There seems to be no mention of nine counties in Jingxiang in history books, usually seven or eight counties. I believe you will know that Nanyang, Nanjun, Jiangxia, Changsha, Wuling, Lingling and Guiyang are all in the books of the later Han Dynasty. What about eight counties?
There are more and more consultants on the operating table. He said, "Although the operation has arrived, there is nothing I can do."
——————— Biography of the Three Kingdoms Liu Biao cited "the strategy of Sima Biao"
There is almost the same statement in the biography of Liu Biao in the later Han Dynasty. Ye Fan, the author of The History of the Later Han Dynasty, and Pei Song, the annotator of The Three Kingdoms, are contemporaries. I estimate that the materials they quoted are all from Sima Biao's plan, but the book of the Later Han Dynasty did not indicate it, and the original text was changed.
As we can see, there are eight counties in Jingzhou mentioned, and I have a note in the Book of the Later Han Dynasty:
Han Dynasty officials said that Jingzhou was in charge of Changsha, Lingling, Guiyang, Nanyang, Jiangxia, Wuling, Nanjun and Zhang Ling.
Compared with the seven counties in the Book of the Later Han Dynasty, there is an additional Zhangling County here. When was this Zhang Ling County published?
Pei's Note on Liu Biao's Biography of the Three Kingdoms —— It says: Yue, following Kuai Tong and ..., worshiped the imperial edict as the satrap, and named the model as the satrap.
The Biography of Mi Fei in the later Han Dynasty recorded the contact between Huang Zu's eldest son and Mi Fei: he shot his eldest son, was the prefect of Zhang Ling, and was especially good at balancing. —————— Huang Zu's eldest son, Huang She, is also a magistrate.
Hanshu is located in 36 counties and hundreds of counties and cities in Qin Dynasty. After a brief analysis, this is the end of the records of counties in the history of the late Han Dynasty, from which we can see that the evolution of counties is recorded in the history of later generations. At this time, there are only seven counties in Jingzhou: Nanyang, Nanjun, Jiangxia, Changsha, Wuling, Lingling and Guiyang, so Zhangling County should be located after this. -Personally, I think it should be Huan. However, Zhang Ling, which belongs to Nanyang, seems to have been safe and sound all the time. Nanyang is too big (it was later classified as a new county for many times). In addition, Zhang Ling is the hometown of Guangwu Emperor Liu Xiu, the seat of the ancestral temple, and its status is extraordinary. Therefore, after the elimination of the yellow turban insurrectionary, it is very likely that Zhangling County will be located in Nanyang. Of course, it does not rule out that it was set by Dong Zhuo after he took power.
Official media don't watch first, look at romance first:
If I remember correctly, it was said for the first time in the romance that there were nine counties in Jingzhou on the 31st. Sun Gan said, "Sometimes you succeed or fail, don't lose heart. It's not far from Jingzhou. Liu Jingsheng was in Jiujun, a strong soldier and a strong grain, and was related to the Han family. Why not vote for him? "
If you are serious with Guan Shui, there are only eight counties in Jingzhou at the moment, and Nanyang is not under the control of Liu Biao, which means that Liu Biao actually has only seven counties, which shows that the nine counties are a BUG.
However, in the romance, the name of Jingxiang Nine Counties was extended. Luo Guanshui can choose no matter which county Cao Cao chooses or which county Sun Quan chooses. Anyway, it's nine counties, so someone wants to put forward the saying of "nine counties in Han Dynasty" for Guan Shui's brother.
In fact, this theory of nine counties in Han Dynasty still comes from Romance. Fifty-six-Cao Cao had a few drinks, but he was drunk. He called around with a pen and inkstone, trying to write a poem at a bronze sparrow terrace. Just now, I was writing and suddenly reported that "Wu Dong made Hua Xin show Liu Bei as a shepherd in Jingzhou, and Sun Quan married Liu Bei with his sister. Most of the nine counties in the Han Dynasty are ready. "
It's not mentioned in The Romance of Nine Counties in Han Dynasty. Why didn't you say you didn't know? But if I have to say it, I promise brother Guan Shui won't say it either. He insisted that the nine counties were Nanjun, Hanchang, Yidu, Xiangyang, Jiangxia, Wuling, Guiyang, Lingling and Changsha. But I still don't understand that there are very few of these nine counties that can be related to Hanshui River. Can Guiyang and Lingling, thousands of miles away from Hanshui River, also be classified as the nine counties of Hanshui River?
In fact, bugs are bugs. In Romance, there are six counties and eighty-one states in Jiangdong besides Jingxiang County (there are six counties: Lujiang in Danyang, Jiujiang will remember yu zhang in Wujun, but where can you find these eighty-one states), and there are forty-one states in Xichuan. Who has time to help Brother Guan Shui make it round slowly _
When Cao Cao obtained Jingzhou, according to the Book of Jin:
Wei Wu is the land of Jingzhou, which is divided into Xiangyang County to the north of Nanjun, Nanxiang County to the west of Nanyang and Linjiang County to the west of Zhijiang.
