Li Longji, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, was first named King of Chu and then King of Linzi. He worked as a driver in Luzhou and was framed by Wei Ruyun. In 7 10, he was dismissed from office and recalled to Beijing to live in seclusion. Seeing Wei Ruyun's authority, he knew that she would usurp the throne sooner or later, so he actively lived in seclusion and secretly recruited warriors. He set up a group of brave soldiers in Yulin army, called Wan Qi. In May of 7 10, Wei Ruyun poisoned Tang Zhongzong Li Xian, but kept it a secret. She ordered the children of the Wei family and their cronies to go out with 50 thousand troops to defend the capital and prepare themselves to be emperors. Before he proclaimed himself emperor, he launched a feather army and invaded the palace on June 20, killing Princess Anle and Shangguan Waner, and almost killing Webster's and Oh's group. Later, Princess Taiping stepped forward to support the restoration of Li Dan, the son of Zong Rui. He was made King Ping and Prince. On August Gengzi Day in July12, Zong Rui gave Li Longji Zen, and the title was changed to "congenital". Later it was changed to "Kaiyuan".

At the beginning of Xuanzong's succession, major policies depended on the emperor's father. Princess Taiping, the daughter of Wu Zetian, is the sister of the emperor. Under the influence of the emperor, she used her power at will and was dissatisfied with Xuanzong. She colluded with the prime ministers Dou Huaizhen and Xiao Zhizhong, conspired to abolish Xuanzong and set up a new monarch, and planned to poison Xuanzong, but Xuanzong was aware of it. 7 13 In July, Princess Taiping prepared to launch a mutiny to kill him. Xuanzong got a tip-off, and together with Wang Fan, Xue and Gao Lishi, he preemptively killed Princess Taiping and her henchmen. Complete control of the political situation. Xue Chongjian, the son of the princess, advised her mother to avoid death many times, so she gave her surname Li and her rank remained unchanged. Because of Gao Lishi's contribution, he was appointed as the general of the army, and eunuchs flourished in the Tang Dynasty.

Xuanzong was a wise king in the early days of his reign, but a bad king in the later period. When he first ascended the throne, he made great efforts to restore the career of Emperor Taizong. He can use people and train. He selected talented officials from Beijing to serve as governors and secretaries in other places, and selected outstanding officials from local governors and secretaries to hold important positions in Beijing, making the selection and transfer of officials inside and outside Beijing a system. He flatly replaced the incompetent officials. In 7 16, he personally re-examined the county magistrate selected by the official department in the palace and sent more than 40 incompetent people home. At the beginning of his reign, he appointed Yao Chong, Song Jing, Zhang,,, Han Xiu and Zhang Jiuling as prime ministers. These people have their own strengths. Yao Chong strives for political communication, and Song Jing is committed to the rule of law. Zhang said that he advocated Wen Zhi, Li and Du Si 'an paid attention to frugality, and Han Xiu and Zhang Jiuling spoke frankly, all of which were sages. Deal with North Korean affairs in an orderly way. Among them, Yao Chong contributed the most. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty recalled him to Beijing and made him Prime Minister. He put forward ten conditions, such as agreeing to benevolent government, stopping the war, prohibiting the emperor and eunuchs from interfering in political affairs, and allowing ministers to remonstrate. After Yao Chong became prime minister, he suppressed the strongmen, cut down monks and nuns, reduced the number of monasteries, overcame natural disasters, helped Xuanzong rectify state affairs, and strictly rewarded and punished them, thus reversing the chaotic situation in the Zhongzong period. He is called "the Prime Minister of the Salvation Era".

During this period, Xuanzong was able to coachable again, and Prime Minister Han Xiu and Xiao Song * * * were in charge of state affairs. Han Xiu was honest, and when he saw that Xuanzong was wrong, he always called a spade a spade and argued. On the contrary, Xiao Song always obeyed Xuanzong. Once, Xuanzong looked in the mirror and looked glum. The eunuchs around said, "Your majesty has lost weight since Han Xiu became a photographer. Why not fire him? " Xuanzong said seriously: "Although I lost some weight, everyone in the world must have gained weight. Xiao Song came to play with things and blindly obeyed me. After he left, I felt uneasy. Sleep is also very stable. I use Han Xiu to govern the country, not for me alone. " Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was able to employ talents, encourage production and reform abuses, which made the Tang Dynasty politically stable, the national strength strong, the people rich and the country strong, and the economy and culture developed to Xiangfeng. Among them, Tang poetry was the most praised by later generations, while famous poets Gao Shi, Cen Can and Wang Wei, especially Li Bai and Du Fu, all lived in the Kaiyuan era. Other arts such as music, painting and sculpture have also made remarkable achievements. History is called "the flourishing age of Kaiyuan".

