After the founding of New China, the people's government widely mobilized the masses to build irrigation and water conservancy projects. From 65438 to 0958, Fuzhou began to build large and medium-sized reservoirs, among which Hong Men Reservoir became the first comprehensive water control project in Fuhe River Basin.
Fuzhou has dense rivers, vertical and horizontal streams and developed water system. However, due to the uneven distribution of precipitation, floods and droughts and soil erosion occur frequently in China. The construction of Hong Men Reservoir can alleviate the above problems to a great extent.
The dam site of Hong Men Reservoir is located in the middle of Tanli River, a tributary of Fuhe River, across Cheng Nan and Lichuan counties, two kilometers south of Hong Men Town, Nancheng County. The water sources of the reservoir mainly include Tanli River and county water in the east, Longan water, Tongbu water and You Zhu water in the west. 1957, Jiangxi Provincial Department of Hydropower listed Hong Men Reservoir as a development project. 1958, the Provincial Department of Hydropower reported to the Ministry of Hydropower that Hong Men Reservoir was included in the National Twelfth Five-Year Plan. In March, Wuhan Hydropower Survey and Design Institute conducted survey and drilling work on the dam site of Hong Men Reservoir. In April, the Provincial Hydropower Survey and Design Institute put forward the design task book of Hong Men Reservoir. In August, the provincial party committee decided that the design of Hongmen Reservoir should be based on the principle of not flooding lichuan county City, focusing on solving the downstream flood control and irrigation problems. On September 15, the Provincial Design Institute compiled the Report on Preliminary Design Points of Hong Men Water Control Project. After the supplementary survey was approved by the Provincial Construction Committee, the technical design of Hong Men Water Control Project was completed in April 1960.
1958 in may, the provincial people's Committee decided to set up the hongmen reservoir construction headquarters, which was set up by Fuzhou institutions. Provincial Hydropower Department mobilized 162 technicians, Fuzhou organization mobilized 16950 county cadres and migrant workers, and started construction in July 1. In the same month, the engineering headquarters was renamed as Hong Men Hydropower Engineering Bureau. Due to the lack of cement at that time, the concrete gravity dam was changed to clay core dam with the approval of the superior. /kloc-0 closed the dam in September, 959, and/kloc-0 filled the reservoir in April, 960. 1September, 1963, the Ministry of Water and Electricity proposed that the comprehensive utilization of Hong Men Reservoir should focus on power generation, and the design standard was raised to Grade II. In February 65438, the civil engineering of Hong Men Reservoir was basically completed. /kloc-0 installed the first unit in June, 1969, connected to the grid in July, 1969, and put the second unit into operation in February, 1969.
Resettlement in Hong Men reservoir area is based on the 20-year flood line and the land inundation line is designed and implemented according to the 5-year flood line. Lichuan county resettlement line 102.2m, land inundation line101.2m; The resettlement line of Nancheng County is 10 1.2m, and the land inundation line is100.2m. There are 3 1 village committees in the inundated areas of two counties, 203 natural villages with 26,905 people, with an area of 80,692 mu and telephone lines of 41. The rainwater collection area above the dam site is 2,374 square kilometers, with an average annual runoff of 2.52 billion cubic meters and a total storage capacity of1.21.40 billion cubic meters, of which Li Xing has a storage capacity of 374 million cubic meters and a dead storage capacity of 1.68 billion cubic meters. The project mainly focuses on power generation, which has the benefits of flood control and supplementing downstream water sources. The dam is a sand shell dam with clay core wall, with a maximum dam height of 38.7m and a crest elevation of107.5m.. The crest of the dam is 26 1m long and 5m wide, and the breakwater is 1m high. The top elevation of clay core wall is107.2m, and the width is 2m. The flood standard is designed according to the once-in-a-century period and checked once in a thousand years. The designed peak flow is 6890 cubic meters, and the check flood level is 107.26 meters. In the ravine 2 km north of the right bank dam axis, there is a normal spillway consisting of a flood diversion spillway and a water retaining auxiliary dam. The concrete gravity practical weir has a clear width of 36m, a crest elevation of 9 1.4m, a maximum flood discharge of 3,530sm3, and three arc steel gates of 9× 12m respectively. The water retaining auxiliary dam on the left side of the overflow weir has a crest elevation of 104.7m, a length of 100m and a width of 3m. There is an emergency spillway in the ravine 80 meters ashore on the right side of the overflow weir. The weir body is a clay core sand shell self-breaking dam, with a dam height of104.25m, a dam height of 6.25m, a dam crest width of 4m, and a dam length of104.8m. The self-breaking dam flood occurred once in 2000, and the maximum flood discharge was 2,780m3. A diversion system was built on the left bank of the dam. The inlet section is trumpet-shaped and is 100 m long. There are trash racks, reinforced concrete gates and rolled steel gates, which are operated by two 2× 5t hoists. The center distance between the two main tunnels is 18m, and the inner diameter is 6m. The main tunnel 1 is 145 meters long and divided into two sub-tunnels. No.2 main tunnel is 130m long and divided into three branch tunnels. The water flows through the hydro-generator through butterfly valves respectively. The inner diameter of the branch tunnel is 3.4m (gradual type) and the total length is183m, all of which are reinforced concrete structures. There is also a surge shaft in the No.2 main tunnel, the lower part is 2 1m high and the inner diameter is15m; Upper height 15.7m, inner diameter 6m, lined with reinforced concrete. On the left bank behind the dam, there is a ground main power station with five 8,400 kW hydro-generator sets. The auxiliary workshop is adjacent to the upstream surface of the main workshop and is divided into three layers. The bamboo-wood dam-crossing raft in the reservoir is a steel chain cymbal circulating raft, which consists of reinforced concrete support and mechanical transmission part. The motor power used is 40 kW, and each shift can transport wood 1440 cubic meters. The total investment of the reservoir project is 765,438+850,000 yuan.
Hong Men Reservoir is an important part of the overall planning of Fuhe River Basin and Jiangxi Province. Since it was put into operation, it has achieved remarkable benefits in flood control, irrigation, power generation and aquatic products. The flood regulation capacity of 670 million cubic meters between the normal water level of the reservoir and the check flood level can reduce the flood peak flow by 6690 cubic meters. During the Fuhe 1982 flood, the Hong Men Reservoir reduced the peak flow 1495 cubic meters, which not only ensured the safety of farmland in villages and towns on both sides of the Tanli River, but also improved the flood control standard in the middle and lower reaches of the Fuhe River. The economic and social benefits are remarkable. In addition, the flow of Fuhe River in dry season is insufficient, and Hong Men Reservoir can replenish water every year to alleviate the drought problem of the original 6,543,800 mu of farmland in Jiangxi Province. During the droughts of 1963, 1978 and 1986, Hongmen Reservoir provided 50-80 m3/s flow for irrigation and saved more than 600,000 mu of drought-affected farmland. The original designed installed capacity of Hong Men Power Plant is 5×7500 kW, which is increased from 1.998 to 5×8400 kW, and the annual power generation is 1.23 million kWh, which provides favorable conditions for industrial and agricultural production and people's life. Hongmen Reservoir has 76,500 mu of fertile aquaculture water, including not only conventional fish such as herring, grass carp, silver carp, bighead carp and crucian carp, but also high-grade fish such as bighead carp, snakehead and whitebait, and has introduced 73 species of high-quality ornamental fish-koi fish. At the same time, the production of mussel pearl culture has been developed. Among them,/kloc-0, a world-class freshwater mussel pearl introduced at the end of 1997, has an annual output of mussels 1 100 million.