More than 4,000 years ago, tribal leaders fought for balance in the Central Plains, and gradually formed a situation in which Yan Di, Huangdi and Chiyou were divided. Huangdi lived in the central region, Yan Di in the south and Chiyou in the north, all of which originated from Shennong. According to reports, Huangdi and Yandi are sons of Shaodian, and Chiyou is also famous for his medical biography and ironware after Shennong. Yan Di fought against Chiyou, but Yan Di was defeated and turned to the Yellow Emperor for help. The Yellow Emperor was defeated in nine wars, and finally the battle of Zhuolu was defeated by Chiyou. After that, more tribes joined the Yellow Emperor, and the Yellow Emperor was promoted to be the Lord of the world. Shennong was a tribal leader, and Yan Di refused to accept it, so Yan Di and Huangdi fought. Huangdi was better than the battle of Hanquan, and Emperor Yan became the son of heaven. The two tribes of Yanhuang merged and merged with other tribes that joined the surrender, and gradually formed the Chinese nation. Around 2070, Qi established the Xia Dynasty; 1600 years ago, the Shang dynasty was established; Before 1046, the Zhou Dynasty was established. Since the Zhou Dynasty, the range of activities has gradually expanded from the Yellow River basin to the Huaihe River, Surabaya River, Yangtze River and Hanshui River basins. During this period, Huaxia nationality gradually formed and became the predecessor of modern Han nationality, which was different from many ethnic groups such as Yi, Man, Rong and Di, but at this time the distinction between Hua and Yi was not very strict. Qin Shihuang unified China and established the Qin Dynasty, but the Qin Dynasty perished in 14 because of tyranny. At the end of Qin Dynasty, there was chaos in the world, and finally Liu Bang unified the world. Because Liu Bang was once named Hanwang, the established dynasty was called the Han Dynasty. During the 408 years of the Han Dynasty, China's territory expanded unprecedentedly and its culture was highly developed. In the pre-Qin period, China people with the Chinese nation as the core and subject called themselves "Han people", hence the name Han people. At this time, the distribution of Han population is still concentrated in the Yellow River and Huaihe River basins. Since the Yongjia Rebellion at the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, due to the Five Dynasties Rebellion, the Han population gradually migrated to the Yangtze River, the Pearl River and the southeast of China on a large scale, which was called "dressing in the south" in history. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the Han people regained control of the Central Plains, while during the Tang Dynasty, because of their strong national strength, the Han people once called themselves "Tangren". During the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, the population of Han nationality in South China greatly exceeded that in North China. After the establishment of the Qing Dynasty, the Manchu rulers expelled the Han nationality in Northeast China, taking the border of Liu as the boundary and forbidding the Han nationality to enter the local area. It was not until the end of the Qing Dynasty that the Han people were allowed to re-enter the Northeast in order to enrich the frontier and prevent Russian infiltration. During Zhang's rule in Northeast China, a large number of Shandong Han people were introduced to Dongdu.
China ethnic distribution map (Han nationality is brown).