Photo: Chinese dynasty sequence table, Chinese historical chronology.
Three Emperors and Five Emperors, Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties (Western Zhou Dynasty, Eastern Zhou Dynasty (Spring and Autumn Period, Warring States Period), Qin and Han Dynasties (Western Han Dynasty, Eastern Han Dynasty), Three Kingdoms Period (Wei, Shu, Wu), Jin Dynasty (Western Jin Dynasty, Eastern Jin Dynasty), Southern and Northern Dynasties ((Southern Dynasties [Song, Qi, Liang, Chen]))
Song of dynasty (formula of song of dynasty)
The first song of the dynasty: a primary school history textbook published by mainland people's education publishing house
Since the beginning of the Three Emperors and Five Emperors, Yao Shunyu has been passed down from generation to generation; Xia and Shang Dynasties, Western Zhou Dynasty and Eastern Zhou Dynasty are divided into two parts. Spring and Autumn and Warring States unified Qin and Han Dynasties; Three points in Wei Shuwu, before and after the Second Jin Dynasty; The Southern and Northern Dynasties coexisted, and the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties passed; After Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, the imperial dynasty ended here.
The second song of the dynasty: the first song of the Hong Kong edition
Yan Huang was worried about Xia and Shang Dynasties, and was considerate to the belligerents. The Qin Dynasty merged with six countries, and Ying Zheng was called the first emperor. The Honggou boundary between Chu and Han eventually belonged to Liu Bang, Huai in the Western Han Dynasty and Luoyang in the Eastern Han Dynasty. At the end of the year, the yellow turban insurrectionary comes out, and the three countries are kings. The Western Jin Dynasty changed to the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the capital moved to Jiankang, Tuoba entered the Central Plains, and the country was divided into north and south. Sixteen countries in the Northern Dynasties, Qi Liang in the Southern Dynasties, were destroyed by the Sui Dynasty, defeated by the Tang Dynasty, and changed to Zhou Dynasty. Wuhou is the emperor, and there are five generations of remnant emperors. Lingguan Houzhuang and Hua Xin were divided into ten countries, the Northern Song Dynasty was divided into the Southern Tang Dynasty, and the State of Jin captured the second emperor.
The third song of the dynasty: the history textbook of the mainland Soviet education edition, the second song of the Hong Kong edition.
Tang Yao, Yu Shun, Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the unification of Qin, Han and Jin Dynasties, the enemies of the Southern Dynasties and the Northern Dynasties, the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, and the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties as emperors.
The fourth song of the dynasty: the third song of the Hong Kong version
Xia Hou Yin, Shang, Western Zhou, Eastern Zhou, Spring and Autumn and Warring States. Wei Shuwu in the Western and Eastern Han Dynasties, Wu Hu in the Western and Eastern Jin Dynasties. Xiongnu Jieshi Qiang Murong, after the Tuoba Dynasty, the north dominated. Song, Qi, Liang and Chen were Southern Dynasties, and Northern Wei, Qi and Zhou Dynasties were Northern Dynasties. The Northern Zhou Dynasty destroyed Qi, spread to Sui, and Sui destroyed Chen and unified. The Sui Dynasty destroyed Tang Xing, saying that it was rich and powerful, and the Five Dynasties and Ten Countries were kings. Qidan rose in the north and entered the capital of song dynasty as Liao. Chen Qiaotou was founded in the Five Dynasties and the Song Dynasty. Jurchen built gold to destroy Liao first, and the Northern Song Dynasty broke Bianjing. In the Southern Song Dynasty, he settled in Jiangnan, and the country name Yuan rose in Mongolia. Jin destroyed the unification of Song Dynasty, and the Yuan Dynasty ruled for 90 years. There were 16 monarchs in the Ming dynasty, and the number of Manchuria was the latter. After the Jin Dynasty, the title was changed to Qing Dynasty, and Beijing was declared as the capital of the emperor. Since the people realized the revolution, the Qing emperor abdicated and the Republic of China was founded.
The fifth kind of dynasty songs
Pangu Tiankai, the legend of Three Emperors and Five Emperors has been around for thousands of years. Yao Shunyu, the ancestor of the Yellow Emperor in Yan Di, abdicated. Slavery in Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, feudalism in Eastern Zhou Dynasty. Qin and Han dynasties unified the territory and the three countries fought. Western Jin, Eastern Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Sui and Tang Dynasties, the territory expanded. The Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms split, and the metals in Song, Liao and Xia were great. The Ming fleet sailed to the western seas, and the Qing dynasty's lock on the country was broken. The civil war and foreign war in the Republic of China opened a new chapter in the People's Republic of China.
The sixth song of the dynasty: a simple version commonly used by middle school students in Hong Kong
Huang Yu, Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, Spring and Autumn Period, Warring States, Qin, Han, Three Kingdoms, Jin, North-South Division, Sui, Tang, Five Dynasties, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties and their people.
The seventh song of the dynasty
Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties have three emperors and five emperors, belonging to Qin and Han Dynasties. Jin ended in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Sui and Tang Dynasties, followed by Tsinghua in the Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties.
