(20 13- 1 1- 19 15:23:36)
There are many "plaques" and "couplets" in Lingyun Mountain where Leshan Giant Buddha is located, which are extremely rich in content. Among them, many original works of the ancients were copied. With the development of scenic spots, many good and relatively good works have appeared in newly-built landscapes. Hok Him Wong, director of Leshan Cultural Relics Bureau, put it well: "Ancient buildings or antique buildings! If you can't see the couplets inside, you always feel embarrassed, which means that a person wears a suit but doesn't wear it! What a vivid metaphor!
Perhaps this is the case. Successive leaders of Lingyun Mountain have paid more attention to this issue. However, when people watch these "plaques" and "couplets", they may not always understand their connotations carefully? In this paper, only two couplets in two newly-built landscapes in Lingyun Mountain are used to describe the interesting legends and stories contained in the couplets:
Moon Pavilion. Go out from the main entrance of Dongpo Memorial Hall, walk down the stone steps and turn left, and you will find Meiyuan. Cross "Meiyuan" and turn left ten steps. The wooden plaque of "Moon Pavilion" inscribed by the famous painter Li Qiongjiu is very eye-catching. This exquisite, simple and elegant Ming and Qing antique building is the "Moon Pavilion".
According to historical records, the "Moon Pavilion" was originally located in the old ancient history city, and Lu You, a patriotic poet in the Song Dynasty, often traveled here during his part-time job in ancient history. The name of "Moon Pavilion" is Lu. He is "Pavilion", the construction of high platform, and "Moon". Lu You was adapted from Li Bai's poem "Half Moon Autumn in Emei Mountain". What a desirable place! It's a pity that the historic sites have long since disappeared!
In order to inherit the history and record the humanities, 1987 was designed and constructed by Zeng Zhiliang, the chief of the Cultural Protection Construction Section of this unit. Let history, a very meaningful ancient cultural landscape, reappear in Lingyun Mountain. "Courtyard" and "courtyard" are intertwined, and "corridor" and "square" are interdependent. Tourists stop here! There is a round door in the yard, and a couplet on it is not very eye-catching and often won't attract people's attention!
The first part: "the pole head should carry the ground";
Part II: "Moline Wave of Buddha's Foot".
The author and the calligrapher are the same person, that is, Mr. Wan Yaozong, a calligrapher who participated in the "Leshan Sino-Japanese Calligraphy Pen Club" in Lingyun Mountain and won favorable comments. Couplets with only ten words seem simple, but there are folk tales that have been known throughout the ages in ancient history!
The pole head must bear the ground. It means that the land in Leshan city was carried by the master of the Buddha with a water hose that was stepped on by the golden bamboo pole in the Dragon Palace.
"The Buddha's foot was put in the cold palace." Leshan Giant Buddha can't "wash his feet", saying that Leshan has been flooded since ancient times, and the feet of the giant Buddha can't be submerged, otherwise Leshan City will be submerged. What a legendary folklore!
