As the name implies, it is the length of a factory and a title of industrial enterprise administration.

The factory director is responsible for the production, life and all other affairs of the whole factory, is responsible to the general manager of the company, and is responsible for guiding and coordinating the overall operation of the company. As the top leader of the factory, he usually sets a good example for organizing the employees of the company, often participates in and discusses the management of the enterprise with the employees, listens to the opinions of the employees extensively, and establishes and improves various rules and regulations. Assist the general manager to do a good job in the personnel work of the company, and reasonably arrange and equip the production personnel and management personnel of the company. "Director" can also refer to the honorific title for the founder in the factory.

The concept of factory director is a product of history, which came into being with the emergence of factory system and developed with the development of factory system. As far as directors of contemporary enterprises are concerned, the accurate statement seems to be "enterprise manager". In foreign countries, the factory director usually refers to the administrative staff of a factory under the enterprise, and the highest administrative staff of the enterprise is called the "general manager". In China, except for the top executives of multi-factory enterprises who are called "managers" or "general managers", the top executives of most enterprises are generally called "factory directors". As far as their duties are concerned, the factory directors of China enterprises are equivalent to foreign general managers and factory directors. He not only bears the responsibility of directly organizing and directing production, but also bears the responsibility of operating enterprises. At the same time, he also bears some responsibilities equivalent to foreign presidents. Therefore, in the sense of implementing the factory director (manager) responsibility system, the factory director is entrusted by the state (or labor collective), fully responsible for the production and business activities of the enterprise under the unified command under the guarantee supervision of the enterprise party Committee and the democratic supervision of the employees, and is the legal representative of the enterprise.

The position of factory director

For a long time, people often confuse the factory director with government officials and regard the position of the factory director as an official title. "The reason for this is related to China's past economic management system. Because under the old economic management system, on the one hand, officials of many government agencies directly control the production and business activities of enterprises from different fields and exercise some functions that should be exercised by factory directors. On the other hand, the factory director depends on the administrative level, material and political treatment, and applies the administrative level, salary income and political treatment. If they do a good job, they can be promoted to administrative organs and take the path of "factory director-director-",but in fact this is a misunderstanding caused by "historical misunderstanding" From the professional nature, the factory director is a position similar to the title, and it is a production management position that only people with management skills can be competent. Its nature is very different from that of government administrative officials such as mayors and directors.

Just as the management of socialist enterprises has duality, as the top manager of enterprises, the position of factory director also has duality: on the one hand, it has general social attributes associated with productivity and socialized production, on the other hand, it has special social attributes associated with production relations and socialist system.

1. General social attribute of factory director position

The general social attribute of the position of factory director is determined by the general social attribute of enterprise management and its basic function, that is, the requirement of rational organization of productivity. As the top manager of an enterprise, in order to create material wealth, the factory director must reasonably organize the productive forces according to the objective requirements of modern socialized mass production, so that the production factors such as workers, labor means and labor objects can be rationally configured and combined, and an organic whole can be formed according to the requirements of production technology, thus giving full play to the best work efficiency, management efficiency and economic benefits. At this point, whether it is the director of a socialist enterprise or the director of a capitalist enterprise, their functions and roles are common and there is no difference.

Marx said a long time ago: "Where there are many individuals engaged in cooperative labor, the connection and unity of the process must be manifested in the will of a conductor, and in various functions unrelated to local labor but related to all activities in the workshop, just like a band needs a conductor." Lenin also said:. Any large machine industry-that is, the source and foundation of socialist material and production-needs unconditional and strict unified will to direct the joint work of hundreds, thousands or even tens of thousands of people. From the technical, economic and historical point of view, this necessity is obvious. All people who want to realize socialism always admit that this is the condition for realizing socialism. But how can we ensure the strictest unity of will? This is just to make the will of hundreds of people obey the will of one person. "Marx and Lenin most clearly expounded the necessity of the factory director and the authority of his position. What's more, the production socialization of modern enterprises far exceeds the era when Marx and Lenin lived. Highly automated and continuous large-scale production requires all departments and links of the enterprise to cooperate more closely in time and space, and it is even more necessary to have a powerful and efficient production and operation command system and the command authority of its chief commander, the factory director.

2. The special social attribute of the factory director position

The special social attribute of the position of factory director is determined by the special social attribute of enterprise management and its basic function, that is, the requirement of maintaining and perfecting socialist production relations. As the top manager of the enterprise, the factory director should not only organize socialized mass production according to the requirements of the law of productive forces, but also carry out production management according to the requirements of the law of socialist production relations in order to create material wealth and increase value. In this respect, the factory directors of socialist enterprises and capitalist enterprises are completely different in essence. The private ownership of the means of production determines that the director of a capitalist enterprise organizes the production and business activities of the enterprise with the aim of extracting as much surplus value as possible, so he often does whatever it takes to increase the value. No matter what kind of "democratic" management form they adopt now, their purpose has no and it is impossible to change. As Marx pointed out: "The management of capitalists is not only a special function produced by the nature of social labor process, but also a function of exploiting social labor process, so it is also determined by the inevitable confrontation between the exploiter and the raw materials he exploited." Even if the capital owner does not directly participate in management activities, but adopts the manager responsibility system selected by the board of directors, the hired manager is just the agent of the capitalist, acting according to the capitalist's will, and also performing the function of "exploiting the social labor process". The factory directors of socialist enterprises are different. When organizing the production and business activities of enterprises and solving the problem of value appreciation, the factory directors of China enterprises should first consider that the purpose of socialist production is to continuously meet the needs of people's growing material and cultural life, and must follow the planned laws of commodity economy on the basis of public ownership, adhere to the socialist material interests and the principle of "distribution according to work", handle well the interests of the state, enterprises and employees, and handle well the relations among various personnel within enterprises. Maximize the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of all employees of the enterprise, do a good job in ideological and political work, and guide and educate employees to put national interests first when seeking benefits for employees of the enterprise. In Gigi Lai, the "labor-capital opposition" relationship in capitalist enterprises no longer exists. The relationship between the factory director and the workers is not only the relationship between the leader and the led, but also the relationship of equality and cooperation, and the relationship of division of labor and cooperation. This division of labor is consistent in goals and interests, but completely equal in character. Workers' status as masters determines that the authority of factory director's management function must be based on workers' democratic management. Only by respecting the workers' democratic management rights and being the "public servant" of the whole factory can the factory director win the support and support of the workers, and thus truly gain the authority to direct the production and business activities of the enterprise.