Kublai Khan of Yuan Shizu launched two wars of aggression against China in 1274 (11th year of Yuan Dynasty, 11th year of Rihongan) and 128 1 year (18th year of Yuan Dynasty, 4th year of Rihongan). 1259 (the ninth year of Tang Xianzong), Kublai Khan conquered Korea, and in 1268 (the fifth year of Yuan to Yuan), he ordered North Korean envoys to take their credentials to Japan. In the book, he asked Japan to follow the example of South Korea and "make peace" or "use force". The Japanese court prayed for God's blessing, but refused to accept it with "unreasonable words". When the shogunate came to power in the North Island, it ordered Taizai Prefecture to prepare for the war and strengthen public security in the coastal areas of Kyushu. Later, Kublai Khan sent two envoys, both of which were rejected by the Japanese court. 1274, Kublai Khan launched a war to conquer Japan.
On June 3rd, 1274, 10, commander of Xindu, left and right deputy commanders Hong Chaqiu and Liu Fuheng were ordered to command 20,000 Mongolian and Han troops, 5,000 Korean troops and 6,700 sailors, with a total of 32,300 people departing from Hepu, South Korea. 1274, 10 year 10. From October 5th to June 4th, Mata Island and Yiqi Island were successively captured. On June 16, he approached the coastal island in front of Fat and killed hundreds of Japanese soldiers. 19 yen warship sailed into Hakata Bay and landed the next day. The defenders commanded the heroic battle with the capital, but under the closed tactics of the Yuan infantry and the power of gunpowder weapons, the Japanese army was at a disadvantage. The Japanese Yen Expeditionary Force appointed by Yuan Shizu is a coalition of Mongolian, North Korean and South Korean troops. The Mongolian army not only has far more combat effectiveness than Japan, but also has the same tactics. According to the historical records of Japanese Mongolian leather armor, drums and gongs are loud. The Japanese war horse was frightened and jumped around. When the samurai turned his horse's head and rushed to the enemy, he was already shot by the enemy. Mongolian arrow is very short, but the root of the arrow is coated with venom, which is poisonous when it is shot. Hundreds of enemies are raining arrows, and long-handled spears can pierce the cracks in armor. The yuan army lined up, the approach was divided among them, and the two sides were encircled, and the whole army was wiped out. Yuan Junjia is light, good at riding, strong, brave and comfortable, good at advancing and good at retreating. According to the high command, the general advances and retreats, and acts according to the drum. When retreating, the iron cannon was filled with iron bullets, accompanied by flames, full of fire and smoke; His voice was harsh, his heart was broken, he was dizzy, he was deaf, he didn't argue, and many people were killed. At the end of the fierce battle, the Japanese army retreated to Dazai Prefecture, Shuicheng. Liu Fuheng was wounded by an arrow and the Yuan army withdrew to the ship. That night, an unexpected typhoon overturned more than 200 warships of the Yuan Army, and Xindu retreated to China by the remaining ships overnight.
After Wen Yongzhi's war, Kim captured 200 Japanese and presented them as slaves to the King of Korea.
Starting from 1275, the shogunate began to prepare for the second invasion that they thought would be carried out soon. In addition to better organizing the samurai in Kyushu, they also built forts and other defense facilities at many possible landing sites, including Hakata Port. At the same time, King Koryo negotiated with the Yuan Dynasty many times and opposed the plan of further aggression against Japan. The Yuan Dynasty also sent envoys to Japan, but Japan twice ordered the envoys sent by the Yuan Dynasty to be beheaded. Kublai Khan was very angry and began to actively plan the second invasion.
After the Yuan Army conquered the Southern Song Dynasty in 1279, it launched its second invasion of Japan in the spring of 128 1. The scale of the Yuan Army's invasion was larger than the first one, and there were hundreds of thousands of Jiangnan troops led by Fan, Li Ting and others. Yuan fleet was delayed because of supply and personnel deployment. Their North Korean allies advanced first and returned to Tsushima Island after a disastrous defeat. In the summer of the same year, Yuan Army and Koreans seized Yiqi Island, headed for Kyushu and landed in different places. After some independent small-scale battles, that is, the so-called Hongan Campaign or "Hakata Port World War II", the Yuan Army was driven back to the ship. At this time, a typhoon that lasted for two days, that is, the now very famous "kamikaze", attacked Yuan's fleet and destroyed most of the ships.
As for the reason why the Yuan Army fleet was destroyed by the typhoon, it is said that it was because the Yuan Army used gondolas to sail in inland rivers and adopted the watertight cabin layout popular at that time, instead of ocean-going ships. This happened because of the cruel oppression of China and North Korea by Mongolian rulers in the Yuan Dynasty, which led to the antipathy of the two places (North Korea and the southern coast of China) to the construction of warships. The Han Chinese and Koreans who built ships deliberately used the wrong ship type, while the Mongols knew nothing about sailing. Or maybe Kublai Khan attacked Japan too hastily, and the ship was not fully prepared, so the shipbuilders had to perfunctory things. But the specific reason is still inconclusive.