? A poem makes you cry? Li Bai often used poetry as a stepping stone to become an official when he was young. For example, he wrote a letter of recommendation to Han who was good at introducing talents to the imperial court. It starts with:? Don't seal Wan Huhou, I wish I knew Han Jingzhou (? Do you know Jing That's how the word comes from)? At the end of the letter, don't forget to belittle yourself: Afraid of carving small skills, not an adult? .
? Insect carving skills? From Sui Shu? Li chuan:? Carving worms is like a generation of children. ? Some scholars also think that the original name of carving insects is? Carving insects and seal cutting? , from the western han dynasty writer Yang Xiong's eyes? My son, he regarded his talent of writing poems when he was young as a skill of carving insects and seals, and stopped doing it when he was an adult.
? Seal cutting? It's easy to understand, but what is this? Carving insects
? Bugs? , here refers to a writing style, namely? Worm book? Also known as? Bird book? Or? Bird print? (pre-Qin period? Bird? Also known as? Feather worm? , refers to insects with wings), as Duan Yucai wrote in his notes in the Qing Dynasty. The book of birds and insects means that it is either like a bird or like an insect, which is also called a feather worm. ?
Bird and insect book, whose glyph is integrated with bird shape, or bird shape is attached to the words for decoration; His brush strokes pretend to be curved, like the bending of an insect's body. Flower, bird and insect calligraphy is a variant of seal script in the pre-Qin period. It is a special artistic font popular in southern countries such as Wu, Yue, Chu, Cai and Song during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, which represents the aesthetics of characters in that era.
At that time, birds and insects were not only used as flags, weapons and symbols, but also decorated with inscriptions on bronzes. Many of them were inlaid with gold in the concave patterns of inscriptions, which made them more noble and gorgeous. Because,? Carving? In addition to referring to large raptors (birds), it also means carving, so the ancients called it carving insects to write or engrave the Book of Birds and Insects. Later, the ancients used to compare writing calligraphy to carving insects, and writing articles was called carving dragons.
However, how can this difficult calligraphy of carving insects be simplified as? Trick? And then what?
? Trick? What is this? Technology comes from hands, from branches, and the combination of hands and branches represents a kind of physical labor to maintain life or support the family. Its original meaning is the craft on which to make a living. ? Trick? Is it a trivial craft or a trivial skill? Although the calligraphy style of carving insects was widely used in southern countries during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and was once listed as one of the eight styles in Qin Shu, it is a decorative artistic calligraphy style, which is not practical. Later, it was gradually abandoned by people, so it was rarely reprinted since the Han Dynasty.
However, at present, folk artists can occasionally write a so-called calligraphy method of flowers, birds and insects with homemade bamboo pens or wooden pens in the market. As for this colorful font, like the big quilt on the kang in the northeast, I don't know if it has anything to do with the insect carving calligraphy in the pre-Qin period.
Moreover, because the fixed decorative style of carved insect calligraphy is difficult to match the calligraphy style of pursuing individuality, it is denounced as a cliche or craftsman spirit by later scholars. In the book Shu Pu, Sun despised The Book of Engraving Insects. Skillfully involved in Dan Qing, thanks to calligraphy? This is just a trick.
? Technology? What makes it? Small? ,? Insect carving skills? There are historical and social reasons why it is called insignificant skill. Craft is mastered by people, so? Technology? It also refers to people engaged in certain industries or handicrafts, that is, craftsmen or craftsmen.
China has been a big agricultural country since ancient times, and taking agriculture as the foundation was the historical choice at that time. Under the policy of emphasizing agriculture and restraining commerce, the social status of ancient craftsmen in China was low, and all people and things related to technology seemed to be ignored by society, making it difficult to be elegant and rich.
From the bronze inscription? Baigong? , is almost a slave to handicraft workers. In the Spring and Autumn Period, Guan Zhong, Prime Minister of Qi State, proposed? Scholars, farmers, workers, businessmen? The separation theory of the four people's settlements objectively contributed to the later feudal society? Scholars, farmers, workers, businessmen? Division of status. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, the status of craftsmen was improved. But in the yuan dynasty, the government passed strict? Craftsman? System, to limit and enslave craftsmen. It was not until after the Qing Dynasty that the craftsman system, which had been practiced for more than two thousand years, was abolished.
In ancient China, because craftsmen were at the bottom of society and had no political status, their profession was not something to show off, let alone? Let go of the family, rule the country and level the world? Compared with the scholar-officials, you can't even compare? Do it at sunrise and rest at sunset? The ratio of farmers to farmers is the same, in? Wonderful workmanship? 、? Clever? 、? Skillful craftsman? Behind their praise, their contribution to civilized society is ultimately inevitable? Small tricks, tricks, tricks? Destination, so there will be? A hard-working person, the gentleman despises? Social discrimination is deeply rooted.