Zhao Gao is a famous eunuch in history. He is a controversial figure in history, one is his life experience, the other is his birth year, and the third is his merits and demerits. The official records are ominous, and unofficial history is only for reference and entertainment.
According to unofficial history, Zhao Gao's parents were the lowest people in Qin Shihuang's time, and Zhao Gao and his brothers were castrated and sent to the palace as soon as they were born. Zhao Gao was born with a smart mind and a good eye for people's faces, but his conduct was bad. Because I have been in the palace for a long time, I have been exposed to some laws and regulations of the Qin Dynasty and can recite them, so I am proficient in prison law.
Qin Shihuang knew that he was capable, talented and very popular with him. He made a decree to win the car and asked him to teach his youngest son, Hu Hai, criminal law and prison proceedings. Although Hu Hai is a playboy who only knows how to eat, drink and be merry, he is very interested in a case of solving crimes and treating prisons told by Zhao Gao. So he has always regarded Zhao Gao as a teacher and confidant, and has great respect for Zhao Gao.
Zhao Gao once violated the criminal law, and the king of Qin sent his minister Meng Qian to punish him. Minister Meng Qian sentenced him to death and deprived him of his official position in accordance with the Qin law. The first emperor saw that he was hardworking at ordinary times and pardoned him.
In AD 2 10, Qin Shihuang died in a sand dune, and Zhao Gao was up to no good. He pulled Reese into the water with clever words and looks, lied about it, forced general Su Hu to go to prison, and successfully helped Hu Hai usurp the throne. Later, he was promoted to corps commander and took charge of Chaogang. Then, Zhao Gao gave full play to his brutal means and killed Reese, an ally whose differences had been halved. After Reese's death, Qin Ershi doted on Zhao Gao and appointed him Prime Minister of China. State affairs, big or small, are decided by him. Zhao is in a high position and respects power, but his greed is not satisfied. He wanted to usurp the throne and rebel, but he was afraid of opposition from other ministers, so he made a plan and personally directed the farce of "pointing the deer at the horse" Zhao Gao was vicious, playing with II in his palm, and finally staged a coup, forcing him to kill II. In the end, he himself came to a tragic end, which was the first eunuch violence case in history. The first emperor of the ages, Qin Shihuang, is in the spirit of heaven. How could he understand that the iron-clad Daqin Jiangshan was destroyed by a eunuch Zhao Gaozhi?
Second, Zhang Rang in the Eastern Han Dynasty
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the eunuch group headed by Zhang Rang dominated the Chaogang and dominated the world. Zhang Rang is from Yingzhou. From a handyman eunuch in the palace, he gradually climbed to the middle of the eunuch leader. He urged Liu Lingdi Liu Hong, a bad emperor, to set up a "four-garden selling office" to openly sell officials to collect money. He also set up a "naked swimming hall" in the West Park of the Han Palace, offering sacrifices to the spirit emperor's lewdness and making the spirit emperor laugh. He "overstepped the imperial system" and built his own manor higher than the palace, but he was afraid that the Emperor Ling would find out that he had tried his best to deceive the Emperor Ling by saying that "the son of heaven can't climb the mountain, and it will be miserable if he climbs it". The bad king was convinced and always called Zhang Rang his father. A bad king and a traitor are birds of a feather.
Zhang Rang led ten regular attendants, turned black and white upside down, and fabricated charges to kill courtiers, which finally aroused the dissatisfaction of the consorts group headed by He Jin. Zhang Rang took the lead again, killing the blade by inducements, which led to the rebellion of the Guards in Shi Jing, and thousands of eunuchs in the palace. Zhang Rang also went to the dead end and joined the Yellow River.
