Brief introduction of chronological inventions in the field of names

Ruban's saws, rulers, Mo Dou, planers, shovels, paving heads, drills, chisels, etc. Used in carpentry during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period-A famous Lu native in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period was a famous architect in ancient China. Lu Ban has many inventions, such as saws, rulers, Mo Dou, planers, shovels, paving heads, drills, chisels and so on. A movable ladder for siege. According to legend, the lock was also invented by Lu Ban.

Yu Hao, also known as Yu Hao, was an architect at the end of the Five Dynasties and the beginning of the Northern Song Dynasty. Born in Hangzhou, the most outstanding building he designed was the Lingta in the Kaibao Temple of Anyuanmen in Bianliang (now Kaifeng City, Henan Province), the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty. He also wrote a book about carpentry-Wood Classics, which consists of three volumes. He is called the builder of Taruban.

Zu Chongzhi, a more accurate upper and lower bound of Zu Chongzhi's mathematics in the Southern Dynasties —— Zu Chongzhi in the Southern Dynasties put forward a more accurate upper and lower bound by Liu Wei's cutting graph. That is, 3.1415926 л < 3.1415927.

Liu Wei's Mathematical Cutting Graph From 225 to 295, Liu Wei-Liu Wei in Wei and Jin Dynasties invented the method of cutting graph, and his value was 3. 14. He also invented a new division for linear equations. The problem of indefinite equation is put forward, and the summation formula of arithmetic progression's first several terms is established. Liu is as famous as Euclid and Archimedes.

Zhu Shijie, the "Four Jade Juanjian" in Zhu Shijie Mathematics, was a mathematician in Yuan Dynasty in China. 1299 was compiled into China's first book "Arithmetic Enlightenment", which formed a relatively complete system from the four operations to the heavenly arts. 1303, he wrote "Four Elements Jade Mirror", which expanded Tiandao to "Four Elements Technique", which is a solution of high-order equations (up to four unknowns). Europe did not put forward the same solution-elimination method until 1775. Sutton, an American historian of science, rated his Four Elements Jade Mirror as one of the most outstanding mathematical works in the world.

Zhang Heng Astronomy Zhang Heng was an astronomer in the Eastern Han Dynasty in China. On the understanding of the structure of the universe, Zhang Heng is one of the representatives of Huntian theory. He thinks the sky is like an eggshell, the earth is like an egg yolk, and the sky is small. He believes that there is an infinite universe outside the shell. Zhang Heng designed and manufactured a water-leaking armillary sphere and a seismograph, and observed and analyzed the sun, moon and stars for many times. He measured that the angular diameter of the sun and the moon is 65438+ 0/736 of the circumference, which is 29'24'. He counted about 2,500 stars in the Central Plains of China. In order to commemorate Zhang Heng's outstanding contribution to astronomy, the International Astronomical Society named a crater on the moon "Zhang Heng Crater Mountain".

There were 16 kinds of instruments in Guo Shoujing astronomy in Yuan Dynasty, such as altimeter, exquisite instrument and image observation instrument. Guo Shoujing was an outstanding astronomer in Yuan Dynasty. He created 16 kinds of instruments specially used for measuring celestial bodies, such as altimeter, delicate instrument, observatory instrument, etc. Also made a simple instrument, the existing Purple Mountain Observatory. Guo Shoujing measured the intersection of yellow and red. On the basis of Guo Shoujing's theory, Laplace, a French scientist, put forward the theory of declination. The Danish astronomer Tycho made a similar measurement 300 years later than Guo Shoujing.

Brief introduction of chronological inventions in the field of names

Stone God Astronomy Stone God, the first astronomical masterpiece in the Warring States Period-an astronomer in the Warring States Period, Stone God's first astronomical masterpiece "Astronomy". After the Western Han Dynasty, people honored Tianwenzhi as the Star Classic of history. The book marks the position of 12 1 star, and also records the movements and eclipses of five planets: water, wood, gold, fire and earth. Shi Shen compiled the earliest catalogue. And called "shaoyang" has realized that he can shine.

Liu Zhuo Astronomy Liu Zhuo, the Imperial Calendar of the Sui Dynasty-an astronomer of the Sui Dynasty. He created the emperor's calendar. He first considered the non-uniformity of the movement of the sun and the moon, and founded the quadratic difference interpolation method with equal intervals. Calculate the apparent velocity of the sun and the moon. At the same time, he changed the age difference to 75.

A line of astronomy, a line of "Great Yan Li" in the Tang Dynasty-a writer in the Tang Dynasty. He compiled a new calendar, Dayan Calendar, including ten calendars, which was very advanced in ancient times. As early as BC13rd century, people in China made a lunar calendar according to the movement of the sun and the moon.

