2. War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period: the land policy in the anti-Japanese base areas: landlords reduced rent and interest, and farmers paid rent and interest. Significance: reduce feudal exploitation and improve farmers' anti-Japanese and production enthusiasm; Protecting the interests of landlords is conducive to uniting the landlord class to resist Japan.
3. During the War of Liberation: the land reform in the liberated areas, according to the outline of China Land Law (1947), the land of landlords was confiscated, feudal exploitation was abolished, land was given to the tiller, and the rural population was equally divided. The general line of land reform in the liberated areas is to rely on poor farm labourers, unite with middle peasants, eliminate feudal exploitation and develop agricultural production. Significance: The liberated areas 1 100 million landless peasants were given land, which stimulated the enthusiasm of farmers for revolution and production and became a reliable guarantee for the rapid victory of the liberation war.
4. Transition period to socialism: land reform in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China. The Land Reform Law of the People's Republic of China stipulates that the land ownership exploited by feudalism shall be abolished and the land ownership of the peasant class shall be implemented. Features: retain the rich peasant economy and be politically neutral. Significance: The land system of feudal exploitation was completely abolished; Liberated rural productive forces and opened the way for agricultural development and national industrialization.
5. Exploration period of socialist construction: The people's commune movement is characterized by "one big and two big" (large scale, high degree of public ownership) and "one level and two adjustments" (absolute average distribution, free transfer of public and private property), and the "Left" error marked by high index, blind command, exaggeration and "* * * production style" runs rampant. Results: Farmers' interests were seriously damaged, and their enthusiasm for building socialism was affected.
6. The new period of socialist construction: the reform of rural economic system, first of all, the agricultural production responsibility system is tried out in Anhui and Sichuan, and finally the responsibility system with household contract responsibility system as the main form (separation of land ownership and management rights) is formed, and township enterprises and non-agricultural industries are developed to make rural reform develop in the direction of specialization, commercialization and socialization. Results: Farmers' enthusiasm for production was mobilized, rural productivity was liberated and agricultural development was promoted.
7. At the beginning of this century: improve the content of agricultural science and technology, develop high-quality and efficient agriculture, implement ecological projects such as returning farmland to forests and grasslands, returning farmland to lakes, cancel agricultural taxes, and implement rural subsistence allowances and rural cooperative medical care. The rural economy is developing in a more healthy and orderly direction.