Main characters: Shang Yang

Reason: Qin Xiaogong is determined to reform.

Objective: To develop the economy and improve the combat effectiveness of the army.

Main contents: (1) compiling household registration and strengthening punishment (conducive to strengthening centralization)

(2) Encourage the development of agriculture and reward production (conducive to the economic development of Qin)

(3) Reward the army, and cancel the system of "clearing the stone with ten rewards" (this is beneficial to the improvement of the army's combat effectiveness, but also infringes on the interests of the old slave owners and nobles)

(4) Abandon mining fields, open buildings and recognize private ownership of land (the key to establishing landlord class rule is to formally establish private ownership of land in legal form).

(5) the county system is implemented, and the monarch directly sends officials to govern.

(6) Rectify the social customs of Qin State, implement monogamous small family system, and stipulate that father and son and adult brothers are not allowed to live together in one room. If you are still separated after adulthood, the household registration tax will be doubled.

(7) implement a 20-level system.

(8) When compiling household registration, why do five households interact and ten households supervise? If one family breaks the law and the neighborhood doesn't report it, then ten families will sit together.

Results: Positive effects:

(1) abolished the hereditary privilege of slave owners and nobles, promoted the development of feudal economy and strengthened the centralization of the emerging landlord class.

(2) Make Qin prosperous economically and strong militarily; The world is full of talents; Military victory, territorial expansion and strong national strength.

Negative effects:

(3) Burning Confucian books destroyed a large number of works of famous schools such as Confucian culture and imprisoned the thoughts of the world.

(4) attaching importance to agriculture and restraining business leads to the slow development of productive forces, which makes it difficult to promote the growth of capitalism.

(5) The implementation of autocratic centralization leads to the gradual rigidity and loss of vitality of the country, making it difficult to enter a democratic society.