Third, Gao Lishi in Tang Dynasty
Gao Lishi was one of the most powerful eunuchs in the Tang Dynasty. His real name is Feng, and he is from Panzhou. Great-grandfather Feng Ang was the secretariat of eighteen states in Shao, and grandfather Feng Zhi was the secretariat of Panzhou. Father Feng Junheng is guilty of "the crown is cracked, the family is broken and the people are killed". Therefore, he was separated from his mother at an early age. At the beginning of the holy calendar, Lingnan made Li castrate him and sent him to the palace. Gao Lishi was clever and witty since childhood. Empress Wu Zetian liked him very much and ordered him to stay with him. Later, Wu Zetian was angered by this incident. After being beaten, he was kicked out of the palace. Eunuch Gao Yanfu accepted him as his adopted son and changed his surname to Gao. Gao Yanfu was a slave of Wu Sansi, and was closely related to Wu Sanen, so Gao Lishi often went in and out of the Wu family. A year later, Gao Lishi was able to enter the palace again, belonging to Sigongtai. In the "Dragon Revolution", he improvised, chose the main task, took refuge in Li Longji and brought down his master Wu Zetian. Later, he gave advice to help kill Princess Heping and eventually became Tang's most loyal confidant. However, Gao Lishi made a lot of efforts and provided many good strategies in the process of creating "Kaiyuan Shi Sheng" in the Tang Dynasty, and was regarded as a master among eunuchs in China.
Gao Lishi's most wonderful performance on the historical stage is that he single-handedly facilitated the epic marriage between Yang Yuhuan and Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. It was he who made Yang Guifei, and he hanged Yang Guifei in Maweipo. Success is great, so is failure. It's really a beautiful woman who smiles like a flower and charms the ages. There is no hate in the world.
Fourth, Li in the Tang Dynasty.
Li, whose real name was given the title of protecting the country, changed to the country. When Tang Suzong was in power, he was a eunuch. Zhong Jing was a servant of eunuch Gao Lishi when he was young. He is ugly and writes fluently. Later, Li followed on the political stage of the prince. Li's political career is a late bloomer. After forty, he began to take care of the stables, and later he became a servant of Prince Hengli.
In the history of China, eunuchs suffered greatly from the Han, Tang and Ming dynasties. All three dynasties had the right to castrate many people, but only Li was the eunuch in the Tang Dynasty. The Anshi Rebellion became an opportunity for Li's rise. Lee gained trust through Ma Su's advice and persuasion, and thus rose to the highest position in the military department. Li's official career was successful, and official worship was commonplace. He became the champion of Zaifu and was regarded as the king of his father, which was unique among the ancient eunuchs in China.
"Every country is fierce and has a set of extraordinary" dirty ". Lee flatters, learn if you don't learn. Sex, he can do anything. He never relents in killing his own kind and others. From princes and prime ministers to queens and emperors, they can become wands in their hands when they are useful, and start chopping when they are useless. Li Yisheng was busy all his life, seeking power, seizing political power and possessing the wealth of the city and the country. Finally beheaded and dumped in the wilderness.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) Tong Guan in Song Dynasty
Tong Guan, a eunuch in the Northern Song Dynasty, was one of the "Six Thieves" and a native of Kaifeng. Although Tong Guan is a eunuch, he belongs to another type. According to historical records, this man is tall and burly, with strong skin and iron bones, bright eyes, dark face and a beard stuck under his head. At first glance, he is full of masculinity and does not look like a castrated eunuch. This may have something to do with his virginity in his late twenties. Tong Guan clean body into the palace, cast in the big eunuch Li Xian door. He is clever, and he is good at trying to figure out kung fu and flattery. After Hui Zong ascended the throne, he was like a duck to water. He tried his best to please this romantic son of heaven by offering antiques, calligraphy and painting. Since then, he has risen to the top. He teamed up with Cai Jing to crowd out courtiers. Male (that is, Cai Jing) and female (that is, Tong Guan) colluded with each other at home and abroad, monopolized the military and political power in the Northern Song Dynasty, and drove all the officials in the ruling and opposition parties out of the door, so that the child eunuch became the "child king". Tong Guan has been in charge of military power for twenty years. In the Northern Song Dynasty, the national strength gradually weakened after repeated wars and defeats with Liao and Jin. But he kept the military power forever, which shows that he has a high means of protecting power and position. Tong Guan, who was born as a eunuch, was looked down upon by many officials in the imperial court. Tong Guan was arrogant and made enemies from top to bottom. Hui Zong Zen, Qin Zong acceded to the throne, and Tong Guan broke his promise. In the first year of Jingkang, he was demoted three times in a row. In July, Ji Yang's army dropped, and Tong Guan's top ten crimes were exhausted, and Rizo was ordered to chase them down.
