Russia is a traditional agricultural country. After the development of commodity agriculture, it was once the world's agricultural product exporter at the beginning of 19 century. Siberian hard wheat and butter enjoy a high reputation in the international market. Over the past 70 years in the former Soviet Union, although Russian industry has made great progress, the slow development of agriculture has seriously restricted the development of the national economy. Agricultural production conditions and production status quo Russia has vast land resources. On the land of 65.438+0.7 billion hectares, there are more than 500 million hectares suitable for developing large-scale agriculture, accounting for about 654.38+0/3 of the land. However, at present, only 228 million hectares of agricultural land have been utilized, of which 60% is cultivated land, 65,438+05% is mowed land and 25% is pasture land. This shows that agricultural land has great potential. Climate and soil conditions are suitable for the development of comprehensive agriculture, and different agricultural natural areas provide favorable conditions for the development of different agricultural sectors. Strong industrial base and numerous population and labor resources are also favorable factors for developing agriculture. However, the distribution of water and heat resources is uneven and the contradiction is prominent. Low temperature and low humidity in the north, high temperature and water shortage in the south, and periodic drought have brought adverse effects on agricultural production. The malpractice and mismanagement of the management system are also important reasons for the long-term backwardness of agricultural production. Since the 1970s, Russia's grain output has been hovering between 0.9 ~1.10.50 billion tons, which is more than double that of 19 13. However, compared with western major industrial countries, its agricultural modernization level is not high, and the output of agricultural and livestock products is low. The grain and meat produced by each agricultural labor force is only equivalent to 65,438+of the United States. Since 1970s, a large amount of grain has been imported every year to solve the shortage of grain and feed.