The Eighth Song of the Dynasty: Imitating Jay Chou's Chrysanthemum Terrace
Your classroom, flowing in history; The business between Xia and Shang dynasties has a long history and serves as a link between the past and the future. The Zhou dynasty was too long and split in two; Spring and autumn are on bamboo slips, and the Warring States is busy fighting. Qin destroyed the six countries, and the Great Wall was once brilliant; I died because of that tyranny. Han was in the distance and was injured before and after. Drift with the wind, look brand-new. (New: Wang Mang's new dynasty) The Three Kingdoms were disabled, the Jin Dynasty perished, and the Hu people turned yellow; Northerners are heartbroken, and the sky is gray and wild. Wu Phnom Penh, Song Qiliang and Chen Jiangshan were cut off; Six Dynasties rouge powder, where to pair. The sui dynasty was too short, and the Tang dynasty fell on the brilliant and withered silk road, which was unbearable in the five dynasties. When crossing the river in the Song Dynasty, the north and the south split in two, fearing that Liao and Jin would land and the mountains and rivers would shake. Yuan Jiangshan, crazy horseshoe; The military uniforms of the Ming Dynasty roared with vicissitudes. When the Qing army entered the customs, China sighed lightly; A loud noise, so embarrassing. History books are full of wounds, and your face has turned yellow; The scholar was heartbroken and dripped quietly. The north wind is chaotic, the night is still early, and the twenty-five histories are constantly cut; Leaving me alone, I shed tears.
Dynasty ninth song
Xia, Shang, Western Zhou, Spring and Autumn and Warring States. After the Qin Dynasty, the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Three Kingdoms and the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Unity of Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Sui and Tang Dynasties. Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, Song Liao and Xia Jin. In Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, the territory of China was determined.
The origin of dynasty names in Chinese history
China has a long history and its dynasties are sporadic and complicated. The first thing the founder of each dynasty should do is to establish the country name (dynasty name), which is called the name of the dynasty for short. The title of a country is the title of a country. Historical Records of the Five Emperors: "From the Yellow Emperor to Yu Shun, all people have the same surname and are named after Zhang Mingde."
Before and after the Song Dynasty, the titles of big and small countries were all taken according to their geographical location. During the Spring and Autumn Period, the titles of Jin, Song, Han, Zhou, Zhao, Wei, Chu, Wu, etc. It often appears repeatedly in later generations, because the founding of the country or the rise of the army or the fiefs of leaders are all in these ancient areas.
Li went to Taiyuan, hence the name of Tang. Zhao Kuangyin was given a yellow robe in Kaifeng and named Song. Liu bang was named Hanwang by Xiang Yu, and the national title was Han after reunification. Sima Jia lives in the state of Jin, and his country's name is Jin. Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty, the founder of Sui Dynasty, inherited his father's country name as "Sui", that is, he took Sui (because there was a word "Zou" in Sui Dynasty, the word "Zou" was removed and Sui was created) as the country name. Even the political power established by the Hu people in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the title of the country is determined strictly according to the geographical features, such as Beiliang, Southern Yan, the former Qin Dynasty and the later Zhao Dynasty. One exception is the "new" dynasty established by Wang Mang at the end of the Western Han Dynasty, which means to get rid of the old and innovate, giving Wang Mang the meaning of the New Deal.
In fact, before the Song Dynasty, Hu Han's founding activities were mostly carried out under the Kyushu system in Gong Yu, and the founders could find their corresponding places. With the expansion of China, the horizon can no longer cover the countries that appear on the historical stage. For example, Kyushu does not include Northeast China and Mongolia, so it is difficult for Hu people from the Northeast to take the country name according to the place. Starting from the Liao Dynasty, the Hu people who set out from Northeast Asia, such as Jin Yuan, canceled the tradition of looking forward to the founding of the country and gave it meaning. Liao means iron in the Khitan language, and gold can win iron, so Jurchen takes the title of gold. The so-called "Daganyuan" originally meant Yuan, so Mongolia was named Yuan. Although the Ming Dynasty was a political power established by the Han people, it was not prepared to restore the ancient system. It is said that the name of this country comes from Zoroastrianism. Green is a variant of gold.
To sum up, the selection method of the title before Liao Dynasty was based on the geographical view, and it was quite regular to give the title meaning after Liao Dynasty.
Wu Zetian's country name is Zhou, because the family background is not obvious. In order to show that he is actually a prominent family, he began to want to find himself an ancestor with a high family background. Finally, he found his youngest son, because when he was born, his palm print was Wu, and later generations took Wu as his surname, indicating that Wu was from Ji's surname. At the same time, I gave my mother Yang a surname of Ji. So I gave my father the seal from Ying Guogong to Zhou Guogong. People in the Tang Dynasty believed that only Zhou and Han were prosperous before the Tang Dynasty, and Zhou was more respected than hankyung. It is said in The Anthology of Ci that Zhou enlightened one person by kingly way, while Han was miscellaneous and overbearing, and his punishment was severe and vulgar. Therefore, before the establishment of the Zhou Dynasty, Wu Zetian used Zhou Li to carry out reforms.
What determines the name of the dynasty? There are roughly five reasons: from the names of tribes and tribal alliances, from the original divinatory symbols and the titles of founders; Originated from the original location of the founder or the region ruled by the regime; Originated from clan relationship; It means good luck.