To know the ins and outs of the story, you need to mention "Leshan Giant Buddha-Lingyun Mountain"! It is said that Su Dongpo of Dongpo Memorial Hall is knowledgeable, and the water dragon king of Sanjiang Dragon Palace fell in love with him, so he ordered his "three princes" to worship Dongpo as a teacher and often go to Dongpo Memorial Hall to study. The "three princes" are very diligent. They go out early and return late all year round, and often haunt the caves at the foot of the giant Buddha. One day, when Su Dongpo saw the third prince sad, he asked him why. The "third prince" replied with a sad face: "I heard from my father yesterday that Jiazhou City is about to sink. I am so anxious!" Su Dongpo was very surprised and deeply disturbed! So he and the "three princes" agreed to go to the Dragon Palace for help. The Dragon King suddenly saw his son's teacher "coming", so he honored Su Dongpo as a guest of honor and asked happily, "Is there any requirement for your husband when he comes?" Su Dongpo replied quietly: "You are right, I want to borrow something from the Dragon King!" The Dragon King said, "There are treasures everywhere in the Dragon Palace. Choose!" Su Dongpo said, "You don't need treasure, just borrow a piece of land from the Dragon King!" The dragon king was deeply surprised! Q: "What's the use of land? Not worth mentioning! " Su Dongpo replied: "Using the vegetable garden, you need to grow vegetables!" The Dragon King asked, "Where is the best place? Just borrow it! " Su Dongpo looked up at the historic city and said, "That's it! Can you call? " The dragon king readily agreed. Su Dongpo know perfectly well past ask, "unexpected things happen. Is the land in history safe? " The dragon king replied, "To tell you the truth, there will soon be a sinking disaster in history!" " Dongpo's topic changed: "In this case, is it available?" The Dragon King smiled and said, "What's so difficult? I support each other with gold and bamboo, which is foolproof! " Su Dongpo was just about to get up and leave when the Dragon King asked, "When will the teacher return to the ground?" Unexpectedly, Dongpo pretended to be confused in his panic and waved his hand high, meaning that he would never return it again. But the Dragon King misunderstood Su Dongpo's palm height as "sticking out five fingers" and said, "Ah! Got it! As soon as the fifth watch rings, it's time to go back to the ground! " Su Dongpo, who is knowledgeable, also ate a "closed door". In the face of embarrassment, I can't say yes, just say goodbye. Immediately after landing, he ordered: "The ancient city of Jiazhou is not allowed to play the fifth watch from now on." If the gong doesn't ring, the city of history will be safe forever! "Leshan has never even played since ancient times!" "The flood never floods the Buddha's feet!" Since then, it has become a well-known story of Leshan people, old and young!
Western Heaven. Surrounded by pines and cypresses, surrounded by pink walls, a towering imitation Tang-style palace is located on the Danxia Peak, which is an extension of the cultural connotation of Leshan Giant Buddha, "Buddha Paradise". (This landscape will be described exclusively later. ) On the main entrance of Tianwang Temple, there is a gold-lettered couplet of Nanmu.
The first part: "Maitreya's failure to become a Buddha is to make all living beings get a degree";
Bottom line: "Ordinary people must be kind if they want to ascend to heaven"!
The authors of couplets and books are two famous cultural figures, cultural relics experts and calligraphers who died in Leshan. The former is Luo Mengding and the latter is Tian. The creation of this couplet by two old gentlemen originated from a Buddhist story:
It is said that in the western paradise, one day, two brothers, "Sakyamuni Buddha" and "Maitreya Buddha" took their teacher "Disha Buddha" out for a trip. Walking, relaxed and happy, they suddenly landed on the earth, walking, walking, and suddenly a high mountain blocked their way. "Bottom Sand" flew vertically to the top of the mountain, laughed heartily, sounded like Hong Zhong, and said, "Listen! When I give the order, you two should start at once. Whoever can get to me first, our teacher will make way for him, which is the Buddha now, and vice versa! " After the words "bottom sand" are finished, "release and increase" will come! When I turned to look, "Maitreya Buddha" did not move. Why? "Maitreya Buddha" opened the pot-bellied hand-held cloth bag and said happily, "Brother goes first, brother goes to all beings!" The story shows that "Sakyamuni" is the "present Buddha" and "Maitreya Buddha" is the "future Buddha".
The author wrote a couplet based on Buddhist stories, which was intended to warn the world that the miraculous Maitreya Buddha was willing to be only a "future Buddha" for the sake of universal life. And we ordinary people today, if we want to "ascend to heaven" after death in the future, we must be kind-hearted when we are alive, do more good things and not do bad things!
Continuous articles, to be continued?
? 20 13 1 1 19
The story behind Leshan Giant Buddha
? (20 13-02-28 13:00: 18)
? "Buddha and mountain are high, and mountain and Buddha are in harmony". This is the shock when I first saw Leshan Giant Buddha in the early 1950s! When people pay homage to Leshan Giant Buddha, they will definitely think of Lingyun Mountain. The reason is simple, because Leshan Giant Buddha was carved along the cliff of Lingyun Mountain. In a sense, if there is no Lingyun Mountain, there may be no Leshan Giant Buddha. To put it more directly: Leshan Giant Buddha takes Lingyun Mountain as its pure land, and Lingyun Mountain shines because of Leshan Giant Buddha!