Xiangyang and Nanxiang are fine. Linjiang County, west of Zhijiang, is actually Yidu County (now Yichang, Hubei Province) in the hands of Liu Bei, but Zhang Ling has disappeared. Suddenly disappeared? However, in Geography of the Book of Jin, there is another story: Emperor Wu divided Wu Ping into Nanping County and Yiyang County in Nanyang. ...
Yiyang County here is actually similar to the jurisdiction of Zhangling County (now Zaoyang, Hubei Province to Tongbai, Henan Province), and Anchang under Yiyang County is actually Zhang Ling, but it was renamed after the regime change.
Then I think it is possible that after Cao Cao took Jingzhou, Zhang Lingjun was omitted, and Sima later set up Yiyang County in the same place. Of course, the county government has changed.
After Chibi, Sun Quan classified Changsha as Hanchang, so in the twenty-four years of Jian 'an, Jingzhou was probably like this:
Cao Cao Nan Township, Nanyang, Xiangyang and Jiangxia (Sun Cao and Cao Cao both have their own Jiangxia county, and Cao Cao's Jiangxia satrap is Wen Pin).
Liu Bei's Nanjun, Yidu, Wuling and Lingling (although Guan Yu led the Xiangyang satrap, it was nominal, so it was not counted).
Guiyang Changsha Hanchang Sun Quan Jiangxia
It is only fair to divide three counties into one family and four counties.
Why did Cao Cao save Zhang Lingjun? I think he should have his own considerations. Zhang Ling is close to Xiangyang, whose geographical location determines that Xiangyang needs to set up a county. In addition, Cao Cao set up Jiangxia County in the northern part of the original Jiangxia, which further compressed the space of Zhangling County, so Zhangling County became redundant, so Nanyang was redrawn. In the past, Zhang Ling was separated from the southeast of Nanyang, but now it has been preserved.
Later, Sima established Yiyang County. I think one is that the population is much larger than that of Cao Wei, and the other is that the State of Wu was destroyed. It is logical that the two Jiangxia regions are merged into one, and a part of the territory in the north of Jiangxia region is separated from the territory in the southeast of Nanyang, and Yiyang County is established. This is another story, so I won't say much here.
After the baptism of the Three Kingdoms, great changes have taken place in Jingzhou. Compared with the Han Dynasty, the population has been greatly reduced, but there are more counties and counties, and correspondingly, there are more officials. How can such a dynasty maintain long-term stability? I hope that when people talk about the Three Kingdoms, don't forget that "white bones are exposed in the wild, and there are no crows in a thousand miles." Giving birth to a hundred people, the horror of breaking people's intestines.
Attachment —— Counties and population statistics of Jingzhou recorded in the Book of Jin and the Book of the Later Han Dynasty;
Tongnan County of Jingzhou consists of 15 counties, including Wuchang, Wuling, Yidu, Jianping, Tianmen, Changsha, Lingling, Guiyang, Hengyang, Xiangdong, Zhaoling, Shixing and Shi 'an, among which Nanyang, Jiangxia, Xiangyang, Nanxiang, Xincheng belong to Wei Jingzhou. Wu Ping, Emperor of the Han Dynasty, divided Nanjun into Nanping County, Yiyang County in Nanyang, Yangshun County in Nanxiang, Guangzhou, Shi 'an and Helin County in Shixing and Ancheng County in Yangzhou. 22 counties, 169 counties, 357548 households.
———————————— "Geography of the Book of Jin"
Nanyang county [* Qin family. Luoyang is 700 miles south. *] 37 cities, 528,551household, 2,439,618 people.
Nanjun [* Qin family. Luoyang is in the south 1500 miles. *] Seventeen cities, 162570 households with 747640 people.
Jiangxia County [* Gaodijia. Luoyang is 500 miles south. *] Fourteen cities with 58,434 households and 265,464 people.
Lingling County [* set by Emperor Wudi. Luoyang is 3300 miles south. *] Thirteen cities with 2 12284 households and 10 1578 people.
Guiyang County [* Gaodijia. The mountain leads the mountain. It's 3900 miles south of Luoyang. *] Eleven cities, 135299 households, 55 1430 people.
Wuling County [* Qin Zhaowang's home. The name of the county in central Guizhou was changed five years ago. Luoyang is 2 100 miles south. *] Twelve cities with 46,672 households and 259 13 people.
Changsha county [* Qin family. Luoyang is 2800 miles south. *] Thirteen cities, 255,854 households,159,372 people.
Right Jingzhou secretariat department, county seven, county, city, Hou Guo 117. (Note: nearly1400,000 households, a family of five. When Emperor Shun was in power, Jingzhou had a population of seven million, which was less than one third when Sima was unified. )
—————————— The Book of Were Han.