Florence Cathedral was built as a monument of the Republic after the guild seized power from the nobles at the end of 13. Florence is one of the most powerful city republics in Italy in the13rd century. 1293, the guild uprising completely excluded the nobles from the political power. In order to commemorate the victory of this civilian struggle, the municipal authorities decided to build a cathedral "commensurate with the wealth of citizens". The power of attorney to architect Arnolfo di Cambio (~ 1302) wrote: "You will build the grandest and most magnificent building imaginable by human skills, and you should shape it to be worthy of this extremely great soul that combines the civic spirit of one heart and one mind." It is this "soul" that inspired medieval craftsmen to build one magnificent city church after another. Florence can see the birthplace of the Renaissance. Florence Cathedral, which marks the beginning of Italian Renaissance architectural history. The first thing I saw was taking a taxi from the railway station to the youth hostel at night. The car inadvertently passed by the church square, without any psychological preparation, but at that moment, the cathedral suddenly broke into the limited vision of the not so spacious road-and at that moment, it stayed in my mind forever. This cathedral, usually called Santa Maria Hundred Flowers Cathedral, was built as a monument of the Republic after the guild seized power from the nobles at the end of 13. Its design and construction process, technical achievements and artistic features all reflect the enterprising spirit of the Renaissance.