Lingyun Mountain. As its name implies, it aims at "Lingyun". What a veritable title! Dan Cliff is steep, lush and mainstay, and Wei Town is the "Three Rivers". No matter "Dadu River" and "Three Rivers" gallop and storm the shore, it will stand still! The raging evil water reached its feet, let it roar and roar, and finally it had to run around!
The ancients said: "The mountains and rivers in the world are in Shu, and the mountains and rivers in Shu are called history, and the victory of history is called Lingyun." Lingyun Mountain consists of nine small peaks: Lingbao, Wang Yun, Jifeng, Qiluan, Cui Yong, Danxia, Jiuri, Duiyue and Zhu Rong, so it is called "Lingyun Jiu Feng" or "Xiao Jiu Ben". The ancients once left wonderful poems on every mountain peak. Let's give one or two examples:
Qiluan Peak: Cliff, Qiluan is smart. Maitreya is tired of watching the sky. It is 300 feet on the seventh floor of the pavilion, and the Tsing Yi River meets Huai 'an.
Lingbao Peak: Lingbao secretly opens the cloud root, Sanshui trades ten thousand horses, and the light is seen outside Miruoping. Peak lists this peak.
Surrounded by lingyun, Maolin xiuzhu, bamboo building painted eaves, overlapping peaks and green mountains, the scenery is charming. Lingyun Temple, a thousand-year-old temple, is simple, solemn and spotless. Because it is located at the top of Lingyun, there is a saying that "birds sing in the temple, and Qingfeng backs Zhulou". In the prosperous Tang Dynasty, Lingbao Tower, despite the vicissitudes of life, stood still, with bells hanging on the tower, wind chimes ringing and Sanskrit falling from the sky.
Since the Tang and Song Dynasties, countless literati have left their remains here. Su Shi, a writer in the Northern Song Dynasty, wrote a poem "I don't want to seal it, I don't want to know that Jingzhou is in Korea. I hope I can travel in the clouds and bring wine at the same time ",which is something that elementary school students in Leshan can recite." Enter from the north gate of Lingyun Mountain, climb the stairs along Lingyun plank road, overlook the sky, sail a little and meet the water and light sky; Looking back, there are countless traces left by the ancients on the cliff. The most striking thing is the five-character regular script "Su Dongpo walks with wine", which is vigorous and powerful. The "wine kiosk" on the right platform makes people stop!
Huang Tingjian, who is as famous as Su Shi, suffered misfortune because of the disorderly dictatorship of the Party. He is knowledgeable and talented, and has traveled all over the world. He also left a beautiful poem in Lingyun Mountain: "Lingyun smiled at the peach blossom and didn't get home until 30 years ago. From then on, after the spring rain, I swam to the end of the world. "
A couplet written by Yang Sheng 'an, a writer in Ming Dynasty, directly left Ling Yunshan with a "farewell song of the ages": "Xia Yun's spring scenery, autumn moon and winter pine treasures occupy four seasons, and the east and west win over northern Lunan, and the golden sky dominates all laws."
There are many historical sites, such as Dongpo Memorial Hall, Shihai Cave, Sutra Building and Zhu Yi Cave.
What is even more precious is the national first-class cultural relics protection unit-"Ma Hao Cliff Tomb in the Eastern Han Dynasty". Tens of thousands of tombs are concentrated in the "Tiger Head Bend", with multiple floors above and below. The cultural relics unearthed in the museum include: sarcophagus, wooden coffins, pottery coffins, pottery houses, pottery horses, pottery chickens, pottery dogs, pottery turtles, especially many lifelike pottery figurines with different shapes. ...
The world-famous stone statue of Maitreya Buddha-"Leshan Giant Buddha" happens to be arranged in such a resort. People have to turn their eyes back to Haitong, the founder of Leshan Giant Buddha and a great figure in history.
