1, Pearl River system
The Pearl River is the second largest river in China and the third largest river in China, with an annual runoff of over 349.2 billion cubic meters, ranking second in the national water system, second only to the Yangtze River and six times that of the Yellow River. It has a total length of 2,320 kilometers and a drainage area of about 440,000 square kilometers.
The Pearl River includes three tributaries: Xijiang River, Beijiang River and Dongjiang River, among which Xijiang River is the longest and is usually called the trunk of the Pearl River. The Pearl River is a big river in the south of China, which flows through Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Guangdong, Hunan, Jiangxi and other provinces (regions) and the northeast of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, with a drainage area of 453,690 square kilometers, including 442 100 square kilometers in China.
2. Yangtze River system
The Yangtze River system has 49 tributaries with a drainage area of 1 10,000 square kilometers, mainly including Jialing River, Hanshui River, Minjiang River, Yalong River, Xiangjiang River, Yuanjiang River, Wujiang River, Ganjiang River, Zishui River and Tuojiang River. The tributaries whose total length exceeds 1000km are Hanjiang River, Jialing River, Yalong River, Yuanjiang River and Wujiang River.
The tributaries with a basin area of 50,000 square kilometers are Jialing River, Hanjiang River, Minjiang River, Yalong River, Xiangjiang River, Yuanjiang River, Wujiang River and Ganjiang River. The average annual runoff of Minjiang River, Xiangjiang River, Jialing River, Yuanjiang River, Ganjiang River, Yalong River, Hanjiang River and Wujiang River exceeds 50 billion cubic meters.
3. Yellow River system
The Yellow River, with a total length of 5,464 kilometers, is the second longest river in China. The Yellow River originates from the Yuegu Zonglie Basin at the northern foot of Bayan Kara on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, flows through nine provinces and regions including Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Henan and Shandong, and flows into the Bohai Sea in Kenli District, Dongying City, Shandong Province.
The Yellow River basin covers an area of 795,000 square kilometers (including 42,000 square kilometers in the Erdos inflow area), with more than 40 main tributaries and more than 1 1,000 rivers, with a basin area of 750,000 square kilometers.
The average annual precipitation in the Yellow River basin is about 400 mm, while the average annual runoff of the Yellow River is only 58 billion cubic meters, accounting for 2% of the national river runoff, ranking eighth among the major rivers in China.
4. Huaihe River System
The Huaihe River system is located between the Yellow River and the Yangtze River, including many tributaries that flow into the Huaihe River. The main stream of Huaihe River originates from the northern foot of Taibaiding, Tongbai Mountain, Henan Province, and its notable feature is the asymmetry of tributaries from north to south. North shore tributaries are many and long, flowing through Huanghuai Plain;
There are few and short tributaries on the south bank, which run through mountains and streams. The Huaihe River system, bounded by the abandoned Yellow River, is divided into two major water systems: the Huaihe River and the Yishu Sihe River, which are connected by the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, Hu Aishu Xinhe and Xu Honghe.
5. Liaohe River System
The total length of Liaohe River is 1430 km, with a drainage area of 229,400 square kilometers, spanning Inner Mongolia and Liaoning provinces. The East-West Liaohe River meets near Fudian, Changtu County, Liaoning Province, and is later called Liaohe River.
The main stream of Liaohe River has a wide valley and twists and turns. Along the way, Zhao Sutai River, Qinghe River and Xiushui River were accepted, and they were divided into two streams near Xinmin Liujianfang to Liaozhong County. One flows south to Wailiao River, and after accepting Hunhe River, the largest tributary of Liaohe River, it is also called Daliao River, and finally enters the sea in Yingkou. Another stream flows west, called Shuangtaizi River, and enters the sea at Panshan Bay.
6. Haihe River System
Haihe River is the largest water system in northern China. The main stream of Haihe River starts from Sanchakou near Tianjin Jingang Bridge and flows eastward into Bohai Sea, with a total length of only 73 kilometers.
However, it has accepted five tributaries and more than 300 larger tributaries of the upper reaches, namely, Beiyun, Yongding, Daqing, Ziya and South Canal, forming the largest water system in North China-Haihe River System. These tributaries spread out like a huge fan on the North China Plain.
Together with Luanhe River in the northeast and Tu Hai and Ma Jiahe in the south, it forms the Haihe River Basin, covering an area of 365,438+800,000 square kilometers, covering seven provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, including Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi, Henan, Shandong and Inner Mongolia.
7. Songhua River system
The total length of Songhua River is 1927 km, and the drainage area is about 545,000 square kilometers, accounting for 60% of the total area in Northeast China, spanning Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces.
Its main tributaries are Nenjiang River (with a total length of 1.089 square kilometers and a drainage area of 283,000 square kilometers, accounting for more than half of the total area of Songhua River), Hulan River, Mudanjiang River, Tangwang River, Woken River and Lalin River.
Below Jiamusi, there is a vast Sanjiang Plain, with fertile grasslands and marshes along the coast, which is the famous "Great Northern Wilderness" in China. Although Songhua River is a tributary of Heilongjiang, it far exceeds Heilongjiang in economic sense.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Seven Major Water Systems in China