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Major historical events since the founding of China.
1, Korean War

The War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, also known as the Movement to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea or the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, was a part of the Korean War that broke out in the early 1950s. It only refers to the stage of Chinese people's Volunteer Army's participation in the war, and also includes the mass movement of the Korean people to support the Korean people in their fight against American aggression.

1950, 10 In July, the "Korean People's Movement Committee to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea in Taiwan Province Province and North China" was established, and the movement to resist US aggression and aid Korea began. On June+10, 5438, Chinese people's Volunteer Army went to the DPRK to fight and started the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea.

In the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, the volunteers received the full support of the China People's Liberation Army and the cooperation of the Eastern Group headed by the Soviet Union.

1In July 1953, the two sides signed the Korean Armistice Agreement, ending the victory of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea. 1958, all volunteers withdrew to China. 65438+1October 25th is the anniversary of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea.

China launched the first artificial satellite.

On April 1970, a special train carrying two Dongfanghong-1 satellites and a Long March-1 carrier rocket arrived at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in the northwest of China.

In April, in the Gobi desert in the northwest, you should wear cotton-padded clothes during the day, and at night, you will feel cold when you are wrapped in a fur coat. On the working platform of Long Menta, which is more than 30 meters above the ground, the scientific and technical personnel troubleshoot around the clock and test again and again.

1At 3: 50 on April 24th, 970, Premier Zhou Enlai and Luo Shunchu, deputy director of the Science and Technology Commission for National Defense, telephoned: President Mao Zedong has approved the launch. I hope everyone will work hard, do their work carefully, strive for a success and win glory for the motherland.

At 2 1 35, the satellite launch time finally arrived. Dongfanghong-1 left the launch pad with the roar of the engine and the Long March-1 carrier rocket.

At 2 1 48, the star and arrow separated and the satellite entered the scheduled orbit. At 2 1: 50, the National Broadcasting Bureau reported that it had received the music "Dongfanghong" played by China's first satellite, with a clear and loud voice.

1970 On April 25th 18, Xinhua News Agency authorized the world to announce:1970 On April 24th, China successfully launched its first artificial satellite, with a perigee altitude of 439 kilometers and an apogee altitude of 2384 kilometers.

The angle between the orbital plane and the equatorial plane of the earth is 68.5 degrees, and it takes 1 14 minutes to circle the earth. The satellite weighs 173 kg and plays the music of Dongfanghong regularly at a frequency of 20.009 megacycles.

However, Mr. Zhao Jiuzhang, who devoted all his efforts to China's first artificial satellite, failed to wait until this moment. He died a year and a half ago after being falsely accused and persecuted. Many scientists heard the music of Dongfanghong in the "bullpen".

After the launch of "Dongfanghong-1" satellite, the actual working hours of various instruments on the satellite far exceeded the design requirements. "Dongfanghong" music device and short-wave transmitter worked continuously for 28 days, and obtained a large number of engineering telemetry parameters, which provided valuable basis and experience for satellite design and development in the later period.

The successful launch of "Dongfanghong-1" has laid a solid foundation for the development of China's space technology, promoted the rise of China's space industry, kept China's space technology in sync with the world's space technology frontier, and marked China's entry into the space age.

3. Tangshan earthquake

1At 3: 42: 53.8 on July 28th, 976, an earthquake with a magnitude of 7.8 on the Richter scale (moment 7.5) occurred in Fengnan area, Tangshan, Hebei, China (east longitude 1 18.2, north latitude 39.6), with the epicenter intensity of1/kloc-0.

The earthquake killed 242,769 people, and 16485 1 person was seriously injured, ranking second in the history of earthquakes in the world in the 20th century, second only to offshore earthquakes.

4. Hong Kong's return

The return of Hong Kong refers to a historical event in which the People's Republic of China (PRC) government decided to resume the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong on July 6, 1997, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland returned Hong Kong to People's Republic of China (PRC) on July 6, 1997.

1982 In September, the British government and the People's Republic of China (PRC) government started negotiations on the future of Hong Kong. Although both the treaty of nanking and the Beijing Treaty meant that Hong Kong Island, Ap Lei Chau and Kowloon and Stonecutters Island south of Boundary Street were permanently ceded to Britain.

However, People's Republic of China (PRC) refused to recognize all the relevant unequal treaties, such as the special provisions on expanding Hong Kong's border, only recognized that Hong Kong was administered by Britain, not British territory, and demanded that Britain return Hong Kong Island and Kowloon together with the New Territories.

From 65438 to 0997, the British government decided to return Hong Kong's sovereignty to China, but at the same time it tried to safeguard Britain's interests in Hong Kong.

After two years and as many as 22 rounds of negotiations, China and Britain finally signed the Sino-British Joint Declaration at 1984 12 19, and decided to establish a special administrative region in Hong Kong from 1997 7 1, and began to exercise Hong Kong Island, Kowloon Peninsula south of Boundary Street and the New Territories again.

5. Shenzhou 5 launched.

In July, 2003, Yang Liwei passed the assessment of the Astronaut Selection and Assessment Committee for Manned Space Engineering and was awarded the third-class astronaut qualification. At that time, he was a lieutenant colonel

65438+1October 15 At 9: 00 Beijing time, Yang Liwei went into space for the first time on the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft carried by the Long March II F rocket. His pioneering work with technical experts made China the third country to master manned space technology.

65438+ 10 month 15, promoted to the rank of colonel. 10 June 16, Yang Liwei became a national hero in the eyes of the people all over the country.

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