Recently, strong convective weather has occurred in many places in China, causing some casualties and property losses, which has aroused widespread concern. In fact, China is one of the countries with the most serious natural disasters in the world, with many kinds of disasters, wide geographical distribution, high frequency and heavy losses. At present, China is conducting the first national comprehensive risk survey of natural disasters. Why did you conduct this census? What is the function of census? How to conduct a census? At the press conference held by the State Council on May 18, the responsible persons of relevant parties interpreted this.
Why Census: An Important Survey of National Conditions and National Strength
Zheng Guoguang, secretary-general of the National Disaster Reduction Committee and director of the first national comprehensive risk investigation office of natural disasters in the State Council, introduced that the main objectives of the investigation include:
First, we must find out the risk basis of natural disasters. Comprehensive access to the national earthquake disasters, geological disasters, meteorological disasters, floods and droughts, marine disasters, forest and grassland fires and other six categories of 22 kinds of disaster information, as well as population, economy, housing, infrastructure, public service system, tertiary industry and other important disaster-bearing information, grasp the historical disaster information, and find out the regional comprehensive disaster reduction capacity.
The second is to grasp the risk law of natural disasters and put forward the national comprehensive prevention and control zoning and prevention suggestions.
Third, it is necessary to build a technical support system for natural disaster risk prevention and control, establish a national comprehensive natural disaster risk investigation and evaluation index system, and form a sub-regional and sub-type national comprehensive natural disaster risk basic database.
"This census is an important survey of national conditions and national strength." Zheng Guoguang said that this census was attended by 17 departments at the national level, and all provinces, cities and counties in China participated.
What's the role? Improve disaster prevention and control capabilities.
Many people are concerned about the specific role of comprehensive risk investigation of natural disasters.
Take the risk investigation of meteorological disasters as an example. Wang Zhihua, director of the Disaster Reduction and Public Service Department of China Meteorological Bureau, said: "In the future, we can not only tell you what the weather will be like tomorrow, but also tell you what impact this weather may bring, where the risk of disasters is high, and promote the transformation of disastrous weather forecast to meteorological disaster risk warning."
Wang Zhihua also said that on the other hand, the meteorological disaster risk zoning formed by the census can guide the whole society to scientifically formulate meteorological disaster prevention standards for infrastructure in various regions, which is more conducive to promoting the construction of disaster-resistant cities and disaster-resistant villages and fundamentally improving the ability to resist various meteorological disasters.
Yu Haifeng, director of the Geological Exploration and Management Department of the Ministry of Natural Resources, said that compared with previous geological disaster surveys, this geological disaster risk survey further highlighted the working concept of "changing from focusing on post-disaster relief to focusing on pre-disaster prevention, and from reducing disaster losses to reducing disaster risks", focusing on investigating and evaluating the risks caused by geological disasters to people's lives and property.
How to conduct a census: It will be rolled out in the whole country soon.
Zheng Guoguang said that the first national comprehensive risk survey of natural disasters was conducted from 2020 to 2022. The census work is organized and implemented in accordance with the principle of "unified national leadership, division of labor and cooperation among departments, responsibility at local levels, and joint participation of all parties", and it is divided into pre-census preparation, pilot "conference war", national pilot, and comprehensive development.
The reporter learned from the press conference that the national pilot work of the census has been completed and the census work will be fully rolled out nationwide.
Zheng Guoguang said that by the end of this year, the nationwide investigation task and the risk assessment and zoning of 122 pilot counties will be completed. In the first half of next year, the local census task should be basically completed. In the second half of next year, comprehensive disaster risk assessment and zoning will be carried out at the national level, forming a comprehensive natural disaster prevention and control zoning at the national and inter-provincial levels. Summarize the census work, form a national comprehensive natural disaster risk basic database, form a set of results, normalize and institutionalize the comprehensive disaster risk investigation, evaluation and zoning, realize timely and dynamic update, and continue to play the application value of the census results.
Data quality is the "lifeline" of census work. In this regard, Bobby Chen, director of the Risk Monitoring and Comprehensive Disaster Reduction Department of the Emergency Management Department, said that in order to ensure the quality of census data, the State Council Census Office strengthened its work from four aspects: organizational leadership, technical guidance, graded responsibility and accountability. He said: "Census institutions at all levels will investigate and report violations of laws and regulations in census work, and resolutely put an end to human intervention in census work."