Let's read it first. Gao Wei, the detoxifier of Tang Xichuan (the last project engineer of Leshan Giant Buddha), recorded in the Stone Monument of the Great Maitreya Buddha in Lingyun Temple in History that in the past, at the foot of Lingyun Mountain, "thunder thundered for a hundred miles", "asking for money to hit the cliff, there was no one left" and "the boat drifted with the waves. It vividly describes the ancient history in history, the severe situation in which the Three Rivers went straight to Lingyun Mountain, floods, shipwrecks and people died. In order to eradicate the "flood", monk Haitong, with his fearless spirit of "gouging out his own eyes and making a fortune is rare", made alms everywhere and directly directed the vast project of "a thousand people working together". It is conceivable that under the historical conditions at that time, as Qin Gui, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, said in his poem, "The wall is empty, and you can be happy to climb to the top, so that you can know that the universe is vast and overlook the Three Rivers." Haitong is not afraid of difficulties and obstacles, and directs the carving of Buddha statues under the extremely dangerous conditions of cliffs and stormy waves.
If we look at the problem from today's perspective, can we conclude that Haitong is not only a master of compassionate Buddhism? He is also a warrior who saves people's suffering, fights heaven and earth, and cuts mountains and rivers. From the perspective of architecture, he was indeed a well-read and scientifically leading designer and engineer under the historical conditions at that time, and from the perspective of art, he could completely act as an artist proficient in aesthetics.
However, Haitong died before it was completed because of the huge project of carving Buddha statues and the long construction period! His spirit deeply touched the "official" at that time. On this basis, the interviews with Jian Nan and Xichuan were presided over by Zhang Qiu, Joan and Xichuan's ambassador Wei Gao.
Historical figures like Haitong are rare from ancient times to the present. His cleverness lies in facing the reality, adapting to local conditions, fostering strengths and avoiding weaknesses, taking shape from mountains, cutting cliffs to make buddhas, throwing stones to fill rivers and buffering. That is to say, the beautiful scenery of Lingyun Mountain has achieved the purpose of avoiding "flooding" and "icing on the cake". Seen from the historical environment, a good situation in which mountains, water, Buddha and city complement each other and blend together has been formed, which makes this beautiful picture of ancient history more unique!
Of course, the essence of this "Superman" masterpiece focuses on the Buddha statue itself, which is kind-hearted, dignified in manners, correct in sitting posture, smooth in lines and symmetrical in columns. However, when he chiseled the main body of the Buddha statue, he also made an extremely detailed and comprehensive consideration of the surrounding environment that matched the main body of the Buddha statue. He cleverly placed the seat of the Buddha statue in an important position overlooking the "Three Rivers" of Emei and Megatron and the "Flood" of ambition. It is impressive and awe-inspiring that the Buddha stepped on the lotus. On the rock walls on both sides of the Linjiang River, two magnificent King Kong statues are symmetrically carved. What is particularly fascinating is the "Nine Curves Plank Road" carved at the same time. On the stone wall on the right side of the Buddha statue, it circled nine times from bottom to top until it reached the top of Lingyun. When people are there, whether from top to bottom or from bottom to top, as long as they are halfway through Nine Songs, they feel illusory and empty, step by step like a cloud, like a fairyland. I can look down at the abyss of dangerous rocks and feel dizzy. Perhaps you will naturally think of Li Bai's poem: "Thank your shoes, climb the ladder of Yun Lan, halfway through the sunny ocean, the sacred cock crows in space". Some people say, "Infinite scenery is on a dangerous peak". The more dangerous the place, the better the scenery will be. There may be some truth in this statement.
Once again, it is worth mentioning that when people climb the Jiuqu plank road, don't forget the two precious Tang Dynasty relief niches left on the rock wall of the plank road. It is a well-preserved cliff statue among thousands of original niches on both sides of Maitreya Buddha statue. Although the weathering is seriously incomplete, some parts are still very clear, beautifully carved, vivid characters and beautiful lines. There are also pavilions carved on it, which are precious materials for studying the architecture and stone carving art of the Tang Dynasty.
After climbing the plank road, a quaint pavilion appeared immediately. Yuan Zirang in the Ming Dynasty praised this pavilion: "The three pavilions are towering, the water comes from the sky, the smoke is extremely eye-catching, and the Qingtian is endless", which is called "the pavilion near the river".
