The language used by Russians and Russians is the common language of all ethnic groups in the former Soviet Union and one of the working languages of the United Nations. It belongs to the eastern branch of the Slavic family of Indo-European languages. In China, Russian speakers are mainly distributed in Yili, Tacheng and Altay in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and Ergon Right Banner in Hulunbeier League in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The close relatives of Russians are Ukrainians and Belarusians. There are two main regional dialects in modern Russian: South Russian and North Russian. The main phonetic features of South Russian are: а phoneme, that is, vowel о is pronounced in unstressed syllables; The consonant г is pronounced as a fricative sound (that is, a voiced sound opposite to х); This verb is soft in the third person suffix т-тъ in the present tense. Russian used by the Russian ethnic group in China belongs to the southern dialect. The main phonetic features of North Russian are: о phoneme, that is, vowel о is still pronounced in unstressed syllables; Is the consonant г pronounced voiced? ; The verb ending in the third person-т in the present tense is hard. There is a transitional zone between the northern and southern dialect areas, from northwest to southeast, commonly known as the Sino-Russian dialect area. Its phonetic features are mixed: а Pinyin; Pronunciation is г; This verb now ends in hard in the third person.

The standard sound of modern Russian is formed on the basis of Moscow sound, and one of its development trends is that pronunciation gradually approaches the sound represented by spelling form. Russian * * * has 33 letters, representing 42 phonemes: 5 vowels and 37 consonants (6 vowels and 36 consonants). The main features of Russian pronunciation are: ① fewer vowels and more consonants; ② Consonants are mostly voiced and voiced, soft and hard; (3) The vowels in unstressed syllables are obviously weakened, and the sound values are sometimes vague; Word stress can fall on different syllables in different words, and there is no fixed position, but when the word shape changes, the stress may move.

The characteristics of Russian grammatical structure are: the grammatical relationship between words and the grammatical function of words in sentences are mainly expressed by the changes of word forms. Russian is one of the languages of Indo-European language family with many changes in ancient word forms. Most nouns have 12 forms, and there are 6 cases of singular and plural. There are more than 20 or even more than 30 forms of adjectives, including singular masculine, neutral, feminine, plural, short tail and comparative. Verb forms can be one or two hundred, including aspect, tense, state, form, adverbial, auxiliary verb and so on. Content words can generally be divided into two parts: stem and suffix. Stem indicates the lexical meaning of words; Suffixes represent grammatical meanings, and usually a suffix contains several grammatical meanings.

Russian vocabulary is extensive, and the oldest vocabulary is inherited from the original Indo-European language. Characters produced in the primitive Slavic language period and the Eastern Slavic language period; /kloc-the characters produced since the independent development of Russian in the 0/4th century. In addition, Russian has borrowed many foreign words in various historical periods. Most of the foreign words in Russian science and technology field were borrowed from German in the early 8th century, from French in the early 9th century, and from English after the middle of 20th century, mainly American English. Since the 1950s, the international use of Russian has obviously expanded.