Current location - Music Encyclopedia - Chinese History - Where does the "forest, phoenix, turtle and dragon, called the Four Spirits" come from?
Where does the "forest, phoenix, turtle and dragon, called the Four Spirits" come from?
From the Book of Rites Li Yun edited by Dai Sheng in the Western Han Dynasty.

Excerpt from the original:

What are the four spirits? Windson Gui Long is called the Four Spirits. So dragons think they are animals, so fish don't swim. Phoenix thinks it is an animal, so birds are not jealous. We think that animals are animals, so animals are not arrogant. Turtles think animals, so human feelings are not broken.

Translation:

What are the four spirits? Lin, Feng, Gui and Long called it the Four Spirits. Therefore, raising dragons, all kinds of fish will not swim; When raising chickens, all kinds of birds will not be surprised to fly; If animals keep forests, all kinds of wild animals will not run away; If you keep a turtle, you won't make mistakes if you understand human feelings.

Extended data

Li Yun is an article in the Book of Rites, which actually reflects the political thoughts and historical views of Confucianism, especially the idea of "great harmony" in the book, which has had a far-reaching impact on politicians and reformers in past dynasties.

Kang Youwei annotated Liu Yun, in which he gave full play to his political views on political reform and reform. According to ancient sayings, people think that the theory of "Great Harmony" in The Book of Rites and Li Yun has been influenced by Mohism or Taoism.

The Book of Rites is an anthology of Confucian scholars' articles from the Warring States Period to the Qin and Han Dynasties, and a compilation of Confucian thoughts. The main content is to record and discuss the ritual system and significance of China in the pre-Qin period, explain the ceremony, record the questions and answers between Confucius and his disciples, and describe the principles of self-cultivation.

This 90,000-word book has a wide range of contents and categories, involving politics, law, morality, philosophy, history, sacrifice, literature and art, daily life, calendar, geography and many other aspects. It is almost all-encompassing, reflecting the political, philosophical and ethical thoughts of pre-Qin Confucianism. It is an important material for studying the pre-Qin society.

The Book of Rites is written in prose, and some chapters have considerable literary value. Some use short and vivid stories to illustrate a certain truth, some are magnificent and precise in structure, some are concise, some are good at psychological description and characterization, and there are a lot of philosophical aphorisms in the book, which are incisive and profound.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Li Yun