Guitar can flourish in the 20th century and achieve unprecedented glory, which should be attributed to Spanish guitarist Trega, who is known as the "father of modern guitar". He devoted his life to guitar research and boldly created guitar playing methods. The classical guitar, which has been at a low ebb, was reborn at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
His playing techniques and styles are colorful and reasonable. He successfully adapted the works of Bach, Beethoven and other musicians, broadened the playing field of classical guitar, established his own systematic teaching methods, and influenced all guitar players in the twentieth century through his disciples. Paved the way for the prosperity of guitar in the twentieth century.
The origin of acoustic guitar is not clearly recorded in history. Most books about guitar only record plucked instruments that originated around 2500 BC. After the appearance of various national musical instruments, the plucked instrument with lute as the mainstream began to be popular in Europe, and one of them, guitar, gradually evolved into guitar, but the exact time of its evolution was not recorded in detail. Pipa is usually 20 or 22 strings, but the guitar has become 6 strings and the body has become 8-shaped. The word guitar is composed of Guit (number 4) in Arabic and Tar (string) in ancient Indian, and of course it is related to the name of its predecessor "Guitar". /kloc-At the beginning of the 0/9th century, the number of guitar strings was always 5, and the number of 6 strings was uncertain. Until 1850, a Spaniard named Anthony made an instrument with a chord length of 850mm, just like a modern guitar. This is the real origin of guitar. After that, a number of famous guitars emerged in Spain and Germany.
After a general understanding of the origin of guitar, I will introduce the history of steel-string acoustic guitar to you. In Italy in the18th century, the classical guitar has been finalized. The steel string acoustic guitar happened in the 20th century, and the focus of the topic shifted from Europe to the United States, which coincided with the history of Martin family.
ChristianFredrickMartin, founder of Martin Company, 1796 was born on the Elbe River in Germany. Father is a carpenter. At that time, the guitar was not recognized by people. His father offended the local violin manufacturer by selling homemade handmade guitars. (It may be that violin makers at that time had formed an artist class, while Martin the Great, a carpenter, was just a civilian. ) 1807, my father was ordered to close down.
After mastering the basic knowledge of guitar making, Martin Jr. came to Vienna, the city of music, and became a disciple of the famous violin and guitar maker John Sr. By the way, Schubert likes the violin made by old John very much. After getting married in Vienna, Martin Jr. returned to his hometown and got a formal license to make guitars. In order to get rid of the interference, he later moved to America. Because the earliest Martin guitar had the words "EST. 1833", it is generally believed that he immigrated to the United States in 1833.
The following year (1834), he opened his first guitar shop at No.6 Hudson Street in new york. However, new york is in the process of rapid urbanization. In order to seek a more stable living environment, I moved to Pennsylvania on the recommendation of my friend 1839. The guitar he made here was sold by Professor JohnCooper's guitar classroom. The works of this period are similar to those of old John, such as a single-row reel similar to Fender and an adjuster that can adjust the angle of the neck. From 1940s to 1950s, Martin mainly devoted himself to the internal design of piano cavity. He added an X-shaped force wood to the inside of the watch board, which is more powerful than the previous fan-shaped design.
1856, a boy named Gibson was born in new york when the research on X-design was drawing to a close. At that time, Martin's guitar was basically finalized. Martin I, who achieved these great achievements, died in 1873 and was succeeded by his nephew C.FMartinJr. Due to illness, Martin II also died in 1888 at the age of 83, and his son Frenk. Henry Martin inherited their wishes. About 60 years later than Martin I, 1894, Gibson, a shoe store employee, began to make musical instruments.
Early sixteenth century
Repair Luo, lute.
The Viveira in ancient Greece and the Lute introduced to Europe by the Arab Moors in ancient Egypt are the prototypes of classical guitars and flamenco guitars, which are gradually becoming popular in Europe. Representative musicians at that time were Don Luis Milan (Spain), john Durand (England), Silviu Leopold Weiss (Germany) and Vincenzo Galileo (Italy).
Four-string guitar, five-string guitar
Because the guitar had only four strings at that time, the performance of music was greatly limited. The epoch-making Vicente Espinel added bass strings to the four-string guitar, which greatly enriched the expressive force of the guitar and finally established the status of this ancient national musical instrument. At this point, people call it "Spanish guitar".
/kloc-the golden age from the middle of the 0/8th century to/kloc-the 0/9th century.
Classical six-string guitar
With the popularity of guitar, the five-string guitar can no longer meet people's appreciation requirements, and finally the six-string guitar appeared with the efforts of many musicians. Especially the popularity of fernando sor (Spain), Dionisio aguado (Spain), Joseph Kuffner (Germany), Ferdinando Cary (Italy), Molo Giuliani (Italy) and matteo carcassi (Italy) finally ushered in the glorious golden age of classical guitars.
/kloc-the great depression in the middle of 0/9th century
Classical six-string guitar
The appearance of piano restricts the development of guitar. The ancient plucked instruments are at a loss in front of the "king of musical instruments". People's eyes have shifted, and the guitar is on the decline ... However, these people: Julian arcas (Spain), Jose Ferrer (Spain), Napoleon Coster (France) and Giulio Recondi (Italy) are still working tirelessly in this hot land. Especially, Antonio Torres (Spanish), the "father of modern guitar making", improved the guitar making, which made the tone of the guitar almost perfect and made people see the hope of classical guitar.
From the end of 19 to the heyday of the 20th century.
Modern classical six-string guitar
Thank God for creating Francisco Telga (Spain) for us. He is like the sunshine that illuminates the dark forest, and his unique guitar music moistens this dry land like rain and dew, bringing another beautiful spring to the classical guitar. His disciples: Miguel Loubette (Spain), Daniel Fotia (Spain) and Emilio Pujol (Spain) made unremitting efforts, which laid a solid foundation for the continuous development of classical guitar.
The heyday of this century
Modern classical six-string guitar
It's time to harvest. Under the influence of these masters, classical guitars are widely spread all over the world: De La Massa (Spain), Augustine barrios (Paraguay), Vera Robles (Brazil), antonio lauro (Venezuela), Julian Bream (Britain), john williams (Britain) and Kazuhito Yamashita (Japan). Andres segovia's legendary personal efforts, in particular, have brought the classical guitar to an unprecedented height, which has also been highly valued by people in the music industry, and truly established the position of the classical guitar as an ancient plucked instrument in the music field. As a guitar lover, everyone has the responsibility and obligation to make due contributions to the guitar cause!
Ten-string guitar
Nowadays, a new generation of guitarists represented by Narciso yepes (Spain) have created ten-string guitars, which has opened up a new field for the development of classical guitars.