2. There is the Aksum Empire in East Africa, which is the predecessor of Ethiopia and was once an important power at that time. Later, it developed into the kingdom of Ethiopia and defeated Italy in World War II.
3. West Africa has the Sanghai Empire, which is a West African country after Ghana and Mali, and it is also very strong;
Central Africa and South Africa are very backward. Although there are some civilizations, there is nothing to say.
These countries were basically colonized by the West after modern times. Except for Egypt and Ethiopia, which were basically independent after World War II, Egypt and Ethiopia were also colonized or semi-colonized to varying degrees.
As for piece by piece, first, there are many tribes and cultures in Africa, and even they don't understand each other's language, resulting in a very complicated social structure.
Second, except for North Africa, Ethiopia and West Africa, other regions have little communication with the outside world, which leads to their isolation and backwardness. On the one hand, this backwardness maintained many tribes, on the other hand, it also led to the colonial invasion of the West.
The third is the western colonial invasion. The suzerain divided the colonies. They often divide the boundaries by latitude and longitude, so the territory is divided into blocks. Similarly, you can refer to the boundaries of American States. During the period of African independence, the suzerain made use of internal contradictions in Africa as much as possible to create division, which was also their usual means. Look at the split between Pakistan and India.
In this way, after the independence of African countries, on the basis of many tribes, colonial invasions and colonial concoctions, today's situation has been formed.