1 the industrial revolution greatly improved productivity and consolidated the rule of capitalist countries.
The industrial revolution caused great changes in the social structure, which split the society into two opposing classes-the industrial bourgeoisie and the proletariat.
The industrial revolution also promoted the rise of modern cities.
The industrial revolution has greatly strengthened the ties between all parts of the world, changed the face of the world, and finally established the bourgeois rule over the world.
Britain, which took the lead in completing the industrial revolution, soon became the world hegemon, enslaving local people and aggravating local poverty and backwardness, and the East was subordinate to the West.
At the same time, they also objectively spread advanced production technologies and models, violently impacting old concepts and systems.
the second industrial revolution
The influence of the second industrial revolution can be described in four aspects:
First of all, the large-scale application of new energy sources such as electricity and coal has directly promoted the great strides of heavy industry, enabling large factories to obtain sustained and effective power supply conveniently and cheaply, thus making large-scale industrial production possible and laying the foundation for subsequent economic monopoly.
Secondly, the invention of the internal combustion engine solved the problem of insufficient power that has long plagued mankind. The invention of the internal combustion engine promoted the emergence of the engine, which solved the problem of transportation, promoted the rapid development of automobiles, ocean-going ships and airplanes, made human footprints spread all over the world, and facilitated cultural and trade exchanges in various regions.
Third, the invention of communication tools. Since Bell invented the telephone in the 1970s, the communication between people is not limited to face-to-face conversation.
Finally, the rapid development of chemical industry. The invention of explosives greatly promoted the progress of military industry and eventually led to the outbreak of World War I.. Various compounds extracted from coal, plastics and man-made fibers have been put into practical life.
The above four great inventions played a decisive role in the second industrial revolution. Humans began to acquire pure knowledge through scientific research, and then in turn promoted the application of theory.
New features of the third industrial revolution;
① Science and technology are playing an increasingly important role in promoting the development of productive forces. The transformation of science and technology into direct productive forces is accelerating, and science and technology are making more and more contributions to the improvement of social labor productivity and economic growth.
(2) The scale, depth and influence are far ahead of two times. Science and technology are closely integrated and promote each other, and all fields promote each other.