The most powerful country in every century recorded in western history books.
BC 1 century: Zhou Kingdom
3rd century BC: Qin Empire and Peacock Empire (tied)
3rd century BC: Han Empire
4 BC 1 century: Roman Empire and Han Empire (tied)
1 century: Roman Empire and Han Empire (tied)
6th century and 7th century A.D.: Arab Empire and Tang Empire (tied)
7th century A.D.: Arabian Empire and Tang Empire (tied)
8 A.D. 1 1 Century: Song Empire
913rd century: Mongol Empire
10ad15th century: Ming Empire and Ottoman Empire (tied)
16th century: Ottoman Empire and Kingdom of Spain (tied)
17th century: the Kingdom of France, the Netherlands and the United States (tied)
18th century: British Empire and Russian Empire (tied)
19th Century: British Empire
20th century AD: United States of America
Genghis Khan (1 162 ~ 1227)
That is, Yuan Taizu. The founding Khan of Mongolia (reigned from 1206 to 1227). Outstanding strategist and politician. Temujin, a Mongolian, is a member of the A Jin family. His real name is Temujin, and his family is Jin and Mongolian. Born in 1 162, died in 1227. 1206, carrying the Great Khan (Emperor) of the Mongolian Empire to unify the Mongolian tribes. During his reign, he launched wars of aggression many times, conquering the Black Sea coast in the west and almost the whole of East Asia in the east. It is one of the famous great empires across Europe and Asia in world history. Temujin was born in a noble family in the begging department of Mongolia. Zu Hai Du, Gao Zudun Binai, great-grandfather Gebuluhan and great-grandfather Anbahaidu are prominent figures or leaders of the Mongolian Ministry. Father should soon have the title of Eight Doors (Warriors). At that time, there were more than 100 tribes in Mobei Plateau, attacking each other. When Temujin was born, it coincided with his father's capture of Temujin, the leader of Tata's children's department, so he took this name to commemorate the military commander in service. When Temujin was 9 years old, his father was poisoned by Tata people and the people were separated. He lived alone with his widowed mother, Moon Lun, was captured by other tribes, almost killed, and escaped with agility. A little longer, attach yourself to Tory, the most powerful leader of the Mongolian Plateau (later known as King Khan) and respect him as the father, so that you can gather your father's old staff; He and Jamukha, the leader of Zagreb's Ansan Department, became an Ansan (righteous brother) and gradually developed his influence. In order to avenge Meiere's wife, Wang Han and Jamukha sent troops, and together with tens of thousands of soldiers, they suddenly attacked Meiere's wife, killed them all and regained their wives. In the last years of Jin Dading, he moved to the upper reaches of Lvlian River (now Krulun River), set up accounts independently, made extensive alliances, selected talents, and was generous to others, which attracted many Mongolian ministries and Qi Yanshi nobles to vote, and was called Khan. At the end of Jin Dading or the beginning of Ming Chang, Jamukha turned back and led the 13 Coalition forces to attack with 30,000 people. Temujin summoned 30,000 troops from various ministries and divided them into 13 wings (wings, meaning battalion or circle) to fight. After losing, he retreated, which is called the Battle of Thirteen Wings in history. Because Temujin is good at winning people's hearts, many people in Jamukha have defected and strengthened their own strength. In the first year of Cheng 'an (1 196), together with Wang Han, he cooperated with Jin Dynasty Prime Minister Wan to kill many people below Minister Tatar, and was awarded Zawu Huli (tribal officer) by Jin Dynasty. Join hands with Wang Han again and defeat the Hadajin and others in the alliance 1 1 Coalition. In the first year of Taihe (120 1), he led the army to break the loose alliance organized by Jamukha. The following year, he was attacked by Naiman allies and retreated to the walls of Phnom Penh. Defeated Naiman Allied Forces in the wilderness of Kuyitian (now the upper reaches of the Haraha River), attacked and destroyed the four Tatars. Because of his growing power, Wang Han was jealous and hostile. In three years, Wang Han raided and defeated the Banzuni River (now southwest of Hulun Lake). Together with his followers, he vowed to drink turbid water and overcome difficulties. Then he moved to the middle reaches of the Hehehe River (Halaha), and collected more than 4,600 riders (say 2,600) from the scattered departments, and gradually recovered after rest. After the investigation, it was learned that Wang Khan was arrogant and unguarded, and attacked Wang Khan's camp at night, defeating all of them. Wang Han escaped alone, was killed by Naiman, and Ke Lie was killed. In four years, I built a timid (defender). Soon, Naiman leader Sun Khan attacked, cleverly arranged a puzzle, captured and killed Sun Khan alive, conquered his troops, and forced Hadajin, Doruban and other troops to surrender. By the first year of Genghis Khan (1206), many tribes, large and small 100, on the Mongolian Plateau were defeated, and the five major parts of Tatar, Kelie, Mirqi, Naiman and Mongolia were unified under the banner of Temujin. Temujin then held a big party at the source of the South River (now the Nen River) and established Yekemeng Urus (Great Mongolia), honoring Genghis Khan (the name means "ocean" or "powerful" emperor). Expand the fear of Xue to ten thousand people and call it Dazhong Army. Organize thousands of people with the unity of soldiers and people, mount horses to prepare for war, dismount and gather for grazing. Life "four jie" Boroqul, black blind, Muqali, ChiLaoWen for four fear Xue Chang. