of people who directly take the word "You" as their surnames, but there are many examples of the same or similar pronunciation and image as their surnames, such as Tan and Tan. Are more or less related to Ba people and their descendants Tujia people.
Xiang is said to have later evolved into the most popular surname of Tujia nationality.
Zheng also exists in Tujia people today.
Tujia surname
There are many Tujia names in Wave Song. They are: Yong Ni, Buso, Japanese Guest, Geodetic, Craftsman Shuai Bapei, Luo Yu, Mobikaba, Nanny Chunba, Mo Tieba, Nuotieba, Nanny Yiwo, Touga, Xilang, etc.
Among them, Yong Ni, Sister Chunba, Sister Yiwo and Lance are women, while Tuga is a neutral figure, but men are still women.
They all have their own jobs
Yong Ni and Bu Suo are ancestors of breeding human beings (equivalent to Nuo Gong and Nuo Mu in Han culture), Japanese and Tuke are two capable people in Tujia ancestors, craftsman Shuai Bapei is a hero in Tujia ancestors, Luo Yu is a warrior who shoots at the sun, Moby Kabbah is the richest man in Tujia ancestors, mother Chunba is the patron saint of babies, and Moby Kabbah is the supreme god in Tujia ancestors.
Song of Horse Body is a primitive witch song sung by Tujia wizard Horse Body.
And some Tujia names.
They are: Ma Ti, Chunbagne, Basha, Setupapu, Balecha, etc.
Each of them has a job. Ma Ti is a wizard who works for Tujia people. Chunbanie and Rebanie are two brothers and sisters who chase the sun in Tujia legend. Basha is the god of fate in Tujia legend. Xuantubapu is a very valued elder among Tujia ancestors, and Balechaqi is a very capable woman among Tujia ancestors.
On the origin of Tian clan in Tujia nationality: the ancestor of Rongmei Tusi is called Mo clan, which means "King of Heaven" or "Leader" in Tujia language. With the gradual blending with China culture, Rongmei Tusi changed from "ink" to "heaven", then from "heaven" to "heaven", and from ink to heaven.
Other Tujia surnames (Xiang, Peng, Qin and Ran) can also be verified to have evolved from the local Ba ancestors.
The Analects of Confucius is the earliest book to record Tujia people's names.
There is a madman named Jieyu in The Analects of Confucius. Because Jieyu's ancestor is Pengkeng, one of Tujia ancestors, it is not a big problem for Jieyu to be named after Tujia people.
The name structure of Jieyu is consistent with the name structure of Tujia language, and * * * will never take such a name.
In the Han Dynasty, Tujia people's names gradually appeared in history books.
During the Jianwu period of the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 25-57), there was a man who lived in Chonglou (now Sangzhi and Cili) and was a one-way man (meaning "hero" in Tujia language). Chege (Tujia place name, in Liaojiaqiao Village, Sangzhi County, Hunan Province) was born in the Eastern Han Dynasty.
Fighting Fu Bo's famous Ma Yuan, he was recorded in the History Books of Later Han Dynasty and History as a Mirror.
With the development of society, Tujia people's names have been infiltrated by Chinese culture, and the name format is gradually close to that of China people, forming a three-character grid: name = surname+word school+name; Or a two-character grid: first name = last name+first name.
The ancient name of Tujia nationality.
Among Tujia people's names in the Middle Ages, there are some almost intact archaized names.
For example, in the Five Dynasties, there were two Tujia chiefs in Longshan County, Hunan Province, one named Jia Bachong and the other named Chun Bachong.
Rush, send, pet and heel in Tujia names are all different pronunciations of the same syllable.
It means "hero".
Some people say that "rushing", "sending", "spoiling" and "following" mean toast or officials, which is very debatable, because in Tujia language, toast or officials are called "gamai". So far, there is no strong evidence that rushing, sending, petting and following in Tujia language are toast and officials.
However, Jabba and Chunba are imitations of Jabba and Chunba in the Song of Horse Body.
Originally, Chunbagne was a woman. Because Chunba Chong worships Chunba Nie very much, he did it regardless of whether she is a woman or not.
Tujia people's names developed from no surnames to surnames, and later they had their own family names and genealogies, which were basically sinicized.
Tujia people often embed Tujia language that means "Xiao" into people's names to express nicknames.
The Tujia word "gei" means small.
For example, the young man is called "Akbi" in Tujia language; Miss Ru is called "Adabi" in Tujia language.
Every Tujia name has a nickname, and "gei" is often added as a suffix.
In the Middle Ages, it was very popular to add "Bi" to Tujia names.
For example, the seventh generation toast of Rongmei in Ming Dynasty was called Bai Bailey.
His surname is Tian, not Bai.
"Libaibi" is a Tujia language, which means children.
Although she is an unmarried woman, she has been spoiled by her parents since she was a child, and her personality has expanded viciously. When he grew up, he killed his father and brother and seized the throne of the toast.
In addition, one of the chief officials in the lawsuit of the two rivers in the Dala Temple in Baojing in Ming Dynasty was named Habi, in which Peng was the surname, Yao was the youngest child in Tujia language, and Habi was the nickname of his parents, which has been used in Tujia language areas to this day.
In the Tujia language area, there are many nicknames such as "Lao Si Bi", "Kehabi", "Ukabi" and "An Ge Bi".
The influence of Han culture on Tujia nationality can be traced back to the Five Dynasties.
At that time, after Jiangxi Peng was in charge of Xiangxi, Chinese culture poured in.
Originally, Tusi Wu Cuochong, Rebachong and Chunbachong, who had no surnames in Tujia areas in western Hunan, withdrew from the historical stage and were replaced by Peng, Tian, Xiang and Qin. As soon as they came to power, their power was overwhelming.
The most prominent figure, Hei Pink, appeared and became the chief overlord of the separatist regime.
Under the pressure of power, Tujia people without surnames attached their surnames to Peng, Tian, Xiang and Qin, so a series of China surnames appeared in Tujia history books.
At the same time, according to the law of mutual infiltration of anthropology, various cultures are mutual infiltration.
China culture permeates Tujia names, and Tujia names also have a reverse osmosis ability.
As mentioned earlier, Peng is a native of Xizhou, Jiangxi Province, and also has a Tujia name-Mofu. His minister Tujia name is Nie Kelai to Zongyan.
In the Ming Dynasty, there was a combination of Tujia and China names. For example, the toast of Lianghekou is called Yao Peng Habi and Peng Dache Yike, and the toast of Baojing Xuanwei is called Peng Nan pestle. The south says that the state toast Peng Donkey is always suitable, Peng Zui gives it, Peng Yelang gives it, and Peng Ci gives it to him. The toast in Baiyadong is Zhang Mai's heel, and the toast in Baifu is happy to sit by the sea.
Some chiefs and Tujia leaders are all Tujia names, and they have got rid of the shackles of surnames, indicating that there are still historical remains.
For example, in the south, the country knows that the country forgives the law, and the owner gives it, and if it is provoked, it will be sent. Upper Xizhou, knowing the state of Mochong, Maichong, Gu Hee Answer, Luo Hee Answer. The donkey is late to the earth, Dida, Ermo Heel, Maitie Heel, Tianjia Dadi Kuimai, Maihe and Maida. Only in this way can we live a good life! Do you know that?/You know what?