However, after these achievements, Xuanzong thought that the world was at peace, and his own business gradually disappeared, becoming extravagant and pursuing a happy life. He turned a deaf ear to the minister's advice, but was disgusted with it, so he used people who obeyed his will. Li is a foolish courtier who is good at flattery. He colluded with some concubines and eunuchs in the palace and kept an eye on Xuanzong's movements. Xuanzong discussed things with him, and he always catered to Xuanzong and made Xuanzong happy. Therefore, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty dismissed the sage Zhang Jiuling and appointed Li as prime minister. Li kept his mouth shut about it. During his prime minister career of 19, he totally rejected honest and capable ministers, reused a large group of Nuo Nuo-only people, blocked the news of Xuanzong, and plunged the state affairs into darkness. Xuanzong never realized it.

When Xuanzong was 6 1 year-old, he fell in love with his daughter-in-law's birthday princess and became an imperial concubine in the palace. His two brothers became officials and his three sisters became wives of Han, Guo and Qin respectively. Her distant cousin Yang (formerly known as Yang Zhao) also soared by nepotism. Xuanzong spent all day having fun with Yang Guifei, too lazy to go to court, and tried his best to satisfy her extravagant hopes. On one occasion, she wanted to eat fresh litchi, and Xuanzong specially ordered Lingnan (Guangdong and Guangxi) officials to send someone to pick her up and send her away by express mail. Send litchi to Chang 'an. When Yang Guifei ate it, litchi was still red, fragrant and fresh. Yang Guifei knows music and is good at dancing. Xuanzong specially called the great poet Li Bai into the palace to write lyrics for her. Soon, Li Bai was dissatisfied with the corruption in the palace, offended Yang Guifei and eunuch leader Gao Lishi, and was sent out of Beijing by Xuanzong Li.

After Li's death, Yang took over as prime minister. He is also a traitor, and he only chooses people to do things with personal grievances. When Li was in power, he was promoted to An Lushan as a conference semifinal by Xuanzong, and successively served as Fanyang (now southwest of Beijing), Pinglu (now Chaoyang County of Liaoning Province), Hedong (now southwest of Taiyuan City of Shanxi Province) and other places, and gained credit. An Lushan is obese, claiming to weigh 300 Jin. Xuanzong once jokingly asked him, "Hu's stomach is so big, what's in it?" He replied, "There is only a sincere heart loyal to your majesty." Xuanzong was very happy. An Lushan asked to be Yang Guifei's adopted son. Xuanzong agreed. Once Xuanzong and the imperial concubine sat together, and An Lushan worshipped the imperial concubine first, then Xuanzong, saying that "the conference semifinals are the first mother and the second father". Xuanzong was even more delighted after hearing this. Yang and An Lushan compete for favor and look down on each other. The contradiction is getting worse. An Lushan often goes to Chang 'an. Seeing that the mainland was short of troops, Chang 'an was slack in defense, so he recruited troops in Fanyang, scrambling to build weapons and reserve food and grass, ready to seize the land of the Tang Dynasty. The liegeman said that An Lushan had objections, but Xuanzong didn't believe it. It was not until An Lushan replaced 32 Han generals in john young and began to refuse Xuanzong's summons that Xuanzong began to doubt him, but he did not take preventive measures.

On October 9th, in the 14th year of Tianbao (AD 755), An Lushan launched a rebellion of 150,000 troops in Fanyang in the name of soliciting Yang, and led his troops south. At that time, the world was peaceful for a long time, military equipment was lax, and the people did not know about the war. Suddenly, they heard that there was a war in john young, and people far and near were shocked. The wind stopped when they passed these counties. Xuanzong quickly ordered Feng Changqing and Gao Xianzhi to gather the mob and go to Luoyang to stop them. As a result, they were defeated and killed. The insurgents quickly captured Luoyang. In the first month of Tianbao 15th year (756), An Lushan claimed to be the Great Yan Emperor in Luoyang. Prepare to go west to capture Chang' an. So he ordered Longyou and Hexi to make Ge the lieutenant and guard Tongguan. Geshuhan used earlier and earlier tactics to stop the rebels, waiting for the decisive battle to be ripe.

Yang was afraid that Ge Shuhan and other generals would make meritorious deeds, and he was afraid that Xuanzong would command blindly, which led to Tang Jun's fiasco. Geshuhan was killed, Tongguan fell, and the rebels matched Chang 'an. Under Yang's persuasion, Xuanzong fled Sichuan with Yang Guifei and others, and sent people to inform the counties along the way to prepare for the reception. Unexpectedly, when I arrived at the King Fairy Palace in Xianyang, the county magistrate had fled and no one provided food. Xuanzong ordered the people to offer food, and the people offered sorghum and other food. Xuanzong managed to swallow a few mouthfuls and then cried. White-haired Guo Congjin pushed himself to the front of the car with crutches and said to Xuanzong, "An Lushan has ulterior motives, and your majesty was deceived, which led to his present situation. When Song Jing was the prime minister, he repeatedly spoke out against resistance. Only when your majesty adopted it would the world be at peace. In recent years, there has been no virtuous minister in North Korea, and flatterers have gained power. Your majesty is surrounded by them and can't hear the situation outside the palace. Although we ordinary people live in the countryside, we have long known that the world will be chaotic, but unfortunately we can't see you and can't tell you. " Xuanzong sighed and said, "I'm so confused. It's too late to regret it now."