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Genghis Khan became increasingly powerful and began to wage large-scale wars abroad. After more than 20 years of Xia Meng War, it repeatedly created the main force of Xia Jun, forcing the Xixia king to beg for mercy and surrender, clearing the northwest barrier of the rulers and successfully capturing the gold in the south. In six years, he led the army to attack the gold, which opened the Mongolian-gold war for 24 years. Wushabao (now northwest of Zhangbei, Hebei) won the first battle; Then hit Yehuling (now the northwest of Wanquan, Hebei Province) and Huihe Fort (now the southeast of Huai 'an) and annihilate a large number of elite 8 Jin Army; He also attacked Huailai (now Hebei) and Gashan (now Yanqing, Beijing) and defeated more than 100,000 Jin Jun; It also hit the Jin Army in Tokyo (now Liaoyang, Liaoning), Xijing (now Datong, Shanxi) and Juyongguan. Later, he constantly changed his tactics and attacked the hinterland of the Central Plains and western Liaoning for plunder in three ways. 1March, 999, the enemy arrived at the gates of Zhongdu (now Beijing). At that time, it was difficult to capture the city, so they sent messengers to make peace, forcing the rulers to dedicate Qi Country Princess, gold silks and horses and lead the troops out of Juyongguan. In June, under the pretext that the Jin Dynasty moved its capital to Nanjing (now Kaifeng, Henan Province) and "broke the contract", three troops were sent to meet Badou and graphite Ming 'an and lead the army to attack Zhongdu. In May of the following year, we attacked the city to help surrender. In order to meet the needs of siege, Genghis Khan adopted the strategy of building the Ministry, and gradually established the artillery army, with artillery stones as the first priority in siege. Later, when attacking the city, hundreds of guns were used at a time, and the city was quickly broken. At the same time, we attach importance to absorbing the advanced technology of all ethnic groups and recruit skilled craftsmen. A city will earn tens of thousands of dollars. Subsequently, an army of craftsmen was established and a factory was established to smelt iron and make weapons. In communication, it has created "the arrow travels quickly", traveling hundreds of miles every day, and the speed of military order transmission and military deployment has increased. He is good at exerting the advantages of cavalry, making Mongolian cavalry as sick as a hurricane and as strong as a mountain. He is called "Mongolian whirlwind". 12 years, Genghis Khan made Muqali his surname and king, commanded the Golden War, and returned to Mongolia to prepare for the Western Expedition. The following year, Zhe Bie, a pioneer general, was sent to wipe out the forces of the Western Liao Dynasty and Qu Chulu, clearing the way for the Western Expedition. In fourteen years, he led about 200,000 troops to the Western Expedition on the grounds of killing Mongolian businessmen and envoys in the western regions and for the purpose of military expansion and looting of property. In a few years, Ortera (the middle reaches of the Syr Darya River), Bukhara and Samarkand were successively conquered. Zhe Bie and Subutai were sent to hunt down Mahamo, King of Walamoz, and were forced to flee to an island in the Kuantian Keith Sea (now Caspian Sea) (later died of illness). Then ordered Zhe Bie, northern Jiangsu to continue westward, as far as the Crimean peninsula; He led the army to pursue Zalandin, the son of Maha, to Shenhe (Indus River). In nineteen years, slate returned to Mobei. Twenty-one years, the rate of 654.38+ ten thousand troops annihilated the main force of Xixia Army (Xixia perished the following year). Genghis Khan tried to concentrate on attacking gold. In the 22nd year (1August 25th, 227), he died on July12nd in Xiaqingshui County (now Gansu Province) of Liupanshan at the age of 66. Last wish: Take advantage of the disharmony between Song and Jin Dynasties, and use the territory of Song Dynasty to unite with Song Dynasty to destroy Jin Dynasty. His sons Wokuotai and Tuo Lei followed this policy and perished the Jin Dynasty in the sixth year of Wokuotai Khan (1234). Genghis Khan's military career has been nearly 50 years. He has made great achievements by relying on a group of generals and advisers who can recruit good fighters and taking advantage of cavalry. He is good at running the army, creating and commanding the Mongolian army. He is well-trained, disciplined, good at field work and overcomes difficulties. In the face of many enemies, be good at using contradictions, strike another one with one blow and break them one by one; Tactically, he is good at fostering strengths and avoiding weaknesses, practicing deception skillfully, avoiding reality and attacking the virtual, attacking in multiple ways, making circuitous raids and making quick decisions. Attach importance to maintaining wars by fighting. His military thought and command art play an important role in the world military history and have a great influence on later generations. Genghis Khan is an outstanding figure in the development history of the Chinese nation. The military conquest activities of Genghis Khan himself and his descendants overcame the man-made obstacles of land transportation between the East and the West at that time, greatly promoted the cultural exchanges between the East and the West, and promoted the progress of human civilization. In the East, Genghis Khan and his descendants leveled the confrontation between several regimes in Chinese mainland since the Tang Dynasty, and finally laid the basic map of modern China. Therefore, in his poem "Spring and Snow in Qinyuan", President Mao Zedong juxtaposed Genghis Khan with the emperors with outstanding martial arts in the Han nationality, namely Qin Shihuang, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Emperor Taizong and Song Taizu.