Before19th century, some far-sighted chemists pointed out: Considering the future food problem, in order to save future generations from hunger, we must hope that scientists can achieve nitrogen fixation in the atmosphere. Therefore, fixing the abundant nitrogen in the air and transforming it into a usable form became an important topic that attracted many scientists' attention at the beginning of the 20th century. Haber is one of the chemists engaged in the experiment and theoretical research of synthetic ammonia process conditions.

The industrial production of synthetic ammonia with nitrogen and hydrogen as raw materials was once a difficult problem. It took about 150 years to develop from the first laboratory to industrial production. 1795 Some people tried to synthesize ammonia at atmospheric pressure, and later others tried to synthesize ammonia at atmospheric pressure of 50, but all failed. /kloc-in the second half of the 9th century, great progress in physical chemistry made people realize that the reaction of ammonia synthesis by nitrogen and hydrogen is reversible, and increasing pressure will push the reaction to the direction of ammonia production: increasing temperature will move the reaction in the opposite direction, but too low temperature will make the reaction speed too small; The catalyst will have an important influence on the reaction. This actually provides theoretical guidance for synthetic ammonia experiment. Nernst, the authority of physical chemistry at that time, clearly pointed out that nitrogen and hydrogen could synthesize ammonia under high pressure and provided some experimental data. Le Chatterley, a French chemist, was the first to try to synthesize ammonia under high pressure, but he gave up this dangerous experiment because there was a mixture of nitrogen, hydrogen and oxygen in the gas, which caused an explosion. Hubble, who has a good foundation in the field of physical chemistry research, is determined to overcome this daunting problem.