The army stopped and walked, and on the third day, it arrived at Ant Gang (now the west of Xingping County, Shaanxi Province). The soldiers accompanying him were hungry and tired. They thought that Yang's autocratic power was wrong, which made them extremely miserable and resentful. Chen Lingbing, the general of Longwu, surrounded Yang's horse's head and asked for rations. Taking advantage of Yang's panic, they shouted "Yang wants to rebel", pulled him off his horse, hacked him to death, cut his body into pieces and hung his head on the doorpost for public display. Then, angry soldiers surrounded the posthouse where Xuanzong and Yang Guifei rested, shouting and killing. Xuanzong ordered Gao Lishi to patrol. Hearing of the mutiny, Yang was killed and ordered Wei, a doctor too much, and Wei, a fellow villager of Pingzhang, to meet and persuade him. The angry soldiers killed Wei and beat him up. Gao Lishi invited Xuanzong to go out and persuade himself, but Xuanzong had to go out and persuade himself to go back to the house. However, the soldiers still refused to give up. Xuanzong ordered Gao Lishi to go out and asked Chen what he wanted. Chen said, "Yang Guifei can't stay because she was killed in rebellion. Please order your majesty to punish her. " Gao Lishi said, "I can't tell you this." The soldier shouted "Don't kill the imperial concubine, never escort" and rushed forward to fight Gao Lishi. Gao Lishi hurried back to report. Xuanzong was frightened and said, "The imperial concubine has lived in the palace for a long time and does not interfere in the affairs of the court. What is her crime of killing? " Gao Lishi said, "The imperial concubine is innocent, but how can the soldiers feel at ease when they kill Yang? I hope your majesty will allow the soldiers to invite her. When the soldiers feel at ease, your majesty will feel at ease. " Xuanzong didn't speak for a long time. At this time, the noise outside is even louder. Gao Lishi quickly told him, "The soldiers are going to break in. If your majesty doesn't decide, they will kill the imperial concubine themselves. " Xuanzong burst into tears and said, "Give her suicide."

Yang Guifei was stunned after receiving the imperial edict. For a long time, she cried and asked to see Xuanzong. Gao Lishi led her to Xuanzong, and she cried and said, "May your majesty take care." Xuanzong couldn't bear to see her miserable face, so he had to cover his face with his sleeves and began to cry. Gao Lishi was afraid that soldiers would break in, so he took Yang Guifei to the Buddhist temple. The imperial concubine made several obeisances to the north and said, "Goodbye, Your Majesty!" And then hanged himself. Yu Pingbo, a close friend, said that Yang Guifei did not die, but escaped and became a Taoist woman. It is also said that Yang Guifei fled to Japan.

When the soldiers heard that the imperial concubine was executed, they were furious and re-protected Xuanzong and fled to the west. However, Prince Hengli was retained by local people to take charge of state affairs. Hengli packed up down archers from Maweipo, journey to the south. In July of the 15th year of Tianbao (756), Hengli ascended the throne in Lingwu (now southwest of Lingwu County, Ningxia) as Tang Suzong and Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty.

After Tang Jun recovered Chang 'an and Luoyang, Xuanzong returned to Chang 'an in 65438+ February in the second year of Zhide (AD 757) and lived in Ganlu Palace. He missed the glory of the past, witnessed the desolation in front of him, sighed sadly and became ill gradually. In April, 762, she was critically ill and still remembered Yang Guifei. Legend has it that he also invited the alchemist to do it, hoping to invite Yang Guifei's dead to meet. The day before his death, he played a few games with Zi Yudi, and his tone was extremely sad. Then ordered a maid-in-waiting named Gong Aiai to take a bath and change clothes for him and lie in bed. That night, he also heard laughter in the room. At dawn the next day, Gong Aiai entered the bedroom. His eyes were closed and his limbs were stiff, and then he died. After death, the temple name was Xuanzong, and posthumous title was Ming Di.

Xuanzong made great contributions to the development of music, dance and opera in China. He has loved musicals since he was a child. Once, his grandmother Wu Zetian held a grand banquet, and he performed "The Immortal Daughter" in public, which was applauded by ministers. He made friends with Taoist artists, studied French music hard and got a wonderful melody. During his stay in Wang Ping, he founded a three-music troupe. Shortly after he proclaimed himself emperor, he established a drama activity center and chose Liyuan as the location of this center. Therefore, traditional opera artists have always respected Xuanzong as the ancestor of the pear garden.