Ding (1936-), a native of Jinhua, Zhejiang. 1953 was admitted to the history department of Peking University, majoring in world history. He was educated by Qi Sihe, Yang Renkun, Zhou Yiliang, Deng Guangming and Zhang Zhilian and became a German historian Wiener? Lodge's German history student. 1958 graduated from university and stayed on as a teacher. In the early 1960s, he began to publish papers and monographs in succession. Tsetkin was exclusively reported by Guangming Daily after it was published in 196 1. 1978 transferred to the history department of Hangzhou university, 198 1 promoted to associate professor. 198 1- 1984 studied in west Germany, where he was a famous German historian and former president of the International Association of Historians. Professor edman benefited a lot, and his German paper Bismarck and the German Unification Movement won unanimous praise from academic circles at home and abroad. 1984 After returning to China, he served as the deputy director of the history department of Hangzhou University. 1986 was promoted to full professor and concurrently served as the director of the university library. 1988, the provincial party Committee proposed to be the president of Zhejiang Normal University, which was declined on the grounds that "there is no official, no business, only business." 199 1 established the "German Research Center of Hangzhou University" and served as its director. 1992 received special allowance from the State Council. Academic social part-time jobs mainly include: vice president, president and honorary president of China German History Research Association, a national first-class society; Vice President of Zhejiang European and American Alumni Association; President of Hangzhou University Branch of European and American Alumni Association; Director of Zhejiang Historical Society; Honorary Director of the Advisory Board of the International Celebrity Center (IBA) in Cambridge, England and the International Celebrity Institute (ABI) in the United States. After the merger of the four universities from 65438 to 0999, he served as professor of the history department of New Zhejiang University and director of the academic committee of the Institute of World History. Retired in 2002. Professor Ding mainly studies western history, European and American modernization history, especially German history. The public research on German history began in the late 1970s. In the 1980s, he published a series of original papers, such as German Unification and the Power of Tsarist Russia, Premises and Consequences of Bismarck's Unification of Germany, Bismarck's Role in German Unification, Hitler's Coming to Power and the Nature of German Fascism, and The East is Forever-Sino-German Cultural Relations, which not only changed the academic outlook of Germany, but also, at home, He began to take charge of some national research projects: the German history of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences during the Sixth Five-Year Plan, the German history course of the State Education Commission during the Seventh Five-Year Plan, the national key project of philosophy and social sciences during the Eighth Five-Year Plan, the post-war division and unification of Germany, and the research on the modernization road of developed countries, a key project of social sciences in Zhejiang Province during the Ninth Five-Year Plan. Great achievements have been made in the study of German history since 1990s. 199 1 year monograph "a brief history of Germany" (editor) came out; The monograph Spirit and Culture of Prussia was published in 1994, and the monograph Division and Unification of Germany after World War II was published in 1997 (editor-in-chief); 1999 monograph "Modernization Road of Developed Countries" (editor-in-chief); In 2003, he published the monograph "General History of Germany"; In 2004, he published the monograph "German Culture: Prussian Spirit and Culture". According to preliminary statistics, * * * has published 10 works on German history, 4 co-edited works, about 70 Chinese papers, 7 German papers and 6 translations. Professor Ding won the Humboldt Research Scholarship, the highest academic award in the Federal Republic of Germany, in 198 1 and conducted a two-year visiting study in West Germany. Since then, he has been invited to attend many international academic conferences held in Germany or Switzerland. During the period of 1988- 1995, he was successively employed by Kiel University, Free University of Berlin, Stuttgart University and Mainz University as a visiting researcher or professor, engaged in the research and teaching of German unification movement, Sino-German relations, world modernization and China modernization. 1996 won the research award of the German Center for Foreign Exchange (DAAD).