Lingyun Mountain is really a treasure house of cultural relics and a paradise for calligraphy. With its irreplaceable physical witness, she is known as
Famous Buddhist shrines and national scenic spots in China.
Leshan Giant Buddha is the largest Buddha statue in the world, which is world-famous. It was built in the Kaiyuan period of Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty (AD 7 13). Its project spanned 90 years and experienced four emperors. It was completed in the 19th year of Zhenyuan in Tang Dezong (AD 803). It embodies the wisdom and perseverance of the Chinese nation with indisputable facts! He is seventy-one meters tall. The Buddha statue faces Emei, treads on the Three Rivers, and (Dadu River, Minjiang River and Qingyi River) is connected with Jiu Feng, and (Lingyun Jiu Feng) is magnificent. With its unparalleled historical, scientific and artistic value, it has been listed as a world cultural heritage by UNESCO.
Monuments are irreplaceable physical witnesses of the long history of mankind, and cultural relics can no longer be "born". With the passage of time and vicissitudes of life, it is extremely important to strengthen the protection of treasures! In the early 1980s, Leshan Giant Buddha Cultural Relics Protection Administration was established in Leshan City, Sichuan Province, a land of abundance.
At this time, I was sent by my superiors to the Cultural Bureau of Renshou County People's Government to leave my post and work in Leshan Giant Buddha Cultural Administration Bureau in the spring of "reform and opening up". 1993 After retiring, he worked for 14 years to build and manage the landscape with rich cultural connotation of Leshan Giant Buddha-"Western Heaven". Calculated, I have been "accompanying Buddha", "protecting Buddha" and "protecting Buddha" for more than 20 years, and I have personally experienced many extremely vivid and unforgettable "stories". ? Looking back now, I am filled with emotion! It is necessary to record it for people to appreciate and correct!
The following articles will be published in stages to introduce this "story" systematically. ...
Recalling Leshan's "Cutting Down City Wall Trees" from Lezhi's "Tree Embracing Buddha" Program Village
? (20 17-05-30 10:40: 15)
Recently, I read an eye-catching report in Huaxi Daily: "In front of the main hall of Guobao Temple in Lezhi County, there are thousands of Buddha statues of different sizes and shapes embedded in the root of an ancient banyan tree, forming a rare spectacle in which the Buddha and the tree live side by side ...". I can't help but think of the controversy of cutting down the city wall trees in Leshan last year.
Everyone knows that the "banyan tree", commonly known as the yellow horn tree, likes to live on stones, so when people plant banyan trees, they should deliberately put a lot of stones at the roots, which is conducive to the survival and growth of banyan trees. What is the reason? The demand of banyan trees is also! Because banyan likes a nutrient in cliff stone best, its roots should secrete a liquid to penetrate the stone to absorb the nutrients it needs; On the contrary, the intertwined banyan trees firmly anchored the cliff stone virtually. This is the principle of their interdependence and coexistence. ...
Trees are "spiritual" and people have feelings! Leshan is my second hometown. People who are a little older will remember it clearly. Excuse me: In the old Bashu land, which ancient town, temple, post station and road shop didn't have two towering trees! They are a landscape, but they are more environmentally friendly, especially the exotic flowers and grasses growing in special places, which are rare wonders. It is regarded as a "Feng Shui tree" by local people, relying on her to shelter from the wind and rain, enjoy the cool "habitat" and place "auspiciousness"! Peace!
For more than 1000 years, people (including some experts and scholars in cultural relics and architecture) have been studying whether there is a tree or a Buddha first. The central point of the more important theme is to study how to protect it. ...
Mountains and rivers rely on cultivation, and wonders are even harder to find! The arbitrary behavior of contacting Leshan to "cut down the city wall trees" is really puzzling! Why can't we treat it differently, proceed from reality and have a "one size fits all"!
Of course, worthless miscellaneous trees can be removed, but we must not rashly engage in "clearing all the way." Banyan trees need to be raised. Big trees can be pruned to strengthen management, seek advantages and avoid disadvantages, and make the historical ancient city wall more historic!