Tong Guan's experience is full of legendary tragicomedy. In his life, he created several "best" in the history of China, which of course has become an unparalleled record in the history of the Chinese nation, and may be maintained forever. These records are: the eunuch who held the army for the longest time in the history of China; The eunuch with the greatest military power in China history; China was the first eunuch to represent the country in a foreign country.
6. Wang Zhen in the Ming Dynasty
Wang Zhen, a native of Yuzhou, Shaanxi Province, was the first eunuch in the Ming Dynasty. He was originally a failed teacher, but he entered the palace by castration, and he was favored by Ming Yingzong. He began to monopolize power, collude with others, interfere in state affairs, and kicked off the eunuch empire. He ignored traditional ideas and social discussions and excluded the minister of auxiliary government; Stealing and destroying Zhu Yuanzhang's ironclad proof that eunuchs were forbidden to interfere in politics, which made eunuchs openly step onto the political stage; After monopolizing power, he collected money crazily, intervened in finance under the banner of imperial power, accepted bribes, and put the idea of getting rich on monks and nuns; Dismantling and killing Liu Qiu by destroying his political enemies is the most appalling tragedy in the Ming Yingzong era.
In order to establish the so-called great achievements, he did not know what the battle was, and encouraged the emperor to personally levy. Moreover, when he commanded the army, he went his own way and made repeated mistakes, which led to the Ming army being very tired and complaining, and was greatly broken by the tile cavalry. As a result, the emperor became a prisoner, and he himself was sent to a dead end. Killed by guard general Fan Zhongyan, his soul returned to the grave. Eunuchs in the Ming Dynasty brought disaster to the country and people, which directly led to the demise of the Ming Dynasty.
Seven. Liu Jin in Ming Dynasty
Liu Jin, a native of Xingping, Shaanxi Province, was adopted by eunuch Liu Shun at the age of six, and later became a palace eunuch, changing his surname to Liu. Liu Jin is one of the most famous eunuchs in the history of Ming Dynasty.
Filial piety, death penalty, no need. Later, he served Prince Zhu Houzun, later known as Ming Wuzong. He is good at reading minds, improvising and being trusted. After the Prince succeeded to the throne, Liu Jin was promoted again and again, and soon became the eunuch of Li Si, representing the emperor. Being in power, he lured Wu Zong to indulge in extravagance and took the opportunity to specialize in state affairs. At that time, it was called "establishing emperor" and since then, it was called "sitting emperor". He rejected dissidents, and most honest officials in North Korea were persecuted by him. Liu Yu, Jiao Fang and other villains went to the door and became their henchmen.
Liu Jin's greed and despotism have brought endless disasters to the country and people. Zhu Kun, the king of Anhua, took the opportunity to rebel in Zhengde in April of five years. The rebellion was quickly put down because of its unpopularity. Eunuch Zhang Yong took advantage of the opportunity of offering prisoners to expose Liu Jin's crimes to Wu Zong. Liu Jin was arrested, and millions of gold and silver were found at home, as well as forged seals, jade belts and other contraband. After a joint trial, Liu Jin was sentenced to one year. In August of the same year, Liu Jin was punished and ended his sinful life.
Eight, Wei Zhongxian in Ming Dynasty
Wei Zhongxian, formerly known as Li Jinzhong, formerly known as Wei, and his stepfather named Li. After being favored, he changed his name to Zhongxian because he avoided moving to the palace. Wei Zhongxian was a eunuch in China in the late Ming Dynasty and a native of Suning in northern Zhili. Born in the street, illiterate, eating, drinking, whoring and gambling, so that the family wealth is exhausted, selling wives and daughters; Later, because gambling debts were desperate, he entered the palace and became a eunuch. He made friends with Wang An, the eunuch of Taiuterus, and was protected by him. Later, he had a close relationship with Yin Yue, the nurse of the emperor's eldest grandson, tried his best to flatter the emperor's eldest grandson and lured him to the banquet, winning his favor. In the first year of Taichang, Zhu Youxiao acceded to the throne as Xizong. After Wei Zhongxian was promoted to eunuch, he and Ke began to take power and intervene in politics. He turned defeat into victory over Wang An, drove away Wei Chaochen, killed him with a stick, unjustly imprisoned him in Daxing, killed the Party and planted henchmen privately, calling himself "nine years old", which was the highest peak for eunuchs to monopolize the whole country.
