The city's east-west width is about160km, the north-south length is176km, and the land area is 164 1 km2, of which the plain area is 6338km2, accounting for 38.6%. Mountain area 10072 km2, accounting for 6 1.4%. The topography of Beijing is generally high in the northwest and low in the southeast. The landform of this city consists of two major landform units: the northwest mountainous area and the southeast plain. There are no natural lakes in Beijing. From west to east, there are five natural rivers: Juma River, Yongding River, North Canal, Chaobai River and Jiyun Canal, all of which belong to Haihe River Basin.
Extended data
The origin of the name
Beijing is an ancient capital with a history of more than 3000 years. It has different titles in different dynasties, with roughly more than 20 nicknames.
Yan Dou, according to historical records, was sealed to Yan in 1 122 BC after Zhou Wuwang destroyed the business. Yan Dou is named after being the capital of ancient Yan State. Among the Seven Heroes of the Warring States Period, there is Yan State, which is said to be named after its proximity to Yanshan Mountain, and its capital is called "Yan Dou".
Youzhou, one of the ancient Kyushu. The name of Youzhou was first seen in Shangshu Shundian: "Yan is called Youzhou." Youzhou was established in the Han, Wei, Jin and Tang Dynasties, and all of them ruled in today's Beijing area.
Beijing, the capital, refers to the capital of the whole country. After Beijing became the capital, it was also called the capital.
In the first year of Emperor Taizong of Liao Dynasty (938), Nanjing, also known as Yanjing, upgraded the original Youzhou to Youdu House as the capital of Liao country. The capital of Liao was in Beijing at that time.
Most of them were rebuilt in the Yuan Dynasty, centering on the Golden Palace and the present Beihai Park. Yuan Shizu changed its name to Dadu in the 9th year of Yuan Dynasty (1272), commonly known as Dadu in Yuan Dynasty.
Beiping was the first year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1368). After Zhu Yuanzhang destroyed the Yuan Dynasty, in order to record the achievements of pacifying the North, most areas of the Yuan Dynasty were renamed Beiping.
Beijing, the first year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1403), after Judy Yongle, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, ascended the throne, he changed the fief of Beiping to Shuntianfu, built Beijing City, and prepared to move the capital here. This is the beginning of the official naming of Beijing with a history of more than 600 years.
Shi Jing moved his capital to Beijing in the 18th year of Yongle (1420), and was renamed Shi Jing in the Qing Dynasty.
In the Republic of China, Shuntian abandoned Jingzhao and put Jingzhao, which includes most parts of Beijing today. In the seventeenth year of the Republic of China (1928), Jingzhao was abolished and Beijing was changed to Beiping.
Beijing Municipal People's Government Network-Overview of Beijing