Yang Zhongfu, a writer of the Southern Song Dynasty, Unified Calendar Yang Zhongfu, an astronomer of the Southern Song Dynasty in China. He created the "unified calendar", and he determined that the length of the tropic year was 365.2425 days. It is also found that the length of the tropic year has increased and decreased.

Luo Astronomy Luo, a celestial instrument of the Han Dynasty-an astronomer of the Han Dynasty in China. The equatorial instrument was created and the basic structure of the equatorial armillary sphere was determined.

Su Song Astronomical Planetarium Su Song-China Song Dynasty astronomer. In cooperation with Han Gonglian, the planetarium and water transport platform were established, which was the first planetarium in ancient China. There are eight people tall, and there are doors on each floor. Time is up, the door opened and Woodenhead came out to tell the time. (There is a clepsydra and mechanical system at the back).

Xin Qiniang/KLOC-Kongming Lantern in the 0/0th century, circling lantern Xin Qiniang-10th century, invented rosin lantern (Kongming Lantern) as a signal lamp in war, which was the first time that China people used hot air balloon. At the same time, the lantern was invented, which was the ancestor of aviation gas turbine.

Pei Xiu (224~27 1) founded the theory of "drawing six bodies" for drawing plane maps-Pei Xiu first founded the theory of "drawing six bodies" for drawing plane maps in China. And drew a map of Gong Yu area.

Ma Jun mechanical design keel waterwheel (also called rollover) in the Three Kingdoms period Ma Jun is an outstanding mechanical designer and creator. During the Three Kingdoms period, a keel waterwheel (also called a rollover) was created, which can continuously lift water and irrigate oranges with water equipment. The structure is very ingenious, and it is known as the cleverness of the world.

Brief introduction of chronological inventions in the field of names

Design of Li Chun Bridge 605~6 17 Zhao Zhouqiao Li Chun-605 ~ 617, the first open-shouldered arch bridge with lower abdomen arch on the main arch map. He designed the famous Zhao Zhouqiao.

Ding Huan, the inventor of Ding Huan, was born in Chang 'an, Han Dynasty, 180. Invented items include a quilt incense burner, a complete lamp, and a rotating fan, which is well known as Chang 'an Gong Qiao.

Shen Kuo, a scientist in the Song Dynasty, named Shen Kuo-1031~1095 after him, and scientists in the Song Dynasty named petroleum after him first.

Cai Lun 62~ 12 1 paper Cai Lun ——62 ~ 12 1 year, Cai Lun successfully made paper from bark, hemp head, rags and old fishing nets. This invention was reported to the emperor on 105. 1 14 was named longtinghou by the emperor. At that time, people called paper Cai Hou paper. /kloc-in the 0/2nd century, papermaking was indirectly introduced to Europe. /kloc-In the 3rd century, Mongolians issued the first Persian paper money with Cai Hou paper. /kloc-In the 0/4th century, North Korea, Vietnam and Japan also began to use paper money. These cards then spread to Europe through Arab countries.

Bi Sheng 104 1~ 1048 movable type printing Bi Sheng-1041~1048, from the northern song dynasty in China. Invented movable type printing.

Du Shi 9 1~ ominous hydraulic blower Du Shi 91year, from Henan. It pioneered the drainage of hydraulic blasting equipment. That is, using water power to push the fan to blow. It is the earliest hydraulic blower in the world, 1 100 years earlier than Europe.

Quenching Technology of Puyuan in the Three Kingdoms Period ——300 years, the Three Kingdoms Period. The first quenching technology makes the steel knife strong and elastic.

During the period of Sun Tzu's Three Kingdoms, Sun Tzu counted the classics for three hundred years. The origin of the multiplication theorem was called "Things Don't Know Counts", and he wrote a book "Sun Tzu's Counting Classics", which systematically discussed the system of counting classics.

Qin mathematician 1202~ 1247 created "the skill of seeking great derivation" to understand the linear congruence and the positive and negative leveling method to find the numerical solution of higher-order equations. Qin 1202 ~ 1247, a Chinese mathematician, wrote "Shu Shu Jiu Zhang" and created a method to solve the linear congruence.

Li Zhi Li Zhi, a mathematician in China, wrote The Sea Mirror of Landscape Mapping, which is the first masterpiece in China to systematically revise Tianyuan Art.

Shen Kuo Song Dynasty Shen Kuo found a thin thread tied to the center of a magnetic needle (compass) and hung it. After observation and discovery, it was written into his book Meng Qian Bi Tan. In the future, people will use needles made of magnets as compasses and guide tables. /kloc-Italians Kyle and Poirot who traveled in the East in the third century saw the compass and spread it to Europe.

In 400 BC, Mozi put forward the argument that light propagates along a straight line-in 400 BC, Mozi discussed the lever balance and put forward the argument that light propagates along a straight line.