Wei Zhongxian's dissolute excesses aroused the serious indignation of honest officials, and Lindong Party exposed and got back justice. In the fourth year of the Apocalypse, Yang Lian, the vice capital, denounced Wei Zhongxian's twenty-four major sins and boldly exposed Wei Zhongxian's evil deeds. Wei Zhongxian panicked and cried to Xizong. Hakka defended him from the side, and Wang Tigan tried his best to defend him. The foolish Sect listened to the letter and ordered a rebuke instead. Wei Zhongxian is at large. He not only encouraged the emperor to indulge himself, but also robbed all the women in the world and killed many unfortunate women with his own wives and concubines.
In the autumn and August of the seventh year of the Apocalypse, Xizong died of illness, and Zhu Youjian, the letter king, acceded to the throne, and Chongzhen was changed to four cases. Zhu Youjian has always been familiar with Wei Zhongxian's sins, and at the same time, Lindong party member also wrote to impeach him, so he ordered Wei Zhongxian to be taken to Fengyang, and then sent someone to arrest him. Knowing that life was worse than death, Wei Zhongxian committed suicide and ended his sinful life.
Nine, An Dehai in the Qing Dynasty
An Dehai is from Qingxian County, Zhili. When I was a child, I entered the palace, worked as a eunuch in the imperial palace, and was a eunuch in the late Qing Dynasty. 10 years old, entered the palace as a eunuch. Because of his dexterity and good eyes, he won the favor of his master and called him "Xiao Anzi". 186 1 year, he met an opportunity and made it to heaven. That year, when Emperor Xianfeng died, he issued a secret edict and was succeeded by his only son, Zai Chun. Eight ministers, including Su Shun, were regents, and they ordered Nora to be relieved of her power. An Dehai leaked the testamentary edict to Nora. After Xianfeng's death, as the envoy of Nalashi and Prince Gong, he ran between Jehol and Beijing, which made his coup successful. Xiao Anzi worked hard, and Empress Dowager Cixi promoted him to be the eunuch in charge of power.
After An Dehai became the confidant of Cixi, relying on his arrogance, he intervened in state affairs, suppressed Prince Gong, picked the Empress Dowager of the two palaces, and made many enemies. He was crazy about collecting money, went to Jinan and was beheaded.
Qing dynasty plum
Li was born in Hejian Prefecture, Zhili, a native of Zangtun Township, Dacheng County, Hebei Province. According to his epitaph, he was born in the 28th year of Daoguang and entered the palace at the age of 9. The archives of the Qing Dynasty also prove that he was indeed sent to the palace as a eunuch by Zheng Qinwang Duanhua in the seventh year of Xianfeng, but his age was 13.
About Li's life experience, the folklore is concrete and vivid. It is said that he is a hooligan in Hejianfu area. He went to prison for selling nitrosulfonic acid privately, and after he got out of prison, he switched to repairing leather shoes. He is called "Pinitroli". Later, when he came to Beijing, he was introduced by Shen, who was also a eunuch, and mastered a set of techniques for combing new hairstyles. He entered the palace as a comb-hair eunuch of Empress Dowager Cixi, and was therefore favored by Empress Dowager Cixi.
Li was named Li Jinxi after he entered the palace, and was named by Cixi in 14. He worked as a police officer in Donglu Music Office and Ren Jing Palace, and was transferred to Changchun Palace Cixi at the age of 65,438+06 after three years of Tongzhi.
From the sixth year of Xianfeng to the thirty-fourth year of Guangxu, he left the palace and spent fifty-two years in the Qing Dynasty. She is the favorite eunuch of Empress Dowager Cixi, and also a great eunuch with the highest taste, the greatest power, the greatest wealth and the longest service in the Qing Dynasty. His cruelty to his master's minions and his companions reached the pinnacle. He is not afraid, ignores the princes, and regards military affairs ministers as leisure. North Korean officials and governors of other provinces flatter them and snore. All the important affairs of the national government and the Qing court were listened to and participated in.