Aisingiorro, Emperor Wenzong of Qing Dynasty. Daoguang was born in the Yuanmingyuan in Beijing in the 11th year (183 1 July 17). He is the fourth son of Daoguang Emperor, and his mother is Niu Luzi, the filial queen.
In the twenty-sixth year of Daoguang, Emperor Daoguang used the method of establishing a clan and named it a book. At the end of Daoguang's 30th year, Daoguang was able to shrug off. He summoned the minister to show his calligraphy and made him the Crown Prince. After Xuanzong's death, Emperor Xianfeng ascended the throne, taking the second year as the first year of Xianfeng, and awarded Qin En.
Be enthroned as emperor:
After he ascended the throne, Hou Yi faced the ruling crisis of internal and external troubles. At that time, the Taiping Rebellion broke out in Guangxi, and soon it marched into Hunan, Hubei and Xianfeng. In March of the third year (1853), Nanjing was conquered as the capital and renamed Tianjing to compete with the Qing government. Western powers are preparing to launch a new war of aggression against China in the name of "amending the treaty". Russia mobilized troops in the northeast of China and seized a large territory north of Heilongjiang in China.
In order to save the ruling crisis, Emperor Xianfeng thought of eliminating disadvantages and seeking treatment. He went to Renxian to exorcise evil spirits in an attempt to revive the Dharma. Zeng Guofan, a Han bureaucrat, was widely used, relying on the armed forces of Han landlords trained and commanded by him to suppress the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and the Nian Army Uprising. Dare to do Su Shun got promoted, Su Shun and others got the support of getting rid of graft. At the same time, he dismissed A, who had been the military affairs minister for more than 20 years in Daoguang dynasty, coveted position and hindered the country's illness, and executed the notorious capitulator official and the predecessor who presided over the lottery in the first Opium War.
In the sixth year of Xianfeng (1856), Britain and France launched the second opium war against China and captured Guangzhou. In the eighth year of Xianfeng (1858), the British and French fleets captured Dagu Fort, which was almost equal to Tianjin. Xianfeng sent Gui Liang and Hua Shanna to Tianjin to make peace, and signed the Sino-British Tianjin Treaty, the Sino-American Tianjin Treaty, the Sino-French Tianjin Treaty and the Sino-Russian Tianjin Treaty with Britain, the United States, France and Russia respectively. Dissatisfied with the rights stipulated in the Tianjin Treaty, the powers deliberately went to war again. Emperor Xianfeng ordered the Qing army to strengthen the defense of Dagukou. In the ninth year of Xianfeng (1859), the British and French invaders were defeated in the Dagukou conflict deliberately provoked by Britain. In the tenth year of Xianfeng (1860), Britain and France jointly invaded China again. British and French forces attacked Beitang. When the Qing army fought fiercely with the British and French allied forces, Emperor Xianfeng actually let the commander-in-chief of the Qing army retreat, and Dagu fell again.
1860, the British and French allied forces captured Tianjin and then invaded Beijing. Emperor Xianfeng sent Zai Yuan, Prince Yi and Minister of War Yin Mu as imperial envoys to Tongzhou to make peace with Britain and France. Under the cover of peace talks, the British and French allied forces continued to organize attacks on Beijing. After defeating the Qing army at Baliqiao in Tongzhou, they attacked Beijing, and Yuanmingyuan and Qingyi Garden were burned and robbed. Emperor Xianfeng fled from Yuanmingyuan to Jehol (now Chengde City) and ordered Prince Gong to stay in Beijing for peace talks. Yixin signed the Sino-British Beijing Treaty and the Sino-French Beijing Treaty with Britain, France and Russia on behalf of the Qing government. ",the Sino-Russian Beijing Treaty, and ratified the Sino-British and Sino-French Tianjin Treaty. In the Sino-Russian Beijing Treaty, Yi Shan, a general of Heilongjiang Province in the Qing Dynasty, was admitted to be forced by Russia to sign the Love Faint Treaty in the eighth year of Xianfeng (1858).
Entrust orphans to death;
In the 11th year of Xianfeng (186 1), Emperor Xianfeng was seriously ill in Jehol Palace on July 15th. 16, Xianfeng summoned Zai Yuan, Taiziyi, Duanhua, Jing Shou, Minister of Command, Su Shun, Yin Mu, Kuangyuan, Du Han, Jiao Youying, etc. Xian Fengyu: "Li Zai Chun, the eldest son of the emperor, the crown prince." He also said: "Zai Chun, the eldest son of the emperor, is now the Crown Prince. He has sent Zai Yuan, Duanhua, Jing Shou, Su Shun, Yin Mu, Kuangyuan, Du Han and Jiao Youying to assist and praise all government affairs." This is the famous "Eight Ministers of Gu Ming" or "Eight Ministers of Zanxiang Government Affairs" in history. Zai Yuan, etc. Please ask Zhu Biqin, Emperor Xianfeng, to write as a sign of solemnity. Emperor Xianfeng was too ill to write at this time, so he ordered his courtiers to write to Zhu Yu. Before his death, Xianfeng awarded the seal of "Imperial Reward" to Jing Yun, Queen of Niu Zhilu, and the seal of "Fellow Country" to Prince Zai Chun (in charge of Yi Guifei Ye He Na Lashi). On the morning of 17th, Emperor Xianfeng died of illness.